1 KAKATIYA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE

(An Autonomous Institute under Kakatiya University, Warangal)

Opp:Yerragattu GuttA, Hasanparthy(M),Warangal-506015,Telangana(INDIA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

U14EC509 : SEMINAR

“ULTRASONIC BLINDSTICK"

Prepared & Presented by :

G.NAVEENA, IIIECE-II, B17EC204L

Seminar Supervisor Seminar Coordinator Seminar Convener Head of the Department

Sri.P.SANDEEP Sri.R.SRIKANTH Smt. A. VIJAYA Dr. G.RAGHOTHAM REDDY
Asst. Prof , Asst. Prof., Assoc. Prof. Professor,
Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE Dept. of ECE
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CONTENTS
•ABSTRACT (BRIEF INTRODUCTION)
•OVERVIEW & BACKGROUND
•KEY TERMS / TECHNOLOGIES / MECHANISMS
•OBJECTIVES
•CIRCUIT DIAGRAM/ BLOCK DIAGRAM / METHOD
•WORKING
•SOFTWARES USED
•CONCLUSION
•FUTURE SCOPE
•REFERENCES

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 ABSTRACT
Vision is the most important part of human
physiology as 83% of information human being gets
from the environment is via sight. The 2011 statistics
by the World Health Organization (WHO) estimates
that there are 285 billion people in world with visual
impairment, 39 billion of which are blind and 246
with low vision.
By developing a tool which can serve as a blind stick
being more efficient and helpful than the
conventional one.
This will assist the blind persons during the walk and
provides an alarm if any hurdle is detected within the
set range.

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 BASIC LOGIC
• Five different sensors with microcontroller
interface are used which are connected to
buzzer and vibrator.

• ATMEGA 16 as the main microcontroller is

used.

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 COMPONENTS

• Microcontroller ATMEGA16
• Sensors
• Buzzer
• Vibrator

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 BLOCK DIAGRAM

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 PROTOTYPE OF OUR STICK

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 USAGE OF DIFFERENT SENSORS

• Ultrasonic sensor is used for obstacle avoidance.

• IR sensor is used for pit and staircase detection.
• Water ,Fire and Light sensors are available.

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 ATMEGA 16
• ATmega16 is a 40pin microcontroller.
There are 32 I/O (input/output) lines
• ATmega16 has various in-built
peripherals

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 ULTRASONIC SENSOR

Ultrasonic sensors works on a principle

similar to radar or sonar

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 WORKING OF ULTRASONIC SENSOR

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 IR SENSOR
• Infrared sensors can measure the
heat of an object, as well as detect
motion.

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 FIRE SENSOR
• Thermistors usually have
negative temperature
coefficients

• Buzzer is used for output.

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 WATER SENSOR

• A water sensor is an
electronic device that is
designed to detect the
presence of water and provide
an alert in time to allow the
prevention of water damage.

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 LIGHT SENSOR

• Photoresistor changes its

resistance drastically based on
the ambient lighting in an
environment.

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 OUTPUT DEVICES
BUZZER LED
It consists of piezo crystals between It is a p–n junction diode, which
two conductors. emits light when activated.

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 OUTPUT DEVICES
VIBRATOR
• A vibrating motor is essentially a motor that is improperly balanced.

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 INTERFACING WITH CONTROLLER

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 SOFTWARES USED
• AVR STUDIO 4
• AVR LOADER V2.0
• PROTEUS DESIGN SUITE

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 CONCLUSION
• The project proposed the design and architecture of a new concept of
Smart Electronic Guiding Stick for blind people.
• It aims to solve the problems faced by the blind people in their daily life.
The system also takes measures to ensure their safety.

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 FUTURE SCOPE
• It can be further enhanced by using VLSI technology to design the PCB
unit.
• The global position of the user is obtained.

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 REFRENCES
• Mohd Helmy Abd Wahab, Amirul A. Talib, Herdawatie A.Kadir, Ayob Johari, A.Noraziah,
Roslina M. Sidek, Ariffin A. , “Smart cane: assistive cane for visually impaired people”
IJCSI, Vol.8 Issue 4, July 2011.

• Yuan, D.; Manduchi, R., “Dynamic environment exploration using a virtual white cane”, in
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, CVPR 2005 IEEE Computer Society
Conference,2005.

• F. van der Heijden, P.P.L. Regtien, “Wearable navigation assistance - a tool for the blind”
MEASUREMENT SCIENCE REVIEW, Volume 5, Section 2, 2005 .

• Larisa Dunai, Guillermo Peris Fajarnes, Victor Santiago Praderas, Beatriz Defez Garcia,
Ismael Lengua Lengua , “Real–Time Assistance Prototype – a new Navigation Aid for blind
people” 978-1-4244-5226-2/10/$26.00 ©2010 IEEE. 1998

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 Thank You !!

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