Smart Energy Cities

Iwa Garniwa

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Smart city concept

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Six Key Themes Related to Smart City

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Actions Field

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Smart City Area

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Need
Power
and
Energy

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 Grid Modernization
Today’s Tomorrow’s
Electricity Choices … Power park

… e-

Fuel Cell

Hydrogen
Wind Storage Remot
Farms Industrial e
DG Loads
Rooftop Fuel
e-
Photovoltaic Cell SMES
s

Smart
Substation
Load as a
resource Combined Heat
and Power
September 2009 Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Slide 10
 Definition of Smart Energy City
• The Smart Energy City is highly energy and resource efficient,
and is increasingly powered by renewable energy sources; it
relies on integrated and resilient resource systems, as well as
insight driven and innovative approaches to strategic
planning. The application of information, communication and
technology are commonly a means to meet these objectives
• The Smart Energy City, as a core to the concept of the Smart
City, provides its users with a liveable, affordable, climate-
friendly and engaging environment that supports the needs
and interests of its users and is based on a sustainable
economy.”

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 Diverse Energy Sources
Fossil

Wind

Solar

Nuclear

http://powerelectronics.com/power_systems/smart-grid-success-rely-system-solutions-20091001/ 14
Transformation to a Smart Energy City

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Project Example in Europe

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 Key Performance Indicators
1. Resource system integration: It is strongly believed that any system in a
city in the future cannot be seen as an isolated system; heating and
cooling are two sides of the same coin, waste is closely related to energy
and resources, energy is not only electricity, gas, heating but a
combination of these sources.
2. Access to energy services: If no services are provided, no system, no city
is present.
3. Resilience: With the expected changes in climate, resilience to any kind
of changes is a key factor.
4. Energy Efficiency: Since energy sources for some will be scarce, for
other very expensive, and others again will have great impact on the
climate, energy efficiency will be a key factor.
5. Renewable Energy: Renewable energies will be a need to prevent
further climate changes.

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6. Active and engaged users: If the users of systems are not
involved, taken responsibility, active and engaged, the
systems will not provide the expected results.
7. Sustainable Economy: If it isn’t economical feasible for the
users of a city to use the provided services of energy etc., the
systems will not be sustained.
8. Smart Governance: The users of the city shall have a direct
and immediate influence on the needed decisions, both on
their own situations and their possible solutions and also on
the overall governance of the city. This can only be provided
through new interactive intelligent decision systems.

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Amsterdam KPI

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 Integrating Energy in Urban Development Planning
LandUrban
Use Planning Activities Energy Considerations Outputs

Analysis of Urban Development Energy Issues (supply, consumption,

Concerns demand) Analysis =

Urban Development Goal, Objectives & Existing Energy Goal, Objectives and
Criteria Formulation Criteria =

Urban Development Surveys & Analysis Energy Survey Data (supply,

of Sectoral Plans & Profiles consumption, demand) and Database =

Alternative Growth Scenarios and

Solutions Formulation
Energy Supply & Demand Scenarios =

Alternative Growth Scenarios & Energy Implications of Growth Scenarios

= Energy
Solutions Analysis & Proposed Solutions
Integrated
Urban
Urban Development Policy Formulation Formulated & Enforced Energy Policies &
& Sectoral Policies & Regulations Plans/Programs = Development
Planning
Urban Development & Sectoral Policy Energy-Environment Impact Assessment
Impact Analysis Results =

Urban Development and Sectoral Policy Energy Plan Projects Implementation &
Support Activities Formulation Results
=

Urban Plans & Programs Implementation

and Management Strategies
Energy Management Plan and Energy
Projects Implementation =
Urban Development & Sectoral Plans
Implementation

Energy-Integrated
Urban Development and Sectoral Plans Energy Consumption Monitoring &
Monitoring & Management Management = Urban Development
Plan Management
 Considering Energy Aspects in Land Use Planning
Land Use Planning Activities Energy Considerations Outputs

Land Use Problem Analysis

Land Use Goal, Objectives & Criteria Existing Energy Goal, Objectives and
Formulation Criteria =

Land Use Surveys & Database Energy Survey Data (supply,

Development & Analysis consumption, demand)
=

Alternative Growth Scenarios and

Solutions Formulation
Energy Supply & Demand Scenarios =

Alternative Growth Scenarios & Energy Implications of Growth Scenarios

Solutions Analysis & Proposed Solutions =
Energy
Integrated Land
Land Use Policy Formulation (based on Existing Energy Policies &
Analyses) Plans/Programs
= Use Planning

Energy-Environment Links Assessment

Land Use Policy Impact Analysis
Results =

Land Use Policy Support Activities Energy Plan Projects Implementation &
Formulation Results =

Land Use Management & Plan

Implementation Strategies Development

Land Use Plan Implementation

Energy-Integrated
Energy Consumption Monitoring &
Land Use Monitoring & Management
Management = Land Use Plan
Management
PROGRAM SMART ENERGY CITIES
IN ANOTHER COUNTRY

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 TOKYO :
Toward a Smart Energy City beyond Power Saving

• The Tokyo Metropolitan Government (TMG)

has been promoting energy saving and
expanding the use of renewable energy
through pioneering climate change policy such
as the implementation of the Tokyo Cap-and-
Trade Program for Large Facilities.

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 Direction of the Energy Saving Initiative
In order to achieve a smart energy city, it is important
to promote urban development that
(1) makes maximum use of technologies and knowhow
concerning energy saving and power demand
reduction;
(2) widely uses low-carbon, independent distributed
energy systems; and
(3) incorporates a social system of optimal energy
management capable of improving energy
utilization efficiency.

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 Seven Principles of “Smart Energy Saving” at Business
Industrial Facilities
1. Make sure to keep the lighting brightness at 500 lux or less, eliminate wasteful energy usage and continue the revision of
lighting brightness as a permanent measure.
As a measure that can be continued all year around, reduction of lighting and revision of lighting brightness, which were
implemented in Tokyo in summer 201,1 should be accepted widely as permanent measures (desktop brightness should be
500 lux or less [around 300 to 500 lux]).

2. Take care to keep the room temperature from rising above 28 degrees Celsius <Ensure a comfortable environment by
managing humidity as well>
Take the following measures in order to manage the office room temperature:
① Check the actual room temperature.
② Circulate indoor air using air-circulating equipment (electric fans).
③ Make effective use of blinds (simultaneously make use of sunlight and reduce heat by keeping the blind blades in a horizontal
position).
④ Reduce the intake of outdoor air through appropriate management of the indoor CO2 concentration.
⑤ Manage humidity as well: when humidity is high, the room temperature should be kept relatively low.

3. Make sure to keep OA equipment in energy saving mode

Make sure to take energy saving measures regarding OA equipment that can be continued all year
around, including reducing the stand-by power consumption of personal computers and printers and
lowering the display brightness.

4. Share benefits of power saving and encourage universal saving effort by “making power consumption “visible”. <Identify
peak power demand via demand-monitoring equipment>
Use demand-monitoring equipment and building energy management systems to keep track of power usage and identify facilities
that consume power on a large scale. Identify the benefits of power saving measures and ensure that business operators,
building owners, tenants and customers work together to effectively save energy and reduce peak power demand.
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5. Save energy by improving equipment efficiency without undermining the office
environment.
Ensure efficient operation of facilities and equipment through such measures as discontinuing
venting of elevator machine chambers and electric equipment chambers and revising the
temperature setting (set at above 30 degrees Celsius or higher) and ensuring appropriate
maintenance and management including periodic filter cleaning.

6. In normal times, avoid the implementation of measures that cause an excessive burden
compared with benefits, such as suspending the operation of elevators.
In normal times, avoid the implementation of measures that excessively undermine the
comfortable working environment. The measures to be avoided include: suspending the
operation of elevators and escalators in office buildings and railway stations; keeping the
train temperature at 28 degrees Celsius or higher during rush hours; keeping the factory floor
temperature at 28 degrees Celsius or higher; switching off road and sidewalk lighting at
nighttime; shifting factory operation to night hours and holidays; and excessively restraining
the use of air conditioning on extremely hot days.

7. Prepare additional measures that may be taken if a warning regarding a power supply-
demand squeeze has been issued.
Prepare additional measures that may be taken in response to a power supply-demand squeeze
according to the seriousness of the squeeze (e.g., suspending the operation of elevators and
escalators).
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INDIA

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The road maps: from 2016 to Bristol Smart Energy City

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EE Urban Systems: Smart City & Smart Buildings
 Conference Topics
Smart Energy
• Energy management, smart grid and
energy eficiency
• Grid stability, security and network
reliability
• Smart metering in Indonesia and
experience sharing of another
country
• Scope of smart grid and smart meters
in 12th Five Year Plan
• Smart Grids – roadmaps and
deployments
• Smart Vision, Components and
Roadmap of Smart Grid in Indonesia
Smart Environment
• Emerging trends in renewable energy
• Energy savings and efficiency methods
• Waste management and recycling
technologies
• Biological treatment of wastewater
• Sustainable future for India’s energy-
stressed cities
Smart Buildings
• Future vision of smart homes and buildings
• Advanced HVAC systems
• Rain water harvesting solutions for smart
cities
• Building automation and management
systems
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NGKAT KEBIJAKAN DAN SISTEM
4 Kebijakan formal konservasi energi
dan sistem manajemen, rencana
aksi dan review reguler dengan
komitmen dari manajemen senior
atau bagian dari strategi korporat.
3 Kebijakan formal konservasi energi,
sistem manajemen belum formal,
dan manajemen puncak belum
mempunyai komitmen aktif.
2 Kebijakan energi informal dibuat
oleh manajer energi atau manager
departemen senior
1 Petunjuk belum dibuat
0 Tidak ada kebijakan secara eksplisit
Matriks Manajemen Energi
ORGANISASI
Manajemen energi telah
terintegrasi dalam struktur
manajemen. Pendelegasian
tanggung jawab yang jelas
tentang penggunaan energi.
Manajer energi yang
accountable pada komite energi
yang diketuai oleh anggota dari
manajemen puncak
Manajer energi sudah ada,
melaporkan ke komite ad-hoc
tapi garis manajerial dan otoritas
belum jelas
Manajer energi dilakukan oleh
seseorang bersifat paruh waktu
dengan pengaruh dan otoritas
terbatas
Tidak ada manajer energi atau
formal organisasi yang
bertanggung jawab terhadap
penggunaan energi
MOTIVASI SISTEM INFORMASI
Komunikasi formal dan Sistem menyeluruh yang membuat target,
informal secara reguler pemantauan dan konsumsi energi dan
yang dilakukan oleh buangan, emisi, identifikasi kesalahan,
manajer energi dan semua jumlah biaya dan penghematan serta
tingkat staf. pemantauan anggaran untuk penggunaan
energi
Komite energi sebagai Laporan monitoring dan sasaran untuk
saluran utama bersamaan masing-masing individu berdasar pada
sebagai kontak langsung sub-metering/ monitoring tetapi
dengan pengguna energi penghematan tidak dilaporkan pada
yang besar pengguna secara efektif
Kontak dengan pengguna Laporan Pemantauan dan sasaran
energi besar melalui ad- berdasar pada meter supplai/data
hoc yang diketuai oleh pengukuran dan tagihan. Staff energi diikut
manager senior sertakan secara tidak langsung pada
departemen pembuatan.
Kontak Informal antara Laporan biaya berdasar pada data tagihan.
engineer dan beberapa Enginner mengkompilasi laporan untuk
pengguna energi penggunaan internal berkaitan dengan
departemen teknis
Tak ada kontak dengan Tidak ada sistem informasi. Tidak ada
pengguna energi akuntansi konsumsi bahan dan energi
PROMOSI
Pemasaran nilai bahan bakar
dan energi, efisiensi energi,
kinerja manajemen energi dalam
organisasi maupun diluar
organisasi.
Program pelatihan untuk staf,
kesadaran dan kampanye
reguler
Kesadaran pada beberapa staf
umum dan pelatihan
Kontak Informal yang digunakan
untuk mempromosikan
konservasi energi
Tidak ada promosi konservasi
energi
INVESTASI
Pemisahan yang jelas pada
skema investasi konservasi
energi dengan pengkajian rinci
peluang bagi membangun baru
dan perbaikan
Kriteria pay back untuk semua
investasi. Kajian singkat untuk
membangun baru dan peluang
peningkatan.
Investasi menggunakan kriteria
short term pay back criteria
Hanya langkah berbiaya rendah
dilakukan
Tidak ada investasi pada
peningkatan efisiensi energi
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 References
1. S. Massoud Amin and Bruce F. Wollenberg, “Toward a
Smart Grid,” IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,
September/October 2005.
2. M. Pipattanasomporn and S. Rahman, “Intelligent
Distributed Autonomous Power Systems (IDAPS) and their
Impact on Critical Electrical Loads,” IEEE IWCIP 2005.
3. R. Li, J. Li, G. Poulton, and G. James, “Agent-Based
Optimization Systems for Electrical Load Management,”
OPTMAS 2008.
4. J. Li, G. Poulton, and G. James, “Agent-based distributed
energy management,” In Proc. 20th Australian Joint
Conference on Artificial Intelligence, pages 569–578. Gold
Coast, Australia, 2007.
5. http://www.smartgrid.gov/, November 2010.

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 References (Cont.)
6. “GRID 2030: A National Vision for Electricity’s Second
100 Years”, United States Department of Energy, Office
of Electric Transmission and Distribution, July 2003.
7. “What the Smart Grid Means to America’s Future”,
Technology Providers – One of the Six Smart Grid
Stakeholder Books, 2009.
8. “San Diego Smart Grid Study Report”
9. “A Compendium of Smart Grid Technologies”
10. “Multi-Agent Systems in a Distributed Smart Grid:
Design and Implementation”
11. “Broadband Over Power Lines A White Paper”

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 References (Cont.)
12. “V&R Energy Systems Research”
13. “Emissions and Energy Efficiency Assessment of
Baseload Wind Energy Systems”
14. “Microgrid Energy Management System”
15. “Opportunities and Challenges of Wireless Sensor
Networks in Smart Grid”
16. P. Vytelingum and S. D. Ramchurn, “Trading Agents for
the Smart Electricity Grid,” AAMAS 2010.

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Thank you.

Questions, Comments, …?

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