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 Dia membayar uang kuliah setiap 6 bulan.

 Dia membayar uang kuliah minggu lalu.
 Dia sudah membayar uang kuliah sejak bulan Agustus
 Dia sedang membayar uang kuliah.
 Dia akan membayar uang kuliah minggu depan.
 Dia harus membayar uang kuliah secepat mungkin.
 Simple Present : We attend the meeting one a week. (V1)
 Simple Past : We attended the meeting last month. (V2)
 Present Perfect : We have attended the meeting since 2012. (have-V3)
 Present Continous : We are attending the meeting at this moment.(be-V-ing)
 Simple Future : We will attend the meeting next month.(will-Vbase)
 Simple Future : We must attend the meeting next month.(must-Vbase)
 Present simple or present perfect?
The present simple is used for The present perfect makes a
permanent facts and states, and connection between past and
regular habits. present.
Example: Example:
 I work here.(a permanent state: I  I’ve worked here for two years. (I
work here every day) started two years ago and still
work here now)
 Past simple or present perfect?
The past simple is used to describe
actions in a completed time period.
Example:
I lived in Milan many years ago.
(completed: now I live in another
place)
Time phrases : yesterday, last month.
The present perfect is used when the
time period includes the present.
Example:
1. I’ve lived in Milan since 2008. (a
situation that started in the past
and continues in the present: I still
live there)
2. I’ve been to Milan several times.
(life experience)
3. My boss has agreed to your
proposal. (present result of a past
action)
 Time phrases: since, never, this
month.
Present perfect continuous: form
The present perfect continuous is formed with the present
perfect of be, and the -ing form of the verb. Negatives are formed
with not.
Example:
1. I’ve been (haven’t been) waiting here for more than an hour.
2. She’s been (hasn’t been) waiting here for ages.
Questions are formed by inverting the subject and have.
1. Have you been waiting long?
2. Has she been waiting long?
 Present perfect continuous: uses
The present perfect continuous describes an action or situation in progress
from the past up to the present.
A. The present perfect continuous often emphasizes the length of time of
the action.
 I’ve been working on this report all week.
B. The present perfect continuous can be used for repeated actions.
 I’ve been calling her all afternoon, but she’s always in a meeting.
C. The action may be finished or continuing; we only know by the
situation.
 You’re late! I’ve been waiting here for ages! (the waiting is finished
now)
 I’ve been waiting for ages. Where is she? (I will continue waiting)
Present perfect continuous: time
expressions
Typical time expressions used with the present perfect continuous
include: all day, for months, for ages, recently, over the last few years,
since, for.
Present perfect or present perfect continuous?
Sometimes there is no difference in meaning between the present
perfect and present perfect continuous.
I’ve worked/been working here for two years.

The choice of tense often depends on 3. We use the present perfect

where our attention is. continuous if our attention is on the
1. We use the present perfect if our action in progress.
attention is on the present result.  I’ve been writing the report. I’m
 I’ve written the report. Here it is. exhausted. (the act of writing is in
(the finished report is in my mind) my mind)
2. If we give details of how many or
how much, we do not use a
continuous form.
 I’ve written three reports this
week.
 I’ve done a lot of research on this
company.
 Present Tense, Simple Past, and Present Perfect
1. Yesterday I phoned/I’ve phoned the bank about our overdraft.
2. I work/I have worked here since the end of last year.
3. I work/I have worked from home one day a week.
4. I’m enjoying the conference. I made/I have made a lot of useful
contacts.
5. I saw/I’ve seen Hugh Hopper a few days ago – he sends his
regards.
6. We went/We have been to an interesting seminar last week.
7. Today has been/was really busy – and it’s only lunchtime!
8. Today has been/was really busy. It’s 7 pm – I’m going home.
9. I’m sorry but Patricia left/has left the office an hour ago.
10. Patricia? No, she isn’t here right now. She left/has left the
office.
Will:
We use ‘will’ for the following situations.
Promises
 “I’ll send you the documents tomorrow.”
 “I’ll confirm that with our suppliers and get back to you
ASAP.”
Offers of help:
 “No problem. I’ll ask them to speed up the delivery time.”
 “I’ll phone Mike for you and ask about the project status.”
Spontaneous decisions:
 “Ok, I understand. I’ll be in charge of the project .”
Predictions
 “I think this year will be a good year” (Just a feeling)
 “I think in ten year’s time everyone in Germany will have a
mobile phone.”
Present continuous
(-ing) form + timeframe (e.g. Monday, tomorrow, next week).
 We use present continuous for fixed plans in the future
(plans where we are 95-100% certain will take place.)

 “I’m having lunch with the supplier on Tuesday.”

 “On Monday, I’m meeting the corporate team.”
 ” We’re moving on to the next stage of the project next
Monday.”
Simple Present:
we also use another ‘present tense’ for the future!
 We use the simple present for events in the future that
have been scheduled (like in a diary or a timetable)
 “The meeting starts at 5pm.”
 “The train leaves at 9am.”
 “The next presentation begins at 2pm.”
Going to: future plans & predictions
Going to + infinitive is used to signal an intention. The
plan may not be 100% fixed like present continuous
but it is probably 80% fixed.
 “This Summer I’m going to visit my parents in
England.”
 I'm (am) going to learn Spanish next year.
 He's (is) going to travel to Japan in the summer.
 It's (is) going to rain tomorrow.
 They're (are) going to have an accident.
Present, past, future
 1. Which tense would you use for describing last year's holiday?
 2. Which tense would you use for talking about next weekend?
 3. Which tense would you use for talking about your daily
routine?
 4. Which tense would you use for talking about your childhood?
 5. Which tense would you use for talking about the area where
you live?

 6. Did you go to the chemist's on your way home?

 7. Was there anybody in when you called?
 8.Will Tom be able to mend that broken window?
 9. What are the shops like around here?
 10. What will you do when this course finishes?