EMBEDDED SYSTEMS

DONE BY,
KRITHIKA.S,
II-M.Sc IT.
CONTENTS
• Interrupt handlers
• Schedulers
• Selecting RTOS
• Task and Task states
• Conclusion
INTERRUPT
• An interrupt is a signal to the processor emitted by
hardware or software indicating an event that needs
immediate attention.
• There are two types of interrupt handlers.They are,
 Hardware interrupt
 Software interrupt
INTERRUPT HANDLERS
• Whenever an interrupt occurs, the controller completes
the execution of the current instruction and starts the
execution of an Interrupt Service Routine (ISR) or
Interrupt Handler.
• ISR tells the processor or controller what to do when the
interrupt occurs.
EXAMPLE
SCHEDULERS
• The scheduler is the software that determines which task
should be run next.
• The logic of the scheduler and the mechanism that
determines when it should be run is the scheduling
algorithm.
TYPES OF SCHEDULERS
• Long Term Scheduler- The job scheduler or long-term
scheduler selects processes from the storage pool in the
secondary memory and loads them into the ready queue
in the main memory for execution.
• Short Term Scheduler-The short-term scheduler selects
one of the processes from the ready queue and schedules
them for execution.
• Medium Term Scheduler The medium-term scheduler
swaps out a process from main memory. It can again
swap in the process later from the point it stopped
executing.
• This can also be called as suspending and resuming the
process.
SELECTING RTOS
Characteristics to select an RTOS:
 Scheduling policies
 Runtime Behavior
 Interrupts
 Event synchronization
 Memory management
 Application Programming Interface
 Messaging
TASK
• Task is that executing unit of computation, which is
controlled by some process at the OS scheduling
mechanism,
• which lets it execute on the CPU and by some process at
OS for a resource-management mechanism that lets it
use the system- memory.
TASK STATES
• Runing
• Ready
• Blocked
• Suspened
Running:
• The task which is executing currently is said to be in
running state. It owns the CPU.
Ready
• The task which is neither suspended nor blocked but still
not executing will be ready state. Its not in running state
because either a high priority or equal priority task is
executing.
Blocked
• A task will go in blocked state whenever its waiting for a
event to happen. The event can be completing a delay
period or availability of a resource. The blocked tasks are
not available for scheduling.
Suspended
• When vTaskSuspend() is called, the task goes in
suspended state. To resume it, xTaskResume() is called.
The suspended tasks are also not available for scheduling
CONCLUSION
• Interrupt – Hardware interrupt
Software interrupt
• Types of schedulers
• Characteristics of selecting RTOS
• Task and Task states
THANK YOU