Once upon a time…

Scary old Gods came…

There was NOTHING

They created everyting
As time goes by…

They also want Gods to honor them

Humans became AMBITIOUS

But Gods were full of pride and anger
Humans and Gods fought for supremacy…

But as expected, Gods became triumphant

 CHAOS
Mixed up and dark.

This was called

More divinities came into being…
GREEK MYTHOLOGY
A story of Gods and Goddesses
A Short Background

• Fully developed by about 700 B.C.

• Homer is generally considered the earliest Greek Poet whose works

had survived
• Greeks developed a rich set of Myths which means
traditional stories about their gods

• Greeks have a polytheistic religion. This means they believed in many

gods
Ancient Greek beliefs and characteristics
• Death is inevitable and final, so the goal was to become a legend
through great deeds.
• The Greeks were tough, restless, ambitious, hard-living, and
imaginative.
• Honor was extremely important, and the Greeks were very vengeful if
wronged.
• The gods mirrored human feelings and physical form.

• Their flaws were pride, cruelty, stubbornness, impulsiveness, lust for

power, and a desire to be like the gods.
Why do we have to Study Greek
Mythology?

• Interesting and Entertaining

• Shows how ancient people viewed the world and gives us an account
of their history

• It is constantly referenced to in everyday life

The Mt. Olympus
GODS AND GODDESSES
A Joyous Journey
Z Z
E E
U U
S S
 GOD OF LIGHTNING
Name: Zeus
Rules Over: Skies, Thunder, Lightning, Hospitality, Honor, Kingship, Order
Title: King of Olympus
Gender: Male
Symbols: Thunderbolt, Aegis, Set of Scales, Oak Tree, Royal Scepter
Sacred animals: Eagle, Wolf, Woodpecker
Items: Bag of Lightning
Parents: Cronus and Rhea
Roman Name: Jupiter
Birth Story
Child of Cronus and Rhea – Rhea made a decoy for Zeus
– Zeus was safeguarded by Sheppard family – Rhea
introduced Zeus to Cronus as a cup bearer – Cronus
vomited Zeus siblings – There was a war but Zeus and
his allies was triumphant – Zeus and the others claimed
the Olympus
• Zeus was the king of the hill. He was dominating,
powerful and had a soft spot for pretty women.
He could be terrifying when angry. His symbols
were the thunderbolts, or lightning bolts made
for him by the Cyclopes (his uncles); the eagle;
and the scepter, or rod.
• Zeus’s first marriage and the birth of Athena •
Zeus’s first wife was Metis • Metis did not want
to marry Zeus. • The Oracle of Gaea prophesied
that Metis’s first child would be a girl and her
second child would be born a son and overthrow
Zeus. • Zeus became terrified and ate Metis. •
The 2nd child was actually born a girl, Athena.
• Zeus later developed a terrible headache. • Zeus
consulted the other gods and Hermes realized
what needed to be done. • Hermes told
Hephaestus to take a wedge and split open
Zeus’s skull. • When this happened Athena
sprang out of Zeus’s head.
H H
A A
D D
E E
S S
 GOD OF THE UNDERWORLD
Name: Hades, Plouton, Hegesilaus
Rules Over: the Dead, the Underworld, Riches
Title: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Male
Symbols: Cerberus, Drinking horn, scepter, Cypress, Narcissus, key
Sacred animals: ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Cronus and Rhea
Roman Name: Pluto
Life of Hades
• Hades ruled the underworld
• He married Persephone
• During the summer and spring months, Persephone
would go and stay with her mother.
• And during the Winter months she would go live with
Hades , and be the queen of the underworld.
• According to Iliad, Hade’s dominion lies between
secret places of the Earth. According to Odyssey, one
must cross Ocean to get there.
• He is also called the God of Wealth because he
possessed all the precious metals of the Earth
• Cerberus was a three-headed dog who guarded his
realm
• Poseidon and Zeus are his brothers
POSEIDON
 GOD OF THE SEA
Name: Poseidon, Poseidon Aegaeus, Poseidon Hippios
Rules Over: Sea, Earthquakes, Storms, and Horses
Title: ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Male
Symbols: Trident, Fish, Dolphin, Horse and Bull
Sacred animals: ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Cronus and Rhea
Roman Name: Neptune
Who is Poseidon?
• He was Zeus's brother, and he was the god of the
sea and also earthquakes. He often is shown
with a three-pronged spear called a trident that
was made for him by his nephew, Hephaestus.
• He is also the god of Storms and Horses and
considered as one of the bad-tempered, moody
and greedy Olympian God. He is known to be
vengeful when insulted.
Facts About Poseidon
• He wielded the trident or three-pronged spear, and
this image of him is reflected in art
• Poseidon could strike the ground with his trident to
produced an earthquake. He was called “Earth-
shaker”
• Poseidon was moody by nature. His temperament
was unstable at its best, and his emotional
fluctuations often results in violence
• His primary means of transportation was a chariot
pulled by horses.
H H
E E
R R
A A
 GODDESS OF MARRIAGE
Name: Hera
Rules Over: Marriage, Women, Birth, the Heavens
Title: Queen of Heaven
Gender: Female
Symbols: Diadem, Scepter, Pomegranate, Peacock
Sacred animals: Peacock, Cow
Items: Lily (flower)
Parents: Cronus and Rhea
Roman Name: Juno
About Hera
• She sits on the right side of Zeus and is his wife.
• She is the guardian of marriage and was well-loved
by the Greeks; it's kind of sad that she's the goddess
of marriage but her own marriage was so bad.
• She could be tender and loving as well. The peacock
was her symbol. In fact, the circles in a peacock's tail
are said to be the eyes of her 100-eyed servant,
Argus.
• Even before her marriage with Zeus, she ruled
heavens and the Earth. This is one of the reason
why she is referred to as “The Queen of Heaven”
• Even Zeus feared his wife Hera. Hera raised a
storm at sea in order to drive Heracles out of his
course to kill him.
Why is she Dangerous?
• Hera turned Callisto into a bear because Zeus fell
in love with her.
• Hera arranged the death of Semele, another of
Zeus’ mortal conquest, although she did not
directly cause it.
• Hera never forgive Hercules for being Zeus’ son,
but when he died and was taken to heaven, he
and Hera reconciled.
AT H E NA
 GODDESS OF WISDOM AND WAR
Name: Athena, Athene, Pallas Athena, Pallas Athene
Rules Over: Wisdom and War
Title: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Female
Symbols: Owls, Olive trees, Snakes, Aegis, Armor, Helmets, Spears,
Gorgoneion
Sacred animals: Owl
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Metis; Metis and Zeus; Zeus
Roman Name: Minerva
Athena and her Story
• Athena, or Minerva, the daughter who sprang fully formed from the
head of Zeus after a major headache.
• She is the goddess of wisdom and war and also the protector and
namesake of the city of Athens. She preferred reason to violence
unless she was pushed.
• She turned Arachne into a spider for bragging that she could spin
better than Athena. She was very competitive and is often pictured
with her helmet and a spear.
• She carried Zeus's shield, called the aegis. The owl was her bird.
• She is the goddess of wisdom, courage, inspiration, civilization, law,
justice, strategic warfare, Mathematics, strength, strategy, arts, crafts
and skill.
• Athena was born from Zeus after he experienced migraine and she
sprang fully grown from his forehead.
• She has no mother but one of the most cited stories is that she is the
daughter of Zeus and Metis.
• She is the female counterpart of Ares
• Zeus favorite child
• One of the three Virgin Goddess
APOLLO
 GOD OF THE SUN
Name: Apollo, Aegletes, Phoebus, Phanaeus, Helius
Rules Over: Music, Poetry, Art, Oracles, Archery, Plague, Medicine, Sun,
Light and Knowledge
Title: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: male
Symbols: Lyre, Laurel wreath, Python, Raven, Bow and arrows
Sacred animals: Wolf, Dolphin
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Zeus and Leto
Roman Name: Apollo
About Apollo (ARTEMIS’ TWIN)
• Apollo was a twin. He was the god of the sun or
light, poetry, music and medicine and was famous
for his oracles.
• He was very proud and also protective of his mother
and sister. His symbols were the gold bow and
arrows, and he often appears golden and shining.
• He wears a laurel wreath in memory of Daphne, who
didn't want to be his lover and prayed to Mother
Earth for help escaping him; she was turned into a
laurel tree.
• Son of Zeus and Titan Leto.
• Apollo is the ideal of kouros, an athletic youthful
appearance.
• Both medicine and healing are associated with
Apollo but he could also bring ill healthy and deadly
plague.
• Hermes created a lyre (instrument) for Apollo. When
hymns were sung to Apollo they were called paeans.
• According to Homer’s Illiad, Apollo infected Greek
encampment with a plague and aided Paris in killing
Achilles.
ARTEMIS
 GODDESS OF HUNTING
Name: Artemis, Aeginaea, Aetole, Agrotera, Kourotrophos, Locheia,
Cynthia, Amarynthia, Phoebe, Alphaea, Alpheaea, Alpheiusa
Rules Over: the Hunt, Forests and Hills, the Moon, Archery
Title: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Female
Symbols: Bow, Arrows, Stags, Hunting dog and moon
Sacred animals: Deer
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Zeus and Leto
Roman Name: Diana
About Artemis (APOLLO’s TWIN)
• Artemis was Apollo's twin. Her Roman name was
Diana, and she was the goddess of hunting,
chastity and the moon. She protects women and
small children, is fiercely independent and
particularly dislikes men. In pictures, she is seen
accompanied by three hunting hounds, a bow
and a fawn.
• She was also known as the goddess of wild
animals, wilderness, childbirth and virginity.
Protector of the children and brings relieved to
deceased women. She is depicted with bow and
arrow.
• Orion was her hunting companion that won her
heart but was accidentally killed by herself or
Gaia.
• Artemis is one of the virgin goddess
A A
R R
E E
S S
 GOD OF WAR
Name: Ares, Areios
Rules Over: War
Title: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Male
Symbols: Spear, Helmet, Dog, Chariot, Boar, Vulture, Flaming torch
Sacred animals: Dog
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Zeus and Hera
Roman Name: Mars
Ares the God of War
• Ares or, as he is known by his Roman name,
Mars, was the god of war. He would fight on
both sides, if possible. He was young, strong and
handsome, and liked to dress in battle clothes
even when he wasn't fighting.
• Ares represents violent and physical untamed
aspect of war, which is contrast to Athena.
• Although Ares posses the physical condition in
war, Greeks were still doubtful on him because
he was dangerous, overwhelming force that was
insatiable in battle.
• He is well known lover of Aphrodite
HEPHAESTUS
 GOD OF FIRE AND THE FORGE
Name: Hephaestus, Amphigúeis, Kullopodíōn, Khalkeús, Klutotékhnēs,
Polúmētis, Aitnaîos
Rules Over: Fire, Metalworking, Stone Masonry, Forges and the Art of Sculpture.
Title: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Male
Symbols: Hammer, Anvil, Tongs, and/or Quail
Sacred animals: -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Hera and Zeus, or Hera alone
Roman Name: Vulcan
THE BLACKSMITH
• Hephaestus, or Vulcan, was born lame and was
further crippled when he was thrown from
Olympus by his mother, Hera, in a rage. He was
the only Olympian with a disability. He was
unhappily married to Aphrodite and worked as a
blacksmith in the gods' forge.
• God of Fire, metal working, stone masonry,
forges and the art of sculpture.
• The son of Zeus and Hera that was married to
Aphrodite by Zeus to prevent a war of the Gods
fighting for her hand.
• He makes all the weaponry of Olympus and
acting as a blacksmith for the gods.
• He is similar to Athena in his giving skill and help
to mortals, in his case, artist.
• He was the only one among perfectly beautiful
immortals.
• He was born deformed and was cast out of heaven
by one or both of his parents when they noticed that
he was imperfect.
• His forge or workshop is located under a volcano.
And the work causes frequent eruptions.
• He manufactured the aegis that Athena is known for
carrying.
• The arrows of cupid were made by Hephaestus.
APHRODITE
 GODDESS OF LOVE AND BEAUTY
Name: Aphrodite, Acidalia, Cytherea, Cerigo
Rules Over: Love, Beauty, Pleasure, Procreation
Title: Lady of Cythera or Lady of Cyprus
Gender: Female
Symbols: Dolphin, Rose, Scallop Shell, Myrtle, Dove, Sparrow, Girdle,
Mirror, and Swan
Sacred animals: Dove
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Uranus, or Zeus and Dione
Roman Name: Venus
A Face Could Launch a Thousand Ships
• Hephaestus's wife, Aphrodite, whose Roman
name was Venus, was the goddess of love and
beauty. She was born out of sea foam when the
blood of Uranus dropped into the ocean.
• Her symbol was a cestus, or magic belt, that
made everyone fall in love with the wearer;
sometimes she would lend it to humans.
• Many Gods believed that her beauty was such
that their rivalry over her would spark a war of
the gods. Because of this, Zeus married
Aphrodite to Hephaestus – he was not a threat
because of his ugliness.
DIONYSUS
 GOD OF WINE
Name: Dionysus, Acratophorus, Acroreites, Adoneus, Aegobolus, Aesymnetes,
Rules Over: Grape Harvest, Winemaking and Wine, of Ritual Madness, Religious
Ecstasy and Theatre
Title: Lady of Cythera or Lady of Cyprus
Gender: Male
Symbols: Thyrsus, Grapevine, Leopard Skin, Panther, Cheetah
Sacred animals: -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Zeus and Semele
Roman Name: Bacchus, Liber
A Sweet Toast
• Dionysus was the partier of the mountain retreat. He
was Zeus's son by another woman, who was driven
crazy by Hera and her jealousy.
• Dionysus went all around teaching people how to
make wine and having a good time. Eventually,
Hestia gave up her throne for him, and he lived on
Olympus.
• He was the god of wine, of course, and also
vegetation.
• He was one of the Olympians, although he was
the last to arrive, and his unusual birth and
upbringing marked him as an outsider.
• He is the only Olympian whose mother is a
mortal
HERMES
 GOD SCIENCE AND INVENTION
Name: Hermes, Kriophoros, Argeiphontes
Rules Over: Trade, Thieves, Travelers, Sports, Athletes, Border Crossings
Title: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Male
Symbols: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Sacred animals: -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Zeus and Maia
Roman Name: Mercury
GOD OF SPEED
• Hermes, or Mercury, was the god of science and
invention, but he is best known as the
messenger of the gods.
• He is often pictured with a winged helmet and
sandals. He is said to have invented the
alphabet, boxing and gymnastics!
• He is the second youngest Olympian and was the
son of Zeus and Maia.
• Hermes was known to be quick and cunning and had
the ability to freely move between the mortal and
divine worlds.
• His skills had made him a messenger that could help
gods deliver information from one another the
fastest way possible.
• Hermes was considered as a “trickster” due to his
cunning and clever personality.
• He was the only one other than Hades and
Persephone who is allowed to leave the underworld
without a consequence.
DEMETER
 GODDESS OF CROPS AND HARVEST
Name: Demeter, Aganippe, Potnia, Despoina, Thesmophoros
Rules Over: Agriculture, Fertility, Sacred Law and the Harvest
Title: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Female
Symbols: Cornucopia, Wheat, Torch, Bread
Sacred animals: -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Cronus and Rhea
Roman Name: Ceres
BOUNTIFUL LIFE
• Demeter was the goddess of the crops and the harvest.
• Her symbols include a torch, a crown, a scepter and stalks
of grain. She is often portrayed with her daughter,
Persephone. By the time she was rescued, she'd eaten six
pomegranate seeds, so she couldn't escape the
underworld entirely. Her mother was so frantic that
winter draped the land and no crops would grow. A deal
was struck, and Persephone was allowed to return to her
mother for half of the year. So each year, when she
returns to the underworld, fall comes, then winter — but
when she returns to her mother, spring and summer
come again.
• Her virgin daughter Persephone was abducted
by the god of the underworld.
• Pre-occupied with loss and grief, the seasons
halted and living things stopped growing and
died.
• Hades agreed to Persephone’s relief but gave her
a pomegranate as she left. She must bound to
him for one third of the year, either dry
Mediterranean summer, when plant life is
threatened by drought, or the autumn and
winter.
HESTIA
GODDESS OF HEARTH AND DOMESTIC LIFE
Name: Hestia
Rules Over: The Hearth, Home, Architecture, Domesticity, Family, and the
State
Title: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Gender: Female
Symbols: The hearth and its fire
Sacred animals: -------------------------------------------------------------------------
Items: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Parents: Cronus and Rhea
Roman Name: Vesta
HESTIA’s LIFE
• Hestia was Zeus's sister and the goddess and
protectress of hearth and home. She is also known by
her Roman name, Vesta.
• She was gentle and kind and was very popular with
the Greeks. She didn't have a lot of adventures, so
she's rarely pictured in art.
• She was one of the three virgin goddess
• She was the first child that was swallowed by
Cronus
• Among all the gods and goddesses, she was
considered to be the most gentle and mildest.
• Colorless character.
Adventure Time: 1 whole
Select one representative from each table. Excluding Zeus and
Hades, the representatives must select three(3) characters from
Greek Mythology and fill up the table below:

NOTE: no table shall have the same characters or else the work will not be credited

After filling up the table, the group must choose one of their
characters and provide a short impersonation about it.
NOTE: The last table to submit their work will be the first presentor
 QUIZ
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