CORRECTION, PLEASE

Bergaño has taken us back to the words in their

original forms, before the centuries altered them.

 Auo, or cauo, “thirst;” mauo, “thirsty;”

notice how we mispronounce them today as aua,
caua and maua.

 Uias or uyas, “to wash;” manuias, “to wash

oneself;” we mispronounce these words today as
uwas and manuwas or manós.
 Libad, today referring to a religious procession on
water, like what they do in Apalit, Sasmuan and
Macabebe.

 It is defined in Bergaño’s dictionary as “a man

dancing with or around a woman” or “birds
fluttering around each other.”

 Eventually the word libad applied not just to the

dancers during the procession but to the entire
procession.
 Cural, “grime or dirt on the face or body” or curul,
“brave and invincible warrior who runs away or
retreats.”

 Payungpayungan is our word for mushroom

today, but our ancestors used the term
payungdaguis (literally, “a mouse’s umbrella”).

 Pamamupul, the word we use for harvest, has its

root in pupul, “to gather or harvest fruits;” it does
not refer to harvesting grains.
 Our ancestors used the word palagpag, “to reap
the pále, like we would say of the grapes, to gather
vintage;” papalagpag, “the time of harvest.”

 Putó (diphthong, putao), “a thing short of

measure, like a dress, cord, rope, wood; less than
or farther from where it should reach;” today it has
been corrupted to kutó.

 Saclolo, which today means help, originally had a

more specific meaning: “to lift up, using the arms,
like lifting a sick person, or a wounded fellow
soldier, in order to help him ford a river or cross a
stream.”
 Ulimao, similar to the Tagalog halimaw (monster),
meant “lion.” Gagdia is “elephant.”

 Calicubac, “dandruff,” mispronounced today as

balicubac.

 Salapsap, “prick, tine, thorn or arrow that pierces

superficially between the skin and the flesh, in such
a way that it is still visible for it has not penetrated
or pierced deeply;” corrupted today as salubsub.
 Alangalang today means “for the
sake of,” as in “Alangalang cang
Pedro.”

 However, in the past it meant

“You don’t think” or “Don’t tell
me” as in Alangalang quing biasa
ca cacu, “You don’t suppose you
are more intelligent than I am, do
you?”

ALANG ILANG, now

 Today Kapampangans use known as ILANG-ILANG.
alangan naman which is
borrowed from Tagalog.
 Anino (diphthong,
aninao), “shadow” but
it can also mean “image
reflected in the mirror
or on the water; what is
perceived in the
manner of aninag, but
with greater clarity.”
 Pindang, “dried
beef, jerked beef;
by substitution, it is
venison.” Bergaño
clarifies that it is
called thus “not
because it is salted,
but because it is
sliced extensively in
thin long pieces;”
 Alubebe (diphthong,
alubebay), which we
use to mean the dark,
salty fish sauce, actually
referred to the “small
fish, like small sardines”
used in making the
sauce. Thus, strictly
speaking, alubebe is
not the sauce, but the
fish in it.
 Sangag, “a certain
mixture of salt and earth
used to bring out the
luster of gold;” the
Tagalog sangag is sanglé
in Kapampangan, “to
roast, to toast, like the
cacao or corn kernels”
which, by the way, is
different from the
English fried rice, which
is fried, not toasted.
 Anyaya, to invite (in Tagalog);in Kapampangan, it
means “to betray;” agcat is Kapampangan for
invite.

 Bicti, not bigti, “to choke or strangle another by

squeezing around his neck with your hands or rope/
cord.

 magbicti,”to kill oneself by looping rope around

neck.”
 Alamag, “mold, moldiness due to humidity;”
mialamagan, “to become moldy;” today we use amag,
which is a Tagalog word.

 Bagua, “spider;” balebagua, “spiderweb;” today,

babagua.

 Bangil, “tusk or canine tooth of a wild boar;” today,

pangil.

 Catiqui, “to cause one to laugh by tickling him;” yet

Kapampangans today keep using the Tagalog word
kiliti.
 Batis, “stream,
brook” but it also
means “the place (not
water) through which
the brook runs” and
“the path or trail
where deer, carabaos
usually trod” as in
batis usa.
 Bidso, “almost, nearly;” today, mispronounced as
bigsu, sometimes digsu.., “toasted rice or corn
kernels;” today, balitug.

 Danglé (diphthong, danglay), “to clear a field of

grass or remove the sucal or overgrowth;” and from
this the word maranglé or meranglé, “cleared field”
although today it means rice field.
 Duyi, “spine of fish” or “fishbone;” today,
mispronounced as dui or duwi.

 Uagni, “to raise a great cry of victory;” today we

use the Tagalog word wagi.

 Gubat, “a cleared land,” or “plain meadow,” or

“flat field” but not forest, as we understand the
word today; cagubatan, “place of wide meadows.”
 Gamut, which we understand to mean medicine,
originally meant “herb used in witchcraft;”

 guemutan, “to bewitch” or “to harm by witchcraft.”

 Ebon, “egg of fowls” but it also meant “suckling of

quadrupeds like cows , sheep, etc.”

 Iyi , “urine;” today, it has become imi , and the reason

we now say mi, mimi and mini is that the verb forms of
iyi are miyi , mimiyi , and miniyi ; we simply dropped
the last syllable.
 Malâ , “ miracl e , ” magmalâ, “to work wonders”
and “to make miracles;” today we borrow the
Tagalog himala.
 Pangsa, “the sitting of fowls or birds on their eggs
to hatch them;” pipangsan , “the shells left over by
the hatching ; ” lukub today.
 Pitnga, “to cut in the middle, to make two halves;”
capitnga, “the half, or the middle;” today we say
pitna because it is not as difficult to pronounce as
pitnga.
 Capitngan bengi, “midnight;” today, we say
capitangan bengi, which is worse than capitnang
bengi because capitangan does not make sense.
 • Sumbia, “a swinging cradle
 Silimsilim, “the or hammock, where they
time of Angelus; place a child, instead of the
dusk, twilight;” usual cradle;” duyan today.
sisilim today.

 Siput,
“uncircumcised;”
suput today.
 Taila, “lullaby;” tumaila is the verb form, “to sing a
lullaby;” today, however, they use tumaila as a
noun.

 Talicala, “chain;” tanicala today.

 Tanling, “voice of a soprano or treble;” today, they

say tarling.

 Teuagan, “Godfather,” from the root word tauag;

maneuagan (manewagan), “to seek a patron;”
today, it is mispronounced as tegauan and
(manegawan).
 Taul, “to call in a loud voice;” today it refers to a
dog’s bark.

• Terac , “dance” but Bergaño is quick to add that

both the noun and the verb forms applied only to
men; the reference to the traditional Kapampangan
dance kuraldal is shown in Bergaño’s explanation
that terac was done for health and during fiesta.

• Kuraldal held during town fiestas in Pampanga,

men dancers outnumber women dancers, and they
shout “Puera sakit!” (Away with ailments!) when
they dance. Talaterac is “a fine dancer, male
dancer.”
 Tugut, which today means “stop” or “desist”
(Patugut ka!), meant “to loosen what is tight” and
idiomatically, “to condescend” and “to concede
what is being asked for” as in Tumugut e ya ume
queti? “Why not let him come here?” Surely he will
come, for he needs it.
Tunggaldit, “a little for each one;” this is a
compound of two words, tunggal (one) and dit
(little), which is a synonym of ditac; tunggalan
mong dit, “give each one a little piece;” today we
say tunggalditac, and we never use dit anymore.

Ulap, which we use today to mean cloud, actually

referred to “mist” or “drizzle;” the old
Kapampangan word for cloud is
(which is also the word used for “some wide leaves
used for itching;” bigá, on the other hand, is “a
plant whose leaves are useful for medicine”.
• Timba, “a bomboo or
wooden pole used as an
implement for drawing
water out of a well” and
not the pail attached to
it, as we say today.
• Tione (diphthong, • Paritaan, “kitchen oil
tionay), “a sliver or lamp, with many tubes
thorn that remains for wicks;” a Tagalog
within the skin or word, Bergaño adds;
flesh;” today we use today we shortcut it to
the word salubsub; the paritan.
tool we use to remove
a tione is a tiane
(nipper).
Thank you !!!