INTRODUCTION

TO
RESEARCH
Preview:
• Differences between RESEARCH and INQUIRY
• Aims of RESEARCH (why research?)
• Dos and Don’ts in making a Research
• Types of RESEARCH
RESEARCH INQUIRY
 VENN DIAGRAM
RESEARCH INQUIRY

• Learning
• Scientific and Process • Mere Questioning
systematic
• Problem
Solving
• Aim is to come up • Usually oral
with a Solution • Collecting of
Data
• Active
• Long-term • Short-term
CHARACTERISTICS OF RESEARCH
1. Accuracy 4. Relevance

2. Objectiveness 5. Clarity

3. Timeliness 6. Systematic
 AIMS of RESEARCH
Why do we do it?

• To gain familiarity with a phenomenon or to

achieve new insights into it.
• To portray accurately the characteristics of a
particular individual, situation or a group.
• To determine the frequency with which
something occurs or with which it is
associated with something else.
• To test a hypothesis of a causal relationship
between variables.
 TYPES of RESEARCH
Based on Based on Based on Types
Application of Purpose of of Data Needed
Research Method the Research

• Descriptive
Research
• Pure Research • Correlational
• Qualitative
• Applied Research Research
Research • Explanatory • Quantitative
Research Research
• Exploratory
Research
• Action Research
 TYPES of RESEARCH
Based on Based on Based on Types
Application of Purpose of of Data Needed
Research Method the Research

• Descriptive
Research
• Pure Research • Correlational
• Qualitative
• Applied Research Research
• Quantitative
Research • • Causal-comparative
Explanatory
Research
Research
Research
• • Experimental
Exploratory
Research
research
• Action Research
 Dos and Don’ts in Doing Research
Be Honest
• Avoid plagiarism

• Use proper citation

• Learn how to paraphrase.

• Avoid references
that are not credible.

• Mind your grammar.

 TOPIC: Adverse Effects of Teenage
Pregnancy
An excerpt from Ann’s Work:

Recent studies have suggested that

teenage pregnancies are not as
hazardous as thought to be earlier.
TOPIC: Effects of Teenage Pregnancy
Ann’s Source:
 TOPIC: The Relationship Between
Cyberbullying and a Student’s
Performance at School.
Matt’s research:

Cyberbullying or cyberharassment is a form

of bullying or harassment using electronic forms of contact.
Cyberbullying has become increasingly common, especially among
teenagers.[1] Harmful bullying behavior can include posting rumors
about a person, threats, sexual remarks, disclose victims' personal
information, or pejorative labels (i.e., hate speech).[2] Bullying or
harassment can be identified by repeated behavior and an intent to
harm.[3] Victims may have lower self-esteem, increased suicidal
ideation, and a variety of emotional responses, retaliating, being
scared, frustrated, angry, and depressed.[4] Individuals have reported
that cyberbullying can be more harmful than traditional bullying.[5]
 TOPIC: A Father’s Role in the Social
Development of a Child
Maricris’s research:

According to my Nanay Gloria, a father doesn’t

really contribute to the social development of a
child. “Yan ngang ama mo e walang matinong
naidulot sa buhay natin!” she added.
TOPIC: The Effects of Excessive Use of
Gadgets to a Student’s Performance at
School
Lucia found this online:
Recent data from UCLA’s Higher Education Research
Institute provides useful information about video
game usage on college campuses. The data show
that most college students have played video
games, many play them regularly, and a small
percentage use them as a primary means of
entertainment and leisure. In the 2009 Freshman
Survey, around 1% of respondents admitted to
playing over 20 hours of videogames per week.
Over 35% of the respondents stated that they play
at least one hour per week.
Lucia’s work:

According to Craton (2011), a recent study by

UCLA’s Higher Education Research Institute state
that most college students have already played a
video game at least once in their lives. In
addition, many plays video games on a regular
basis, and a small percentage of the students
uses video games as they primary source of
entertainment.
 2 Types of Research
1. Qualitative Research

2. Quantitative Research
 Homework

• “The Effects of Drugs in a Person’s Brain.”

• “The Relationship Between Drug Abuse and
Mental Illness.”
Resources:
• Kothari, C. R. (2004). Research Methodology Methods and
Techniques. New Delhi: New Age International (P) Ltd.,
Publishers.