HUMAN AND THE ENVIRONMENT

Sand and Limestone

Copper and aluminum
Salt and Silver
ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
 EMISI LINGKUNGAN
Emisi lingkungan adalah aspek negatif dari
aktivitas manusia pada biophysical berkata
dari lingkungan
Mengkhususkan emisi lingkungan yang saat ini
mungkin meliputi beriklim, pencemaran alam,
keaiban lingkungan, berupa sumber-sumbber
alam sumber daya, dsb.
Kebanyakan dari itu tersebut di atas emisi
lingkungan mungkin disebabkan oleh manusia
aktivitas anthropogenic.
Ini dapat digolongkan ke dalam lokal, regional
dan global
 Environmental Issues
• Environmental issues are negative aspects of
human activity on the biophysical state of the
environment
• Major current environmental issues may include
climate change, pollution, environmental
degradation, resource depletion, etc.
• Most of those the aforesaid environmental
issues might be caused by human anthropogenic
activities.
• It can be classified into local, regional and global
• Environmental degradation: Eutrophication, Habitat
destruction, soil erosion, water reservoir crises, etc.
• Pollution: water, soil and air pollution
• Resources over exploitation and Depletion:
Environmentally unfriendly consumer behaviour,
overfishing, injudicious logging and mining
• Waste and Toxin: Household waste, e-waste (see the
supplemen), etc
• Biodiversity lost
• Overpopulation and its unequal distribution
 Daftar dari EMISI
Keaiban lingkungan : Eutrophication, Kebinasaan habitat,
erosi tanah, menyiram crises reservoir, dsb.
Pencemaran alam : air, tanah dan pengotoran udara
Sumber daya terlalu eksploitasi dan Berupa Sumber-
sumbber Alam : Lingkungan perilaku konsumen tak ramah,
overfishing, pengelogan tidak bijaksana dan pekerjaan
tambang
Limbah dan Toksin : Limbah peralatan rumah tangga, e
limbah (lihat supplemen), dsb.
Biodiversitas kehilangan
Kelebihan penduduk dan distribusi berbeda ini
 Local Environmental Issues
• Environmental Degradation; erosion,
landslide, agricultural encroachment,
eutrophication, etc
• Forest Degradation; injudicious forest
exploitation
• Pollution; local pollution
• Waste; household solid waste
 Emisi Lingkungan yang lokal
Keaiban lingkungan; erosi, tanah longsor,
pelanggaran pertanian, eutrophication, dsb.
Keaiban hutan; eksploitasi hutan tidak bijaksana
Pencemaran alam; pencemaran alam lokal
Limbah; limbah padat peralatan rumah tangga
 Large amount of
nutrient brings into the
excessive blooming of
the unwanted plants
Erosion is the process of weathering
and transport of solids materials (for
instance sediment and soil ) and
deposits them elsewhere.
Also known as rubbish, trash,
refuse, garbage, junk) is an
unwanted or useless solid
materials.
• According to Sanchez (1985),
pollution is an overall and or
partially, of the results of human
anthropogenic activities that affect
(directly or indirectly) the every
pattern of the environmental aspects
(physically, chemically or
biologically).
• According to Odum (1990), pollution
can be defined as every
anthropogenic activities that give
result to the substances adding
toward the environment that can be
directly measured and potential to
give impact to the society.
• According to the Indonesia’s Law,
pollution is of anthropogenic
activities of adding foreign
substances into the environment that
reach the threshold of ‘baku mutu’
 polusi
Sesuai dengan Sanchez (1985), pencemaran alam adalah
satu keseluruhan dan atau secara parsial, dari hasil dari
manusia aktivitas anthropogenic pengaruh itu (secara
langsung atau secara tidak langsung) pola bilang dari aspek
lingkungan (secara fisik, secara kimiawi atau secara
biologic).
Sesuai dengan Odum (1990), pencemaran alam dapat
didefinisikan sebagai aktivitas anthropogenic bilang yang
beri hasil ke unsur menambahkan ke arah lingkungan yang
secara langsung terukur dan potensial untuk memberikan
dampak ke masyarakat.
Sesuai dengan Hukumnya Indonesia, pencemaran alam dari
aktivitas anthropogenic untuk menambahkan unsur asing
ke dalam lingkungan jangkauan itu ambang pintu dari ‘
baku mutu ’
• This includes the permanent
pollution and temporary
pollution
• According to the causative
agents : Domestic pollution,
Industrial pollution, Natural
pollution (up-welling, down-
welling), etc.
• According to the medium of
pollution : Air pollution, Water
pollution, Soil pollution.
 polusi
Ini meliputi pencemaran alam permanen dan
pencemaran alam perkiraan nominal
Sesuai dengan agen yang menyebabkan:
Pencemaran alam domestik, Pencemaran alam
industri, Pencemaran alam alami (taiki welling,
putuskan welling), dsb.
Sesuai dengan sarana dari pencemaran alam:
Pengotoran udara, Polusi air, Pencemaran alam
tanah.
 Regional Environmental Issues
• Major Environmental Issues in the Asia/Pacific
Region include:
– Land Degradation
– Loss of Biodiversity
– Pollution
– Regional environmental change e.g. acid rain
– Waste
Emisi Lingkungan yang regional
Khususkan Emisi Lingkungan pada
Asia / daerah Tenang termasuk:
Keaiban darat
Rugi dari Biodiversitas
Pencemaran alam
Perubahan lingkungan yang regional
misalnya hujan asam
Limbah
 Acid Rain
• The burning of fossil fuels leads to atmospheric
emissions of NOx and SO2
• These gases react with water and oxygen to make
sulfuric and nitric acids. Sunlight increases the rate
of these reactions
• Rain, snow and fog can be polluted with these
acidic compounds, which is then deposited at the
earths surface
• The deposition of acids can:
– Damage forests and soils
– Causes acidification of lakes and other water
bodies
– Disturb wildlife
– Cause the decay of building and other structures
– Impact on human health
 Hujan turun
Pembakaran dari pimpinan bahan bakar fosil ke pemancaran atmosfer
dari Tidak Ada x dan demikian 2
Gas ini bereaksi dengan air dan oksigen untuk membuat sulfuric dan asam
sendawa. Cahaya matahari meningkat rate dari reaksi ini
Hujan, salju dan kabut dapat dikotori dengan senyawa keasam-asaman
ini, yang kemudian adalah deposited di permukaan bumi
Pemecatan dari asam dapat:
Rusakkan hutan dan tanah
Sebabkan acidification dari danau dan tubuh air lain
Ganggu kehidupan rimba
Sebabkan pelapukan dari bangunan dan struktur lain
Dampak pada kesehatan manusia
 Land Degradation
• Many Asian nations, particularly India, China,
Afghanistan and Mongolia are facing the challenges
of desertification
• Desertification in these areas is caused by:
– Overgrazing
– Overploughing
– Vegetation removal
• These problems continue to intensify as human and
livestock numbers continue to increase
 Loss of Biodiversity
• The region has a great diversity of birds, with over
27% of all globally known species found in the area
• However, one in eight species in the region is globally
threatened
• The major threats include habitat destruction and
over exploitation
• It is believed that 323 bird species are at risk of
extinction over the next 100 years
Menteng (Baccaurea racemosa)

Kemang (Mangifera caesia)

Sentul (Sandoricum koetjape)

Lobi-lobi (Flacourtia inermis)

 Of Solutions: Air Pollution

• Many nations have implemented new emission

standards aimed at reducing atmospheric suspended
matter, primarily in the motor vehicle sector
 Waste Disposal
• Waste disposal methods include:
– Open dumping and landfill
– Ocean dumping
– Exporting waste
– Waste to energy plants
• Minimizing the waste stream:
– 3R’s: reduce, reuse, recycle
– Composting
– Waste to energy
• Hazardous waste disposal
– Needs to be safely handled and disposed of to minimize threats to the
environment and human health
 List Of Global Environmental Issues
l

• Global Warming
• Ozone Layer Depletion
• Deforestation
• Loss of Biodiversity
• Water Crises
• Desertification
• Global warming, global dimming
• Global resources depletion
• Climate change
• Poverty and inequality
• Global biodiversity lost
• Ozone depletion
 Global Warming
• Greenhouse gases help to
maintain the earth’s temperature
at a level suitable to support life
• Human activities are increasing
the amount of greenhouse gases
• is the rising average in the atmosphere, which cause
more heat to be trapped
temperature of • Predicted effects of global
Earth's atmosphere warming include:
– Higher sea levels
and oceans – Higher temperatures
– Variable climatic conditions
– These changes are expected
to cause a significant impact
on agriculture and ecosystems
 Overcoming Global Warming
• Controlling people
behavior to use fossil
fuel in a judicious
manner
• Controlling deforestation
and performing
reforestation
• Enhancing the use of
sustainable energy
• Governmental Incentive
trough policy
Investment in Renewable Energy in China
 Ozone Layer Depletion
• The ozone layer protects the earth
from harmful ultraviolet (UV) light
• The use of chlorofluorocarbons
(CFCs) and other ozone depleting
substances as refrigerants, solvents
and insulation is destroying the
ozone layer
• A ‘hole’ is observed over Antarctica
every autumn
• Depleted ozone levels cause the
following impacts:
– Increased penetration of UV light to
earth
– Increased risks of skin cancer and eye
diseases
– Damage to agricultural crops
– Disruption to marine food chains
 Deforestation
• The deforestation of tropical rainforests is a
major global problem-each year millions of
hectares are lost
• Deforestation rates in some countries
continue to increase despite worldwide
pressures
• Rainforests are destroyed for wood products,
and to make way for agricultural activities,
mining and dams
• The impacts of deforestation include:
– Loss of livelihood for local inhabitants
– Variable environmental conditions (susceptibility
to flood, aggravated droughts, soil erosion etc)
– Loss of biodiversity and disturbance to
ecosystems
– Loss of carbon sink
 Loss of Biodiversity
• Biodiversity is important for food,
drugs, maintaining ecological
stability, aesthetic and cultural
benefits
• Natural causes and human activity
can threaten biodiversity
• The loss of biodiversity means
ecosystems are destabilized, vital
resources are lost and genetic
variation is reduced
 Desertification
• Removing ground cover and degrading fertile land
initiates desertification
• Water washes away nutrients, the land becomes
inhospitable
• The process is accelerated by expanding populations
and the need to overuse fragile areas of land
 Environmental Management
• Those the aforesaid environmental issues are seriously
burden the ecosystems and finances world-wide
• Administrations, commercial organizations and individuals are
affected by environmental change and its associated dangers,
long-term effects and liabilities
• Both legislative obligations and voluntary mechanisms can
address the environment and to integrate it into the
mainstream of business activity
• Consequently, environmental management is a crucial part of
all organization's operations
• Three major acceptable things that
are strongly related to particular
environmental issues:
- Related to the demographic
issues
- Related to the economic growth
- Related to the engagement of
inappropriate modern
technologies
• Population growth as it is
checked by ecological
concept of carrying capacity
• Human resources and all of
its attributes
• Unequal distribution of the
world’s human population
• Economic value of given natural resource is placed over the
ecological value
• Profit oriented of economic development.
• Will the world be able to sustain economic growth indefinitely
without running into resource constraints or despoiling the
environment beyond repair?
Change your attitudes !!
Many Thanks