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STS: PHILIPPINE HISTORY

Historical background of S & T in the Philippines


 Pre-Spanish Period
 Spanish Colonial Period
 American Period and Post-Commonwealth Era
 Marcos Era
 Fifth Republic
Pre-Spanish Period
 Few written information on society, culture and technology before Spanish
arrived.
 Archeology showed that the modern man from Asian mainland and live in Batangas
and Palawan (48, 00B.C.)
 Tools and weapons of stone flakes.Developed new skills like sawing and polishing
stones.
 3000 B.C. produce adzes ornament of seashells and pottery for 2000 years, then
competition with Chinese porcelains.
 Use metal as tools, Iron Age on the 3 rd century to 11 th century- involves
mining(copper, gold, bronze iron.
 Engaged in weaving, shipbuilding, mining and farming- leading to Banaue Rice
terraces.
 Plank-built warship called caracoa for inter-island trade.
 Trading relationship between Philippines, China and Vietnam.
Before
There Spaniards
are many thingscame,
we do Fil. knowsabout
not want curative valuesLet
the world. ofus
plants, extract
not just mourn the
them.
Letmedicine,
us change them.
alphabet, counting
Ferdinand methods, weights, measurement system calendar
Marcos
Spanish Colonial Period
 Contributed to the growth of S & T.
 Introduced formal education and scientific institution.
 Parish schools taught religion, reading, writing, arithmetic and music.
 Advanced methods in agriculture.
 Established colleges and universities.(UST-oldest university in Asia)
 Construction of gov’t establishments, churches, roads, bridges and forts.
 Biology was highlighted. Botanists, chemists and medical scholars gave contribution to the field
of science.
 Galleon trade have a big impact in the economic growth.
 Suez Canal was built to visit Europe and Fil. – improvement of scientific ideals- Age of
Enlightenment.
American Period and Post-Commonwealth Era
 Bureau of Government Laboratories- July 1, 1901 by Phil. Commision- study tropical diseases
and laboratory projects.
 Bureau of science in 1905- primary research center.
 National Research Council of the Philippines- Dec. 8, 1933
 Science was inclined in agriculture, food processing, forestry medicine and pharmacy.
 Institute of Science in 1946.
 US Economy survey in 1950, Phil. Problem( lack of basic information, no support, minimal budget
and low compensation.)
 The Science Act of 1958 – regimen of Carlos P. Garcia , establish the National Science
Development Board.
Marcos Era
 In 1973, Phil. Constitution, priority in advancement of science and technology.
 In 1968, technology – top reason in economic development.Extra fund to support projects in applied
science and science education.
 In 1969, allotted large amount of war damage funds to private universities – focus on science, technology
and research.
 In 1970, upgrading the science curriculum and teaching equipment.
 P.D. No. 49, series of 1972 as support for promoting the scientific research and invention.
 Establishment of PAGASA- to give environmental protection and to utilize scientific knowledge to ensure
safety of the nation.
 In 1976, established the National Academy of Science and technology.
 In 1986, established the PSHS in Visayas and Mindanao. To encourage the youth to choose a career in
science and technology
Fifth Republic
 In 1986, Corazon Aquino term.
 Replaced the national Science and Technology Authority to Department of Science and
Technology(DOST).
 In 1987-1992- role of S&T was highlighted.
 In 1990, SONA of Pres. Aquino - S&T shld be the top three priorities.
 In July 1992, Pres. Ramos in SONA, S & T improvements.
 In 1994, SONA increase in people who specialized S&T.
 In 1998, estimated 3000 competent scientists and engineers.
 In 1997, RA 8439 “ Magna Carta” for S & T personnel. This gives incentives & rewards
to people who excel in S & T.
 In 1998, Pres. Estrada, Internet was pushed to schools & industry.
 Term of Gloria reached S & T its golden age.
 R.A. 9367 “Biofuels Act”, promotes the development and usage of biofuels in the
country.
 In 2014, Pres. B. Aquino, honors four scientists towards advancement of S & T.

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