Spanish Colonial

period
(1521-1898)
Western Ballet would also find it’s way to
the Philippines with the coming of the next
waves of colonials. Popular American Music
and Dances and that were trendy in united
states during this period such as Jazz also
found a place in Philippine music and dance.
Popular American entertainment forms would
find a captive audience in the Philippines
for the next decades. Music genres such as
American bandstand, country music , American
contemporary forms from rock to heavy metal ,
punk and rap music would come to the
Philippines where these were imitated, and
sometimes even appropriated into Tagalog and
other local languages to be enjoyed by new
audience of the Filipinos.
• The integration of folk rituals into catholic traditions
can be seen as another way of inviting they natives to
support the colonial order. Pre- colonial rituals that
celebrated the bounty of the harvest were appropriated
by the roman catholic church in the form of the fiestas
that honor patron saints instead of ANITOS.

• In Lucban, Quezon homes are decorated with colorful rice

wafers called KIPING and formed like chandeliers.
Fruits and vegetables are also displayed as a gesture of
thanks giving to San Isidro Labrador.
Roman Catholic Church

Anitos
Kiping
• We can observe in todays practices that although
unintended by the institution, people tend to regard the
Santos not simply as sculptures or mere objects, but
almost like living beings that need to be dressed and
cared for, touched and paraded as a form of devotion.
During the Lenten season, procession also take place
along with performance such as the Siete Palabras and
the Via Crucis.

• The celebration of Christmas gave rise to the

development of folk decorations such as LANTERNS or
PAROL. It likewise birthed theatrical forms such as
panunuluyan, pastores and tatlong hari which interpreted
biblical narratives pertaining to christ birth.

• As with theater, music produced during the spanish

colonial period found expression outside then church
through religious social gatherings occasioned by the
flores de mayo, pabasa or the sinakulo.
Siete Palabras Via Crucis

Lanterns Panunuluyan
Pastores Tatlong Hari

Flores de mayo Sinakulo

• Painting during the first few centuries of spanish colonization
provided a visual interpretation of bible text central to catholic
devotion. Serving an instructive function, painter Jose Dan’s
Heaven, Earth and Hell mural in paete church, laguna is an
example.

• Image making during the period generally conformed to the

preference of the patron and not just the artist. Indicating that
such relations are at work is the Basi Revolt, a series of 14
paintings by Esteban Villanueva.

• The Reprographic art or printmaking was introduced in the

Philippines as early as the 16th century. Applying the technique
of xylography or woodcut printing. Doctrina Christiana ( the
teaching of Christianity).

• Doctrina is the first printed book in the phillipines compiling

song lyrics, commandments, sacraments, and other catechetical
material.
• Aside from prayer booklets called estampas.
 Jose Dan’s Heaven Earth and Hell

Paete Church Basi Revolt

Esteban Villanueva Doctrina Christiana

Doctrina Estampas
• In 1734, the Jesuit priest Fr. Pedro Murillo Velarde
collaborated with homegrown talent's the artist Francisco
Suarez and the engraver Nicolas dela Cruz Bagay to produced
Carta Hydrogaphica y Chorographica delas Yslas Filipinas, the
first scientific map of the Philippines. Surrounding the map
are vignettes of everyday life that focus on the different
types of people and their sorroundings called Tipos Del paes.

• Other known engravers include Laureano Atlas and Felipe Sevilla

who has also produced relegious images. On the other hand , the
development of lithography facilitated the reproduction of
color plates as well as the mass printing of news papers and
periodicals. The Augustinian Botanist Fr.Manuel Blanco
produced an extensive compilation of phillipine plants in flora
de Filipinas in 1878.

• The enlivened trade the commercial ventures also presented to

them the opportunity to study in europe. From this class rose
the Ilustrado or “enlightened” ones.
Fr. Pedro Murillo Velardo Francisco Suarez

Nicolas Dela Cruz Bagay Tepos Del Pais

Carta Hydrogaphica y chorographica delos yslas filipinas

Laureano Atlas
Felipe Sevilla Fr. Manuel Blanco

Marcelo Adonay
• In church, the development of music was largely attributed to the
efforts of pakil-born Marcelo Adonay who was recognize for his
composition based on the nwestern tradirtion of gregorian
chants.in the domestic realm, families tended to their altars
comprised of delicate santos placed in a VIRINA, a bell shaped
glass case. Or urna of artist form visayan region.
• The rise of the new elite would also manifest in town
organization. Among those occupied the plaza complex were the
bahay na bato which housed rich and prominenet families.

• Simon Flores paintings Portrait of the Quiason Family.

• Other renowned miniature painters include Antonio Malantic, Isidro

Arceo, Dionisio de castro and Justiniano Asuncion.
• Attention to detail in painting can also be observe in letras y
figuras.
• Jose Honorato Lozano was a practitioner of this art where the
“tipos del pais” are painstakingly rendered within the graphic
outline of letters spelling out of the name but a closer look
reveals scenes depicting the persons specific circumstance.
Virina Bahay na Bato

Simon Flores Antonio Malantic

 Portrait of the Quiason Family

Isidro Arceo Dionisio de castro

Justiniano Asuncion

Jose Honorato Lozano

Aside from maniaturist painters, acdemic painters gained ground as
they received their art studies in local schools as in the case of
Juan Luna.