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COMMUNICATION
Dr.Mohammed Sharique Ahmed Quadri
Assistant prof. Physiology
Al Maarefa College
INTERCELLULAR COMMUNICATION
• Direct intercellular communication
– Gap junction
– Transient direct linkup of surface markers
• Indirect intercellular communication
– Through extracellular chemical messengers or
signal molecules
• Paracrine
• Neurotransmitters
• Hormones
• Neurohormones
Direct intercellular communication
Direct intercellular communication
differs
• Neurotransmitters
• Hormones
• Neurohormones
–Paracrines
• Local chemical messengers
• Exert effect only on neighboring
cells in immediate environment of
secretion site
–Neurotransmitters
• Short-range chemical messengers
• Diffuse across narrow space to act
locally on adjoining target cell
(another neuron, a muscle, or a
gland)
Hormones
• Long-range messengers
• Secreted into blood by endocrine glands in response to
appropriate signal
• Exert effect on target cells some distance away from
release site
– Neurohormones
• Hormones released into blood by neurosecretory
neurons
• Distributed through blood to distant target cells
Hormones
• Two distinct groups of hormones based on
their solubility properties
– Hydrophilic hormones
• Highly water soluble
• Low lipid solubility
– Lipophilic hormones
• High lipid solubility
• Poorly soluble in water
–Extracellular chemical messengers
bring about cell responses primarily
by signal transduction
Up Regulation of Receptors –
The number of receptors is increased on the target
tissue. This happens when there is less concentration
of ligand in the ECF
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