7 QC Tools

Introduction

• These tools are used for improvement and control of

the quality.

• These tools are simple to learn, easy to apply,

inexpensive and yet yield abundant results.

• Massive training was imparted on these tools in

Japan to the people of various level and discipline.

• Today Japan is number one nation in quality,

productivity and the result growth.
 7 Q.C. Tools

1. Check Sheet
2. Pareto Diagram
3. Cause and Effect Diagram
4. Stratification
5. Histogram
6. Control Charts
7. Scatter Diagram
 Check Sheet
• A Check Sheet is a form on which data may be collected systematically and
recorded in a uniform manner.

• This tool can give the team a clear and objective picture of the facts.
Daily Tool Box Talk
Section: Month:
a
1st 2nd 3rd 4th 5th 6th 7th 8th 9th 10th 11th 12th 13th 14th 1
t
e

h
iA C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A B C A
f
t

C
 Pareto Diagram
• Pareto Diagram is a specialized Bar Chart.
• Showing relative frequency of events or categories in
descending order and indicating incremental impact
on percentage scale.
• The purpose of Pareto Diagram is to segregate the
vital few from trivial many.
• This diagram is named after its inventor an Italian
Economist V. Pareto.

• Why do we use Pareto Diagram?

– When there are several defects it is not possible to
attack all the defects at a time.
– Therefore, it becomes very difficult to decide which
defect should be attacked first.
Product Wise Analysis
 Cause and Effect Diagram

• Cause and Effect Diagram is also known

as Ishikawa Diagram or Fish Bone
Diagram.

• Used to analyze the various possible

causes and to identify the root cause for
the problem.
 CAUSE AND EFFECT DIAGRAMME
MAN MATERIAL ENVIRONMENT
Driers Mixer
Tinterman Pipeline
skills Colour TS of Tinters hygiene
hygiene
Value
Medium MTO Master sample Machine Hygiene
Medium properties
Material Ball mill hygiene
Quantity of
Quantity Powder Quality
Blue pigment
Additives
Powders Quality of steel balls Lower %
completion
Quantity of Steel balls Std shade reading in ASE Ox
Mixer Calibration in CC Blue
Time Viscosity
Tinterman skills
Grinding Flushing composition
Grinding
Std shade reading
Time Zero shot
Viscosity in CC
readings Mixer Calibration
Pigment Quality Mixer Calibration
Dispersion Master Sample used
Steel balls Std shade reading
in CC
Quantity Grinding hours

MACHINE MEASUREMENT METHOD

Graphs

1. Graphs represent data pictorially so that the

overall situation can be understood easily.

2. Graphs are Visual thus making information

easier to understand

3. Used to pick out trends, patterns etc.

4. Used to reveal otherwise hidden facts &

relationship.
 Histogram
• Histogram is a frequency distribution
diagram that displays distribution data.
Need to Histogram
• If we have large number of data say
100, it is very difficult to judge the
variation in the measurement from data.
• Therefore, we arrange the data in the
form of Histogram.
• “The Histogram reveals the distribution
and dispersion in the measurements”.
 Scatter Diagram
• To study the relation of x and y, Scatter
diagram are drawn

• The overall distribution of the pairs can be

read from a scatter diagram
Scatter Diagram
 Stratification
• Classification of data in groups with common
characteristic is called stratification.

• It is very important that a data must be stratified

according to:
• - Individual Operators,
• - By specific machines
• - Lots
• - Assemblies
• - Parts Suppliers
• - Shifts
• To find the root cause of the problem
 Control Chart
• Control Chats are used to assess and
maintain the stability of the process.

• Control Chart indicates whether the

process variation is natural and to be
expected (Chance causes) or due to
special causes (Assignable causes).
 I and MR Chart - Output of Casein Batches
5500
Individuals

UCL=5168
5000
MU=4785
4500 LCL=4402
4000

Observation 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

800
Moving Range

700
600
500 UCL=470.8
400
300
200
100 R=144.1
0 LCL=0.000