LEARNING THEORY

PREPARED BY: FLEUR ELAINE DAYONDON-SUMALPONG, LPT, MAED-BIO

Learning Theory
ADULT LEARNING PRINCIPLES
• THE NEED TO KNOW — WHY DO I NEED TO LEARN IT?
• LEARNER SELF-CONCEPT — RESPONSIBLE FOR OWN DECISIONS/ TREATED AS
CAPABLE OF SELF-DIRECTION
• ROLE OF LEARNERS' EXPERIENCE — OWN EXPERIENCES THE RICHEST
RESOURCE FOR LEARNING
• READINESS TO LEARN — READY TO LEARN THOSE THINGS THEY NEED TO
KNOW IN ORDER TO COPE EFFECTIVELY WITH LIFE SITUATIONS.
• ORIENTATION TO LEARNING — MOTIVATED TO LEARN TO THE EXTENT THAT
THEY PERCEIVE THAT IT WILL HELP THEM PERFORM TASKS THEY CONFRONT IN
THEIR LIFE SITUATIONS.
• MOTIVATION – INTERNAL RATHER THAN EXTERNAL

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WHAT IS….
KNOWLEDGE?

LEARNING?

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WHAT IS LEARNING?
• A PROCESS, OR A PRODUCT?
• A CHANGE IN KNOWLEDGE, BELIEFS, BEHAVIOURS OR ATTITUDES?
• ADAPTABILITY?
 Knowing others

Managing oneself Ability to read the

& one’s own People situation one finds
behaviour oneself in

Control Situations

Knowledge
of ..

Knowing how to Process Practice Patient diagnosis,

do things / go management,
about things assessment …
Conceptual

Theories &
principles held Michael Eraut
 Knowing Knowing
that how
(the what, the facts, (the how)
the who)

Facts Performance
Technical Practical
Formal theories Theories in use
Formal or Tacit
codified knowledge
knowledge
HOW DO PEOPLE LEARN?
BEHAVIOURISM…
STIMULUS/RESPONSE
COGNITIVISM..
THE MIND AS ACTIVE PROCESSOR..
CONSTRUCTIVISM..
THE MIND ACTIVELY CREATING KNOWLEDGE THROUGH EXPERIENCE
HUMANISM..
BEING ALL YOU CAN BE..
QUESTION?
EXERCISE:

WRITE DOWN YOUR THOUGHTS IN RESPONSE TO THE FOLLOWING:

WHAT MOTIVATED OR INSPIRED ME AS A LEARNER WAS………

SHARE WITH NEIGHBOUR

QUESTION?
WRITE DOWN YOUR THOUGHTS IN RESPONSE TO THE FOLLOWING:

WHAT INHIBITED OR DEMOTIVATED ME AS A LEARNER WAS…..

SHARE WITH NEIGHBOUR
WORKPLACE LEARNING
A DYNAMIC INTERACTION….

Teacher Learner

Learning

Experience /
Environment
content
A THOUGHT….
MOVE FROM?;

‘WHAT DO I WANT TO TEACH THEM?’

TO
‘WHO ARE MY LEARNERS?’
‘WHAT DO THEY NEED TO LEARN?’
‘HOW WILL THEY BEST LEARN IT?’

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THE LEARNER MOTIVATION
WHAT MOTIVATES LEARNING?
• "LEARNERS ARE MOTIVATED WITHIN A CONTEXT OF INTERLOCKING REWARDS
AND RELATIONSHIPS, INCENTIVES AND BARRIERS.’ (MANN, 1999)
• ONE OF THE MOST POWERFUL MOTIVATORS IS ASSESSMENT
• THE ‘HIDDEN CURRICULUM’
• INTRINSIC & EXTRINSIC MOTIVATION
THE ENVIRONMENT
DISCUSSION
• WHAT MIGHT THIS MEAN FOR YOUR TEACHING?
• CAN YOU THINK OF EXAMPLES FROM YOUR TEACHING OR LEARNING WHERE
ASPECTS OF THESE WERE AT PLAY?
• DOES IT GIVE YOU ANY THOUGHTS FOR CHANGES TO YOUR TEACHING?
“Learning is the
process whereby
knowledge is
created through
the transformation
of experience”
(Kolb, 1984)

Learning from experience

Experiential learning cycle
Do
(practice)

Apply Review

(plan) (reflect)

Theorise
(interpret)
Learning from experience
SOCIAL LEARNING
SOCRATIC QUESTIONING
SITUATED LEARNING THEORY
• APPRENTICESHIP
• COMMUNITIES OF PRACTICE
• LEGITIMATE PERIPHERAL PARTICIPATION