Chapter 13

The Endocrine System

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Overview of Structures,
Combining Forms, and Functions

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Structures of the Endocrine System

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Adrenal Glands

• Primary Functions
– Regulate electrolyte levels.
– Influence metabolism.
– Respond to stress.

• Related Combining Form

– adren/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Gonads*

• Primary Function
– Regulate development and maintenance of secondary sex
characteristics.

• Related Combining Form

– gonad/o

*Males: testicles (2)

*Females: ovaries (2)

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Pancreatic Islets

• Primary Functions
– Control blood sugar levels and glucose metabolism.

• Related Combining Form

– pancreat/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Parathyroid Glands

• Primary Function
– Regulate calcium levels throughout the body.

• Related Combining Form

– parathyroid/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Pineal Gland

• Primary Function
– Influences the sleep-wakefulness cycle.

• Related Combining Form

– pineal/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Pituitary Gland

• Primary Function
– Secretes hormones that control the activity of the other
endocrine glands.

• Related Combining Forms

– pituit/o, pituitar/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Thymus

• Primary Function
– Plays a major role in the immune reaction.

• Related Combining Form

– thym/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Thyroid Gland

• Primary Functions
– Stimulates metabolism, growth, and the activity of the nervous
system.

• Related Combining Forms

– thyr/o, thyroid/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Animations

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Endocrine System

[Insert Endocrine System animation]

Click to play animation

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Diabetic Retinopathy

[Insert Diabetic Retinopathy animation]

Click to play animation

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Secondary Sex Characteristics

[Insert Secondary Sex Characteristics animation]

Click to play animation

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 The Pancreas

[Insert Pancreas animation]

Click to play animation

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

Answers to Learning Exercises

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Matching Word Parts 1 Matching Word Parts 2

13.1. adren/o 13.6. -ism
13.2. acr/o 13.7. pancreat/o
13.3. gonad/o 13.8. parathyroid/o
13.4. -dipsia 13.9. pineal/o
13.5. crin/o 13.10. pituitar/o

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Matching Word Parts 3 Definitions

13.11. somat/o 13.16. luteinizing
13.12. poly- 13.17. pituitary
13.13. glyc/o 13.18. adrenocorticotropic
13.14. thyroid/o 13.19. thymus
13.15. thym/o 13.20. calcitonin

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Definitions Matching Structures

13.21. adrenal cortex 13.26. pancreatic islets
13.22. glucagon 13.27. pituitary gland
13.23. adrenal medulla 13.28. pineal gland
13.24. oxytocin 13.29. adrenal glands
13.25. testosterone 13.30. thyroid gland

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Which Word? Spelling Counts

13.31. acromegaly 13.36. metabolism
13.32. anterior lobe 13.37. mellitus
13.33. insulin resistance 13.38. myxedema
13.34. diabetes insipidus 13.39. progesterone
13.35. Cushing’s 13.40. thymosin
syndrome

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Abbreviation
Identification Term Selection
13.41. adrenocorticotropic 13.46. hypercrinism
hormone
13.47. hypercalcemia
13.42. antidiuretic hormone
13.43. diabetes mellitus
13.48. parathyroid
13.44. oral glucose 13.49. prolactinoma
tolerance test 13.50. fructosamine
13.45. follicle-stimulating
hormone

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Sentence Completion Word Surgery

13.51. electrolytes 13.56. hyper-, pituitar,
13.52. thyroxine -ism
13.53. retinopathy 13.57. hypo-, glyc, -emia
13.54. polyphagia 13.58. hyper-, insulin,
13.55. exophthalmos -ism
13.59. gynec/o, mast, -ia
13.60. hypo-, calc, -emia

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

True/False Clinical Conditions

13.61. False 13.66. antidiuretic
13.62. True 13.67. polydipsia
13.63. False 13.68. Addison’s disease
13.64. False 13.69. insulinoma
13.65. True 13.70. Hashimoto’s
thyroiditis

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Clinical Conditions Which Is the Correct

13.71. anabolic Medical Term?
13.72. leptin 13.76. neurohormones
13.73. cretinism 13.77. pituitary adenoma
13.74. gigantism 13.78. Graves’
13.75. pancreatectomy 13.79. diabetic coma
13.80. melatonin

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Challenge Word
Building
13.81. adrenopathy 13.86. pancreatotomy
13.82. endocrinology 13.87. thyroidotomy
13.83. adrenomegaly 13.88. pinealopathy
13.84. thymopathy 13.89. insulinemia
13.85. thyroiditis 13.90. adrenitis

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning

 Chapter 13 Answers

Labeling Exercises
13.91. pineal 13.96. pituitary
13.92. parathyroid 13.97. thyroid
13.93. thymus 13.98. adrenal
13.94. ovaries 13.99. pancreatic
13.95. hypothalamus 13.100. testicles

© 2009 Delmar, Cengage Learning