• On a ½ crosswise make a timeline of your

life by identifying 5 key events in your life

that have greatly shaped who are.
• How did those events impact your life ?
• Do you think you have a good idea of who
you are ?
• Do you feel misunderstood by the people ?
 Plato
Socrat St.
es Augusti
ne

Locke Descart
es

Who
are
Freud you ? Kant

Church Ponty
Land

Hume Ryle
Born in Athens and
married with several children
Known as the market philosopher
• There was a Soul first before man’s body
• Man existence was in the realm of ideas and
exists as a soul or pure mind.
• This soul has knowledge by direct intuition and
all these are stored in his mind
• Once a man came to the material world he
forgot most of he knew.
• He was born into an aristocratic Athenian
Family which is involved in the rule of thirty
tyrants.
• Founded an academy
• Dichotomy of the ideal world
MATERIAL WORLD – IS WHAT WE SEE AROUND US
-THIS IS WHER WE LIVE
THE WORLD OF FORMS- IS THE PERMANENT, UNCHANGI
REALITY
• Human beings are composed of two things, a body
and a soul
• The soul is the true-self the permanent, the unchanging
self
• The changing body, however or what we see in the
material world on the hand, is changing-getting older
• The body is seen as some sort of a prison.
• We can free our selves through contemplation
• Contemplation entails communion of the mind
• We continue to exist even in the absence of our bodies
because we are Souls only.
• Self confessed sinner from North Africa
• Became the bishop of Canterburry
• Greatly inspired by Plato
• Abandoned the early Christians faith because he
found it difficult to reconcile a loving , omnipotent ,
omniscient God
• Our world ( world of materials) is the temporary
world
• Our real world is found in the world where there is
permanence and infinity. That is where God is.
• Out of love God created mankind
• Man has an immortal soul whose main pursuit is to
have an everlasting life with God
• Moral law exists and is imposed on the mind.
• There is an Eternal Law / the law of conscience
 – Cogito Ergo Sum
The Father of modern Philosophy
Also a brilliant Mathematician
• Cogito Ergo Sum – (I think, therefore, I am) Emphasizes
the consciousness of his mind which leads to an
evidence of his existence.
• We are a purely thinking being
• The mind is conjoined with the body in such an intimate
way that they are casually act upon each other.
• I am my body and my mind, but this two are still
distinct with each other
• The body is précised structured manner while mind is
allowed to pursue it’s own thoughts.
• The first British Empiricist philosopher
• He is also credited for laying the foundation of human
rights.

HE IS KNOWN AS THE
“FATHER OF CLASSICAL
LIBERALISM BECAUSE
OF HIS CONTRIBUTION
TO THE FORMATION OF
THE HUMAN RIGHTS.
• He included the concept of person’s memory in the
definition of self.
• We are the same person as we were in the past for
as long as we can remember something from the
past.
• Personal identity is explained terms of psychological
connection between life stages in the memory
• The idea is as long as we have overlapping
memories, then I am the same person.
• That memory makes us aware of our existence.
 Born in Scotland
He was a lawyer but known more for the history
That he wrote(History of England)
• Believes in the existence of mind and what’s inside the
mind is divided into two the impression and idea.
• Impression are those things we perceived trough our
senses
• Ideas on the other hand are things that we create in
our minds even though we are no longer experiencing
them.
• He concludes that the self is nothing over and above
the stream of perception we enjoy.
• Self changes
A citizen of Konigsberg, East Prussia
Also considered as one of the Giants in Philosophy
though he stands five feet tall
• He argued that it is possible to find the essence of
ourselves also it is possible to discover the essence of
the world using reasons
• Believes that man is a free agent, capable of making
decisions for himself, capable of making decision for
himself
• His philosophy revolves around the inherent dignity of
human being
• Man is gifted with free will and reason, man can
organize that data gathered by the senses. We can
have a good idea of a man from those data we
gathered
 Conscious and
Unconsious

• Born in Frieberg, Moravia

• A Jewish neurologist who
moves to Vienna
• Father of Psychoanalysis
Works on the center of
mind and its
development

EGO
TRIPARTITE
DIVISION OF
MAN’S MIND
SUPER EGO ID
 EGO – OUR CONSIOUS MIND

SUPER EGO- Represents

the ethical component of ID- Represents man
the personality and biological nature the
provides the moral impulses and the
standard which the ego bodily desires
operates
 • He studied at
Oxford University
• This Englishman
Philosophy centers
on language.
• The mind is not distinct from the body , but
rather refers to certain aspects of our body
• The concept of a human mind expresses the
entire systems of thoughts , emotions , actions ,
and so on that make up the human self
• The mind is not like a specific entity but is
certainly a part of our body
• The only way which we can know how the mind
is working is through their behavior.
• Known for his Eliminative Materialism
• American Professor in the University of California

We do have an organ for

understanding and recognizing
moral facts. It is called THE BRAIN

Brain works for us to understand

how it creates THE SELF
 • French Philosopher is known
for his existentialist philosophy
• This naturally reflects on his
Idea of self.
• A person is defined by virtue of movement and
expression
• To be a self is to be more than one’s body. It includes
all the things that I will do with my body , how I will act
on it .
• Approaches the idea of self as a continuous flow of
movement and expression from infancy to adulthood
• The definition of self is al about one’s perception of
one’s experience and the interpretation of those
experiences.