BUILDER OF A BETTER FUTURE

JR QUALITY CONTROL ENGINEER TRAINING PROGRAM

CHB LAYING
AND
PLASTERING

Presented by:
AILEEN F. RONATAY
JR. QC ENGINEER
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OUTLINE

I. OBJECTIVES
II. COMMON TOOLS USED IN INSPECTION
III. CHB LAYING INSPECTION
IV. PLASTERING
V. CODES AND STANDARDS
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I. OBJECTIVES

• TO IDENTIFY THE REQUIREMENTS / ACTIVITIES NEEDED FOR

INSPECTION
• TO BE KNOWLEDGABLE IN TOLERANCES / ACCEPTANCE
CRITERIA USED IN CHB LAYING AND PLASTERING INSPECTION
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II. COMMON TOOLS USED IN INSPECTION

1. STEEL TAPE (METRO)

2. LEVEL

3. SQUARE (ISKWALA)

4. STRAIGHTEDGE (ALUMINUM BARA)

5. PLUMB BOB (HULOG)

6. NYLON STRING (TANSI)

7. NOTEBOOK AND PENCIL

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III

CHB LAYING
INSPECTION
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CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCK (CHB)

• The widely used masonry materials for all types of construction walls,
partitions, fences, etc. Concrete hollow blocks has three cells and two one-half
cells at both ends having a total of four.
• Common sizes:
• 4” x 8” x 16”
• 6” x 8” x 16”
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CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCK (CHB)

LOAD-BEARING BLOCKS – thickness ranges from 150mm – 200mm and
used to carry load aside from its own weight. The minimum net area
compressive strength required for all three weight classifications is 1900
psi. (ASTM C90 – Standard Specification for Load-Bearing Concrete
Masonry Units)

NON-LOAD-BEARING BLOCKS – thickness ranges from 75mm – 100mm

and intended for walls, partitions, or dividers carrying its own weight. The
minimum requirements for net area compressive strength are at an
average of 600 psi. (ASTM C129 – Standard Specification for Non-Load-
Bearing Concrete Masonry Units)
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• PRE-INSTALLATION
 VERIFY AFC DRAWINGS / FLOOR PLANS
 VERIFY WALL SETTING PLAN
 VERIFY WALL SCHEDULE / WALL TYPE
 VERIFY APPROVED CONSTRUCTION METHODOLOGY
 VERIFY CHB REQUIREMENT IF LOAD BEARING OR NON-LOAD BEARING
 VERIFY STIFFENER COLUMN PROVISION
 VERIFY LOCATION OF OPENINGS / BLOCK-OUTS
 VERIFY TYPE OF CHB FORMATION EITHER RUNNING BOND OR STACKING BOND
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• PRE-INSTALLATION
 VERIFY CONCRETE STRENGTH REQUIREMENTS
 REBARS TESTED AND PASSED PRIOR TO USAGE
 VERIFY OFFSETS & REFERENCE ELEVATION
 COUNTERCHECK SURVEY OFFSETS VS WALL DIMENSIONS INDICATED ON
PLANS
 VERIFY ADEQUACY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
 PROPER COORDINATION WITH MEFPS CONTRACTORS REGARDING WORK
SCHEDULE
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• ZOCALO
 CHECK DEPTH OF DRILLED HOLES FOR VERTICAL DOWEL BARS
DRILLED DOWELS – should be drilled to a depth of 100mm and extend
400mm to match vertical bars. Apply epoxy on dowels, then, splice to
vertical bars and wrap with
felt paper. Tie wire should be loose
to allow movement of reinforcement
bars.
 CHECK DOWEL BARS INSTALLED
WITH EPOXY
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• ZOCALO
 CHECK SIZE AND SPACING OF VERTICAL BARS
 CHECK HEIGHT OF ZOCALO
 Height of zocalo is 300mm.
 PROVIDE 25mm ALLOWANCE FOR
WATERPROOFING
 CHECK EMBEDDED PIPES ARE IN
PLACE
 CHECK CONCRETE MIX
PROPORTION
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• FIRST LAYER (HOLDPOINT)
 CHECK SIZE AND SPACING OF VERTICAL BARS
 Vertical bar spacing - 400 mm interval or every CHB
 CHECK 16MM Ø VERTICAL BARS ON CORNERS, INTERSECTIONS,
OPENINGS, & END OF WALLS
 CHECK LOCATION OF CHB 1ST LAYER
 CHECK SIZE OF INSTALLED CHB 1ST LAYER
 CHECK ALIGNMENT OF CHB WALL 1ST LAYER
 CHECK DOOR OPENINGS IF ATTAINED
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• CHB INSTALLATION
 CHECK IF BATTERBOARD & TANSI ARE PROVIDED
 CHECK SPACING OF HORIZONTAL BARS
 Horizontal bar spacing - 600 mm interval or every 3 layers
 CHECK SPACING OF VERTICAL BARS
 Vertical bar spacing - 400 mm interval or every CHB
 CHECK LENGTH OF REBAR LAP SPLICING
 Lap splicing is 30 x bar Ø or 300 mm length.
 CHECK REBAR SPLICINGS ARE TIGHTLY TIED
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• CHB INSTALLATION
 CHECK CHB FORMATION IF CORRECT
 CHECK THAT MORTAR FILLED ALL HOLES
 CHECK UNIFORM MORTAR THICKNESS
 Target thickness is 10mm, maximum 20mm.
 CHECK PLUMBNESS OF CHB WALLS
 CHECK LEVELNESS OF CHB WALLS
 CHECK BLOCKOUTS FOR DOORS AND WINDOWS
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• CHB INSTALLATION
 CHECK BLOCKOUTS FOR LINTEL BEAMS
 CHECK REQUIRED VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL WALL GAPS
 CHECK COMPRESSIBLE FILLER IN PLACE
 CHECK THAT ALL HOLES & CHB GAPS ARE PROPERLY FILLED WITH
MORTAR
 Wall Gaps – provide 12 mm thick gap at column, 25 mm thick gap at
beam and slab. Gaps should be filled with compressible filler and
backer rod.
 REQUIRE CHB CUTTING DONE BY GRINDER
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CHB LAYING CHECKLISTS

• PRIOR TO CLOSURE / LAST 2 LAYERS

 CHECK REBAR DOWEL SPLICING WRAPPED WITH

FELT PAPER / NEWSPAPER
 CHECK REBAR SPLICING ARE LOOSELY TIED
 ENSURE ALL PIPES AND DUCTS INSIDE PIPE /
MECHANICAL CHASES ARE COMPLETED AND
TESTED
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INSPECTION REQUIREMENT
• CHB cutting – Avoid excessive breaking of CHB. Use grinder in
cutting CHB to minimize wastage.
• Stiffener column, beams– provide for walls more than 3 meters in
length and 3 meters in height.
• Lintel beams– on top of door and window openings. Provide at
least 200 mm block-out both sides of CHB for beam anchorage.
• Mortar proportion is 1:3 (1 part cement to 3 parts sand)
• For walls aligned to columns and corewalls, adjust CHB layout by
20mm. The 20mm offset is allowance for plastering since
columns are straight-to-finish.
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IV

PLASTERING
INSPECTION
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PLASTER – A cementitious or combination of cementitious

materials and aggregate that, when mixed with water, forms a
plastic mass that sets and hardens when applied to a surface.
 Scratch Coat – In three-coat plaster, the first coat, which is then
scratched to provide a bond for second or brown coat. (Rebokada)
 Brown Coat – In three-coat plaster, the brown
coat is the second coat. (Pasintada)
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Finish Coat – The final coat of plaster,

which provides the decorative surface.
(Palitada)
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• Plastering Guide – A straight plastic guide, nailed on the wall at

interval whose depth varies in accordance with plaster thickness
assigned, for the purposes of attaining a plumb, even and straight
plaster surface result.
• Bead – Light gauge metal strips with
one or more expanded or short
perforated flanges and variously
shaped noses, use at the perimeter
of plastering surfaces.
• Kapak – Plaster not bonding well with
the wall produces a defect. Knocking
on it creates a hollow sound.
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• PRE-APPLICATION
 VERIFY AFC DRAWINGS / FLOOR PLANS
 VERIFY WALL SCHEDULE / WALL TYPE
 VERIFY APPROVED METHODOLOGY
 VERIFY REQUIRED SURFACE FINISH IF SMOOTH OR ROUGH FINISH FOR
TILED AREAS
 VERIFY LOCATION OF OPENINGS / BLOCKOUTS
 VERIFY OFFSETS & REFERENCE ELEVATION
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• PRE-APPLICATION
 CONDUCT TRADE TEST / QUALIFICATION OF FINISHING MASONS TO DO
PLASTERING
 PROVIDE MOCK-UP SAMPLE OF PLASTERING INCLUDING VERTICAL AND
HORIZONTAL GROOVE
 VERIFY ADEQUACY OF TOOLS AND EQUIPMENT
 CHECK STRAIGHT-EDGE (BARA) IS NOT BENT
 VERIFY EMBEDDED PIPES ARE TESTED & PASSED
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• SURFACE PREPARATION / LAYOUT
 CHECK PLASTERING GUIDE / “BUTONES”
 CHECK STRING LAYOUT FOR PLUMBNESS, ALIGNMENT, SQUARENESS OF
CORNERS, AND TARGET PLASTERING THICKNESS IF ATTATINED
 CHECK CHB SURFACE PREPARATION
 CHECK THAT ALL HOLES AND CHB GAPS ARE PROPERLY FILLED WITH
MORTAR
 CHECK SMOOTH SURFACES ARE ROUGHEN
 CHECK SCRATCH COAT WAS PROVIDED
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• SURFACE PREPARATION / LAYOUT

 CHECK CHB FILLER ARE INSTALLED

 CHECK STUB-OUTS / PIPES ARE COVERED
 CHECK CHB WALLS WERE DAMPEN WITH WATER PRIOR TO PLASTERING
 CHECK MORTAR MIX PROPORTION
 CHECK REQUIRED FINISHING (SMOOTH / ROUGH)
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• PLASTERING

 CHECK SURFACE FLATNESS

 CHECK PLUMBNESS OF WALLS
 CHECK SQUARENESS OF CORNERS / “KILI – KILI”
 CHECK STRAIGHTNESS OF GROOVES / EDGES
 CHECK STRAIGHTNESS OF WALL “LAYLAYAN”
 CHECK ADJOINING SURFACES ARE FLUSHED
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• PLASTERING

 CHECK UNIFORMITY IN TEXTURE / APPEARANCE

 CHECK OUTSIDE CORNERS WITHOUT DENTS
 REQUIRE THAT PLASTER FINISHING SHOULD EXTEND ATLEAST 100mm
ABOVE CEILING
 REQUIRE USE OF MIXING BOARD
 PLASTERING THICKNESS SHOULD NOT EXCEED 25mm MAXIMUM OR AS
PER APPROVED
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PLASTERING CHECKLISTS
• CURING

 REQUIRE THAT NEWLY PLASTERED WALLS ARE MOIST CURED FOR 7 DAYS
(HOT WEATHER)
 ENSURE THAT NEWLY PLASTERED WALLS WERE NOT SUBJECTED TO
EXCESSIVE VIBRATION, GRINDING OR CHIPPING
 ENSURE THAT NEWLY PLASTERED WALLS ARE FULLY CURED PRIOR TO
PAINT APPLICATION
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MANPOWER
1. SUPERINTENDENT / SUPERVISOR
• Responsible for reviewing drawings, and requesting tools
and materials needed for the plastering works.
• Check and ensure that works done are acceptable prior to
requesting for QC and client inspections.
2. FOREMAN
• Responsible for supervision of skilled mason during
plastering works.
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2. FOREMAN
• Must ensure that works are done right the first time and all
the time.
• Conducts 100% visual and dimensional inspection on all
completed formworks.

3. MASON
• Responsible for the plastering and finishing works.

4. QC ENGINEER
• Responsible for ensuring that plastering works are in
compliance with the approved drawings and methodology
thru conduct of inspection.
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REMINDERS:

1.Standard Mix (1:3) or in reference to

designers Specs.
2. Using of plastering compound, wire mesh and
expandable lath hyrib is optional.
3. Avoid a direct rays of sun for 2 consecutive days,
this will cause dehydration – main cause of
alligatoring & hairline cracks
4. Mortar blasting that serve as base coat will help
to accelerate plastering works.
5. Never to apply cement powder to accelerate
work.
6. Repair any unexpected cracks in accordance to
approved or standard technical procedures.
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ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA
For walls to receive paint
• Surface should be smooth finished, uniform in texture, and no visible
cracks/kapaks due to poor adhesion.
• All corners should be square and all lines are straight.
• Openings are leveled and sufficient inside clear dimensions.
• Finish and measure so gap at any point between surface and a 3m long
straightedge, resting on 2 high spots and placed anywhere on the surface,
does not exceed 3mm

For walls to receive tiles

• Surface should be rough finish, plumb and no visible cracks/kapak. All
corners should be square and all lines are straight.
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V. CODES AND STANDARDS

• ASTM C140 – STANDARD TEST METHODS FOR SAMPLING AND
TESTING CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
• ASTM C129 – STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR NONBEARING
CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
• ASTM C90 – STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR LOADBEARING
CONCRETE MASONRY UNITS
• ASTM C270 – STANDARD SPECIFICATION FOR MORTAR FOR UNIT
MASONRY
• PNS 16 – SPECIFICATION FOR CONCRETE HOLLOW BLOCKS
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END OF PRESENTATION

THANK YOU VERY MUCH! 