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OPERATING SYSTEMS

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OPERATING
SYSTEMS

1
OPERATING
SYSTEMS

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 MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF
OPERATING SYSTEM

• RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
• DATA MANAGEMENT
• JOB MANAGEMENT
• STANDARD MEANS OF
COMMUNICATION BETWEEN USER
AND COMPUTER. 13
OPERATING
SYSTEMS
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING
SYSTEM
RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
• ALLOCATES COMPUTER RESOURCES
SUCH AS CPU TIME, MAIN MEMORY,
SECONDARY STORAGE, AND INPUT AND
OUTPUT DEVICES FOR USE.

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OPERATING
SYSTEMS
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
DATA MANAGEMENT
• GOVERN THE INPUT AND OUTPUT OF
DATA AND THEIR LOCATION, STORAGE,
AND RETRIEVAL.
• IT ALSO IS RESPONSIBLE FOR STORING
AND RETRIEVING INFORMATION ON DISK
DRIVES AND FOR THE ORGANIZATION OF
THAT INFORMATION ON THE DRIVE.
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OPERATING
SYSTEMS
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
JOB MANAGEMENT
• PREPARES, SCHEDULES, CONTROLS,
AND MONITORS JOBS SUBMITTED FOR
EXECUTION TO ENSURE THE MOST
EFFICIENT PROCESSING.
• A JOB IS A COLLECTION OF ONE OR MORE
RELATED PROGRAMS AND THEIR DATA.

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OPERATING
SYSTEMS
MAJOR FUNCTIONS OF OPERATING SYSTEM
STANDARD MEANS OF COMMUNICATION
BETWEEN USER AND COMPUTER

• THE OS ALSO ESTABLISHES A STANDARD

MEANS OF COMMUNICATION BETWEEN
USERS AND THEIR COMPUTER SYSTEMS.
• IT DOES THIS BY PROVIDING A USER
INTERFACE AND A STANDARD SET OF
COMMANDS THAT CONTROL THE
HARDWARE. 17
4 ESSENTIAL MANAGERS
• MEMORY MANAGER - HANDLES OR
MANAGES PRIMARY MEMORY AND
MOVES PROCESSES BACK AND FORTH
BETWEEN MAIN MEMORY AND DISK
DURING EXECUTION. IT KEEPS TRACK OF
EACH AND EVERY MEMORY LOCATION,
REGARDLESS OF EITHER IT IS ALLOCATED
TO SOME PROCESS OR IT IS FREE.
4 ESSENTIAL MANAGERS
• PROCESS MANAGER – ALLOCATES THE
CPU. THE OS MUST ALLOCATE
RESOURCES TO PROCESSES,
ENABLE PROCESSES TO SHARE AND
EXCHANGE INFORMATION, PROTECT THE
RESOURCES OF EACH PROCESS FROM
OTHER PROCESSES AND ENABLE
SYNCHRONIZATION
AMONG PROCESSES.
4 ESSENTIAL MANAGERS
• DEVICE MANAGER - MANAGES I/O
DEVICES SUCH AS A KEYBOARD,
MAGNETIC TAPE, DISK, PRINTER,
MICROPHONE, USB PORTS, SCANNER,
CAMCORDER ETC. AS WELL AS THE
SUPPORTING UNITS LIKE CONTROL
CHANNELS.
4 ESSENTIAL MANAGERS

• FILE MANAGER – CHECKS EVERY

TYPE OF FILE IN THE SYSTEM SUCH
DATA FILES, PROGRAM FILES,
COMPILERS, AND INSTALLED
APPLICATIONS. IT SETS PERMISSION
SO THAT A CERTAIN USER CAN ONLY
SEE CERTAIN FILES.
OPERATING
SYSTEMS
EXAMPLES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
• MS-DOS
• WINDOWS
• MAC OS
• LINUX
• SOLARIS
• ANDROID

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MS-DOS - IS AN OPERATING
SYSTEM FOR X86-BASED PERSONAL
COMPUTERS MOSTLY DEVELOPED
BY MICROSOFT. MS-DOS WAS THE MAIN
OPERATING SYSTEM FOR IBM PC
COMPATIBLE PERSONAL COMPUTERS
DURING THE 1980S AND THE EARLY 1990S,
WHEN IT WAS GRADUALLY SUPERSEDED BY
OPERATING SYSTEMS OFFERING
A GRAPHICAL USER INTERFACE (GUI), IN
VARIOUS GENERATIONS OF THE
GRAPHICAL MICROSOFT
WINDOWS OPERATING SYSTEM.
OPERATING
SYSTEMS
WINDOWS

• PRODUCED BY
MICROSOFT, INC.
• USING GRAPHICAL USER
INTERFACE.
• SUPPORT MULTITASKING
AND MULTI-USER.
• FIRST VERSION:
WINDOWS 1.0 (1985)
• LATEST VERSION:
WINDOWS 10 25
31
MACOS PREVIOUSLY MAC OS X AND
LATER OS X) IS A SERIES
OF GRAPHICAL OPERATING
SYSTEMS DEVELOPED AND MARKETED
BY APPLE INC. SINCE 2001. IT IS THE
PRIMARY OPERATING SYSTEM FOR
APPLE'S MAC FAMILY OF COMPUTERS.
WITHIN THE MARKET OF DESKTOP, LAPTOP
AND HOME COMPUTERS, AND BY WEB
USAGE, IT IS THE SECOND MOST WIDELY
USED DESKTOP OS, AFTER MICROSOFT
WINDOWS.
LINUX - IS A FAMILY OF OPEN
SOURCE UNIX-LIKE OPERATING
SYSTEMS BASED ON THE LINUX KERNEL,
AN OPERATING SYSTEM KERNEL FIRST
RELEASED ON SEPTEMBER 17, 1991
BY LINUS TORVALDS. LINUX IS
TYPICALLY PACKAGED IN A LINUX
DISTRIBUTION.
ANDROID - IS A MOBILE OPERATING
SYSTEM DEVELOPED BY GOOGLE. IT IS DESIGNED
PRIMARILY FOR TOUCHSCREEN MOBILE DEVICES
SUCH AS SMARTPHONES AND TABLETS. IN ADDITION,
GOOGLE HAS DEVELOPED ANDROID TV FOR
TELEVISIONS, ANDROID AUTO FOR CARS, AND WEAR
OS FOR WRIST WATCHES, EACH WITH A SPECIALIZED
USER INTERFACE.
 “USE IN A SENTENCE GAME”
LET’S DIVIDE THE HOUSE INTO FIVE GROUPS.
• THE GAME WILL HAVE 3 ROUNDS, AND
EACH GROUP WILL GIVE ONE SENTENCE
PER ROUND. THE SENTENCE MUST CONTAIN
A WORD OR WORDS ASSIGNED TO YOUR
GROUP. (NOTE: A SCORE WILL NOT COUNT
IF THERE’S A GRAMMATICAL ERROR OR
INCORRECT INFORMATION IN A SENTENCE.
AN ALREADY USED SENTENCE CANNOT BE
USED AGAIN.)
EXAMPLE:

THE GROUP WITH THE HIGHEST

POINTS WILL WIN THE GAME AND
RECEIVE ADDITIONAL POINTS FOR
THE QUIZ.
MICROSOFT
MEMORY MANAGER
ANDROID
MAC OS X
MS - DOS
OPERATING SYSTEM
FILE MANAGER
PROCESS MANAGER
DEVICE MANAGER
GRAPHICAL USER
INTERFACE