COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL

ENGINEERING, JABALPUR
SEMINAR SESSION 2018-19
TOPIC - WIND ENERGY

PRESENTED BY:
MANOJ KUMAR UIKE
ROLL NO.-1801
WIND POWER
The term ‘wind power’ or ‘wind energy’ is used to describe the
prossess by which the wind is used to generate mechanical power
or electricity.
Wind turbines convert the kinetic power
in wind into mechanical power which can
be used for the specific tasks (such as
Grinding grain or pumping water) or
Genrator can convert the mechanical power
to electriciy to power homes ,bussiness
schools and the like.
BASIC PRINCIPAL OF WIND ENERY CONVERSION
1.THE NATURE OF WIND
Wind results from air in motion, air in motio arises from presssure
gradiant pressure gradiant caused due to temperature difference in
earth’s atmosphere. This temperature difference on earth atmo-
sphere created by non-uniform heating of earth feaures by the sun.
 Wind always blow from higher pressure region to lower pressure r
region.
MOVEMENT OF WIND:
ON GLOBAL BASIS
The solar radiation heats up near the equ-
tor,this low density air boyed up and repla-
ced by more dense higher pressure wind
ON REGIONAL BASIS
During day light lands heats up rapidly
compared to nearby sea or water body
Therefore there is surface flow from
water body to land.

FACTORS WHICH AFFECT THE NATURE OF WIND NEAR

THE SURFACE :
I. Lattitude of place
II. Altitude of pace
III. Topography o place
IV. Scale of the hour, months,year etc.
NOTE :-Only 2% of solar radiation on earth is converted to KE and
30% of it occers in lowest 1000m elevation of earth atmosphere
2 POWER IN THE WIND
•Wind possesses energy by the virtue of its motion.
•The device which is capable to extract energy from the wind is
called sail or propeller.
•Windmills work on the principle of converting kinetic energy in
wind to mechanical energy
P = ½.ρ.A.V3
where, P is power in watts (W)
ρ is the air density in kilograms per cubic metre (kg/m3)
A is the swept rotor area in square metres (m2)
Wind for electricity generation Practical Action
V is the windspeed in metres per second (m/s)
WIND SPEED VARIATION
I. Start up wind speed:-8km/h
II. Cut-in wind speed:-12.5km/h
III. Rated wind speed:-36-54km/h
IV. Furling wind speed:-90km/h
V. Maximum design wind speed:-
105km/h

FORCE ACTING ON THE BLADES

DRAG FORCE:-Acting on the direction
of wind
LIFT FORCE:-Accting perprndicular to
the direction of wind
SITE SELECTION COSITDERATION
I. High annual average wind speed
II. Altitude of proposed side and residence aera sould away
atleast 3km radius from plant.
III. Local ecology.
IV. Nature of ground.

BASIC GUIDELINES FOR INSTALLATION

I. Best site for wind mill is off-shore or
sea coast: 2400KWh/m sq. per year.
II. Second best mountains: 1600KWh/m sq.
per year.
III. Lowest level at planes:750KWh/m sq.
per year.
BASIC COMPONENT OF WECS
 Wind turbine or rotor
 Windmill head
 Transmission and control
 Supporting system
 Storage system
A. WIND TURBINE ROTOR
I. Horizontal axis rotar
II. Vertical axis rotor
B. WINDMILL HEAD
 It supports rotor,housing the rotor bearing.
 Supports control mechanism like changing the pitch for safety.
 Supports the tail wanes to orient the rotor o face the wind.
C. TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
 Step up type of planetory gearbox is used.
 Shaft rpm of 40 to 50 is increased upto 1800 rpm for optimum out
put of generator.
D. GENERATOR
I. Constant speed type
II. Variable speed type
E. CONTROL SYSTEM
I. The orientation of rotor into the wind (YAW CONTROL)
II. Start up and cut in of wind of equipment.
III. Power conrol of the rotor by varying the pitch of te blades.
IV. Sut down or cut out owing to malfunction or very high speed
wind.
F. TOWER STRUCTURE
I. The reinforced concrete tower.
II. The pole tower.
III. Built tube tower.
IV. The truss type tower.
G. ENERGY STORAGE
I. For small output upto 20KW dc current generaor can be used to
charge battery.
II. For higher output AC generator is used and AC must be rectified
before charging the battery.
III. Another alternative for best possible use to store the energy in
volume of compressed air.
BASIC COMPONENTS OF WECS
CLASIFICATION OF WECS
I. ACCORDING TO ORIENTATION OF ROTOR
1) Horizontal axis wind machine
2) Vertical axis wind machine
I. ACCORDIND TO THE ELECTRICAL POWER OUTPUT
1) Small scale upto 2KW :-Remote areas, small power.
2) Meddium scale (2-100KW):-Residencial or local use.
3) Large scale power (100KW and above):-Useful to power
generation and power supply to central power grid.
HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND MACHINE
Its axis of rotation is in the direction of
prevailing wind.
I. HAWM WITH SINGLE BLADE
II. HAWM WITH DOUBLE BLADE
III. HAWM WITH MULTIPLE BLADES
IV. HAWM DUTCH TYPE
V. HAWM SAIL TYPE
VERRICAL AXIS WIND MACHINE
Axis of rotation is in perpendiculer to
the direction of wind
I. DARRIUS TYPE WINDMILL
(High wind speed)
II. SAVONIOUS TYPE WINDMILL
(Low wind speed)
PERFORMANCE OF WIND MACHINE
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑒 𝑡𝑖𝑝
Tip speed ratio =
𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑒𝑑 𝑜𝑓 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑

𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑖𝑛 𝑟𝑜𝑡𝑜𝑟 𝑏𝑙𝑎𝑑𝑒

Power coefficient =
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑎𝑣𝑎𝑖𝑙𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 𝑖𝑛 𝑤𝑖𝑛𝑑
ADVANTAGES OF WIND ENERGY
 It is a renewable source of energy.
 It has no adverse effect on environment.
 It avoids fuel provitions and transport

CHALLENGES OF WIND ENERGY

 Its energy is available in dilute and fluctuating in nature.
 It needs storage system because of its irregularity.
 A large unit can be heaard for many km away.
 It has relatively high overall weight(110kg/KW at rated wind speed)
 A large areas are needed to install windmill.
APPLICATION OF WIND ENERGY IN
AGRICULTURE
 For Irrigatin purpose.
 Heat applications:-
I. Green house appications.
II. Crop drying.
III. Milk processing.
IV. Refrigeration.
V. Frost protection.
VI. Ventilation and waste
management.
 For electricity generation.
PRESENT INDIAN SCENERIO AND FUTURE OUT-
LOOKS
 The average growth rate of wind power
installation with 25% PEEr year is the fastest
sourse.
 India occupies 4th place in the world with
34.293GW after china, USA, germany.
 Some indian state mostly costal regions
Tamilnadu,Maharasta, Gujrat Rajisthan
are producing wind power
 India has the target to achieve the producti-
on of 175GW power from renewable enegy
sources out of which 60GW will be accomp-
lished from wind power.
THANK YOU