Engineering

survey for
location survey
Engineering survey for
location survey
• Map Study
• Reconnaissance Surveys
• Preliminary Surveys
•Location Surveys
 Map study
This is the first step of the Engineering
survey, using a topographic map of the
area under consideration, which can be
availed from the Survey of India, we can
propose different alternatives of the
road alignment.
This topographic map in general have a
contour interval of around 30 m to 40 m
Reconnaissance survey
Reconnaissance Survey: So in the
second phase/step a survey team is
headed to the area under study with
the minor surveying instruments like
Abney level, Tangent Clinometer etc. to
do a rough survey of the area under
study.
 Preliminary survey

Preliminary Survey: In this step the

alternative routes which are proposed
after a rough survey in the second step
are surveyed in details using some
advanced instruments like levels, chain
and theodolite. Aerial Photogrammetry
is best suited for this type of survey.
 Location survey
Location Survey:
In this fourth phase of the Engineering
Survey for the highway location, we
have a drawing of the alignment and we
have to go through the further two
processes:
(a) Location (b) Detailed Survey
 Location
Location:- Location of the center line of the
road is done with very much precise
instrument like Theodolite and Chain using
the drawing prepared or the details gathered
in the third step(i.e. Preliminary survey). This
is done by staking the ground with the stakes
inserted at the intervals of 50 m to 100 m in
the plain area, 50 m to 75 m in the rolling
terrain and 30 m to 50 m in the hills and steep
terrain.
 Detailed survey
Detailed Survey: In this part we have carry out
the detailed study of the final route using
some very precise instruments like Theodolite
and Chain to gather all the necessary data for
the final estimation, design and preparing
drawings using which the construction can be
started. A detailed project report is to be
prepared and all the necessary data is
collected to prepare that report.
 Types of drawing
•KEY MAP
•NDEX MAP
•PRELIMINARY SURVEY PLANS
•DETAILED PLAN & LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS
•DETAILED CROSS-SECTION
•LAND ACQUISITION PLANS
•DRAWING OF CROSS DRAINAGE AND OTHER
RETAINING STRUCTURES
•DRAWING OF ROAD INTERSECTIONS
•LAND PLANS SHOWING QUARRIES
 KEY MAP

KEY MAP should show the proposed &

existing roads, & important places to be
connected. The size of the plan in
general should not exceed 22x20cm.
Scale of the map is chosen suitably
according to the length of road/highw
 INDEX MAP

INDEX MAP should show the general

topography of the area/site. Details are
represented using symbols. Index map
should also be of suitable scale, size
being 32x20cm.
 PRELIMINARY SURVEY
PLANS
PRELIMINARY SURVEY PLANS are plans
showing details of various alternate
alignments & all information collected
should be drawn to a suitable scale of
10cm=1Km to 25cm=1Km.
 DETAILED PLAN &
LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS
DETAILED PLAN shows the ground plan
with alignment & the boundaries,
contours at intervals of 1 to 2 metre in
plain terrain and 3 to 6 metre in hilly
terrain, showing all details including
existing structures. Scale of 1/2400 or
1/1200 is suitable for detailed plans.
Size of drawing may be A-2 or 60x42 cm
approximately.
 DETAILED CROSS-
SECTION
LONGITUDINAL SECTIONS should be
drawn to the same horizontal scale of
the ground as in detailed plan. Vertical
scale may be enlarged 10 times of the
longitudinal scale. The longitudinal
section should show details such as
datum line, existing ground surface, and
vertical profile of the proposed road
and position of drainage crossings.
 LAND ACQUISITION
PLANS
LAND ACQUISITION PLANS &
SCHEDULES are usually prepared from
the survey drawings for land acquisition
details. These plans show all general
details such as building, wells, nature of
gradients and other details required for
assessing the values. The scale may be
1cm=40 metre or less.
 DRAWING OF CROSS
DRAINAGE AND OTHER
RETAINING STRUCTURES
are usually drawn to scale of 1cm=1 metre.
For details of any complicated portion of the
structure enlarged scales up to 8cm=1metre
or up to half full size may be employed.
However the size of drawing should not
exceed the standard size. Cross sections of
streams should be to a scale of not less than
1cm=10 metre.
LAND PLANS SHOWING
QUARRIES
LAND PLANS FOR QUARRIES where
quarries for construction materials are
to be acquired for new projects,
separate land plans should be prepared.
The size of these maps and scales may
be similar to those proposed under land
acquisition.
Reference

•Google
•reference book
•Wikipedia
Thank you