ALVAREZ’S ACCOUNT

BACKGROUND OF THE AUTHOR

SANTIAGO ALVAREZ A.K.A “ GENERAL APOY ”
 SANTIAGO ALVAREZ
• Place of birth: Imus, Cavite,
Philippines
• Date of birth: July 25, 1872
• Parents:
• Farther: General Mariano Alvarez
• Mother: Nicolasa Virata y del Rosario
• Wife: Pat Grandos
• Children: Marta, Magdalena, Gabriel,
Numeriano, Rosendo, Virginia,
Amalia, Fidel, Egmidio, Pacita
• Date of death: October 30, 1930, 58
years old
• Died because of paralysis
SANTIAGO ALVAREZ
• President of the first
Nationalista party
• A general of the Magdiwang
Faction of the Katipunan
• The author of the books
Katipunan and the revolution:
Memoirs of the general and
Recalling the revolution:
Memoirs of the general.
• Nick named “Kidlat ng Apoy”
because of his inflamed bravery
and dedication as commander
of the battles in Cavite
particularly at Dalahian.
 HISTORICAL
BACKGROUND
OF THE DOCUMENT
KATIPUNAN AND THE REVOLUTION:
MEMOIRS OF THE GENERAL

Historical background:
• First published during the 1920’s in “The Sampaguita” a
Tagalog weekly (periodical)
 CONTENT
PRESENTATION AND
ANALYSIS OF THE
IMPORTANT
HISTORICAL
INFORMATION FOUND
IN DOCUMENTS
MAGDIWANG
• Jacinto Lumbreras
- He presided over the Tejeros convention.
• Diego Mojica
- He was the original big boss of the Katipunan chapter in his town.
• Mariano Alvarez
- A revolutionary general and second –in-command by Andres
Bonifacio in late 1896.
- he was elected capitan municipal of Noveleta against his wishes.
• Pascual Alvarez
-Brigadier General
• Ariston Villanueva
- A former gobernadorcillo of Noveleta, Cavite, before the enactment of
the Maura Law in 1893.
• Mariano Trias
-Lieutenant General
• Emiliano de Dios
- He was elected as Minister of War, Phil. Republic
- Revolutionary leader and later appointed as governor of cavite by
Gen. Emilio Aguinaldo.
• Santiago Alvarez
- Brigadier General
• Artemio Ricarte
-general during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American
War. He is regarded as the Father of the Philippine Army, and the first
Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces of the Philippines.
• Santos Nocon
- Brigadier General
• Pablo Mojica
- General
• Severino de las Alas
- one of the more prominent signatories of the Biak-na-Bato
Constitution.
- He was later appointed director of the interior of the Malolos
Republic.
• Andres Bonifacio
- Field Marshal of the Katipunan Revolutionary Armies (President of
the Katagalugan Republic)
• Luciano San Miguel
- Brigadier General
MAGDALO
• Emilio Aguinaldo
- Leader of the Revolution and General of the "Philippine Revolutionary Army"
(President of the "Malolos Republic").
• Baldomero Aguinaldo
- He was also was a leader of the Philippine Revolution.
• Daniel Tirona
- Brigadier General.
• Cayetano Topacio
- was a leader in the Philippine Independence movement.
• Jose del Rosario
- He was a lawyer
• Fr. Manuel Trias
- The parish priest of San Francisco de Malabon.
• Fr. Cenon Villafranca
- He officiated the meeting at Tanza Parish House.
• Josephine Bracken
- Wife of Jose Rizal and she attended in convention.
• Trining
- Sister of Jose Rizal and she attended also in convention.
SETTINGS:
• BARRIO TEJEROS (San Francisco de Malabon, Cavite)
= place were convention happened.

• TANZA PARISH HOUSE OF CATHOLIC CHURCH

= place were they took their oaths of office.

• IMUS, CAVITE
= place were meeting happened.
• President: Emilio Aguinaldo
• Vice President: Mariano Trias
• Capitan General: Artemio Ricarte
• Director of war: Emiliano de Dios
• Director of Interior: Andres
Bonifacio

• Electoral Votes
Emilio Aguinaldo (Magdiwang) 146
Andres Bonifacio (Magdalo) 80
IMPORTANT DATES

• March 25, 1897 (Tejeros Convention)

*according to Alvarez account.*

• March 27, 1897 ( Tanza Parish House)

ANALYSIS OF THE IMPORTANT HISTORICAL
INFORMATION FOUND IN THE DOCUMENTS
• The Tejeros Convention was the meeting held between the two factions
of the katipunan named Magdalo and Magdiwang at San Francisco de
Malabon Cavite on March 25, 1897. In the election for new
administration officers most of the winners are from the Magdiwang
faction. Mr. Daniel Tirona (Magdalo) said “My brethren, the office of the
secretary of the interior is of so great a scope and of such sensitivity that
we should not entrust it to one who is not a lawyer. One among us here is
a lawyer. He is Mr. Jose del Rosario”. Supreme Bonifacio was hurt by
these words of Tirona . In the first place the supremo (Andres Bonifacio)
said earlier that the candidate who would get the most number of votes
for each position should be the winner, no matter what his station in life
or his educational attainment. He quickly stood up and said something
then he pulled out his revolver. There is no response of Mr. Tirona then he
slid away and got lost in the crowd. Related to another event in Tanza
Parish house was they took their oaths of office. Bonifacio was not invited
although he was one of those elected to office. From the start there are
some bias statements included by the author of the account who is
Santiago Alvarez.
CONTRIBUTION AND
RELEVANCE OF THE
DOCUMENT
• It provides us an idea how Filipinos (katipunan)
resisted to colonial rule.
• It shows how nationalistic the Filipinos before.
• It advocates the principle of nationalism,
katipuneros called upon all officials to unite and
lend support to the mother country.
RELEVANCE OF THE
DOCUMENT TODAY
• Alvarez wrote his memoir to shed more light
on the different facets of the revolution… in
the interest of the honorable truth
• Political history.
• -Election Process

• It is a basis for the idea that Bonifacio was the

first president of the Philippines