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CELL DIVISION

CELL DIVISION
• The ability to reproduce in kind is a basic
characteristic of all living things.
• any organism or offspring closely resemble
their parent or parents.
• Sexual reproduction requires fertilization, the
union of two cells from two individual
organisms resulting in a fertilized egg or
zygote.
CELL DIVISION
• A original single cell is the ancestor of every other
cell in the body.
• All multicellular organisms use cell division for growth
and the maintenance and repair of cells and tissues.
• For single celled organism, they use cell division as
their method of reproduction.
CELL CYCLE
• is an ordered series of events involving cell growth
and cell division that produces two new daughter
cells.
TWO MAJOR PHASES
•Interphase
-The cell grows and DNA is replicated.
•Mitotic phase
-The replicated DNA and cytoplasmic contents are
separated, and the cell divides.
INTERPHASE
• the cell undergoes normal growth processes while
also preparing for cell division. In order for a cell to
move from interphase into the mitotic phase, many
internal and external conditions must be met.
• The three stages of interphase are called G1, S, G2
THE MITOTIC PHASE
• The mitotic phase is a multistep process
during which the duplicated chromosomes are
aligned, separated, and moved to opposite
poles of the cell, and then are divided into two
new identical daughter cells.
STAGES OF MITOSIS
THE MITOTIC PHASE

• The first portion of the mitotic phase is called


karyokinesis, or nuclear division.
• The second is the mitotic phase, called
cytokinesis. It is the physical separation of the
cytoplasmic components into the two daughter
cells.
•Cytokinesis
- Is the division of the cytoplasm of a cell
- It occurs at the end of M-phase, after the nuclear
division is over.

•Karyokinesis
-Is the division of the nucleus of the cell.
-It occurs during M-phase of cell cycle before
the cytokinesis begins to proceed.
G0 PHASE
• Cells in G0 phase are not actively preparing to
divide. The cell is in a quiescent (inactive) stage
that occurs when cells exit the cycle. Some
cells enter G0 temporarily until an external
signal triggers the onset of G1. Other cells that
never or rarely divide, such as mature cardiac
muscle and mere cells, permanently remain in
G0.
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