EFFECTS OF MODERN

AGRICULTURE
EFFECTS OF MODERN
AGRICULTURE
 Modern agriculture is an evolving
approach to agricultural innovations and
farming practices that helps farmers
increase efficiency and reduce the amount
of natural resources—water, land, and
energy—necessary to meet the world's
food, fuel, and fiber needs.
FERTILIZERS PESTICIDES
EFFECTS OF FERTILIZERS
 EFFECTS
◼ Increase in water-borne diseases due to contamination in
surface water and ground water resources
◼ Threat to the quality of drinking water due to disposal of
fertilizers into landfill sites and lands.
◼ Reduction in the fertility of land.
◼ Loss of organic matter from the soil
◼ Seriously affected ecology of lakes/ponds, rivers and
underground water due to accumulation of fertilizers in them
and the soils
EFFECTS OF PESTICIDES
Pesticides are compounds used to kill or disable
pests. Agriculture suffers from pests. Any
organism that cause an economic loss or damage
to the physical well being of human being is a pest
and the chemical compounds that are used for the
control of pests are called pesticides.
◼ Causes illness and slow poisoning to human
beings
◼ Ecology of food chain and Food Web are
disturbed
◼ Soil fertility reduced
◼ Non targeted species are are killed or injured
◼ Due to killing of beneficial pests, the newer
problematic pests are evolved
◼ Causes Cancer, genetic defects and chronic
diseases
WATER LOGGING
RAINFALL HIGH WATER
TABLE
The harmful effects of waterlogging to the
environment
◼ the quality of water logged soil deteriorates resulting in its
poor productivity.
◼ Plants in such areas are deprived of adequate availability of
oxygen for respiration.
◼ Equilibrium of soil gets disturbed due to rise in water table
SALINITY
Salinity refers to increased concentration of
soluble salts in the soil. Different kinds of salt
such as chlorides, carbonates etc. are found in
water, soils, fertilizers etc. Some of them are
soluble and other are insoluble. For equilibrium
of the soil a certain Quantity of salt is always
required. When this quantity is more, it means
the soil has become saline.
 CAUSES OF SALINITY

◼ Poor drainage for outlet to run off flood water

◼ Improper layout for flow of irrigational waters.
◼ Low rainfall and high temperature causing evaporation of
water from the solid surface, and leaving behind the the
salt concentration.
 HARMFUL EFFECTS

◼ The concentration of salts form a crust on soil surface,

thereby affecting its fertility
◼ Water absorption by the soil is seriously affected
◼ Growth of plants is impaired, which ultimately affects their
survival.