PADDLE SHIFTER

Mohammed Irshad
17051048
As5
MPTC
 INTRODUCTION

 For the most part, manual transmissions are dead. Their death has
been caused by highly efficient automatic transmissions and the
implementation of paddle shifters. Either of a pair of paddles, fitted
to the steering wheel of a high-performance motor car, allowing the
gears to be changed up or down in a single movement, and without
pressing the clutch. It is a form of sequential shifter.The placement
of paddle shifters on the back of the steering wheel or on the
steering column meant drivers no longer had to take their hands off
the wheels to manually shift using a gear lever. This made it easier
for drivers to maintain control at extremely high racing speeds or in
demanding situations that required both hands on the wheel.
 History

 Paddle shifters, first developed as the controls for semi-automatic

gearboxes in Ferrari Formula One race cars during the late 1980s
 Eventually this style of shifting found its way in high-performance
supercars in the late 1990s. From there paddle shifters migrated to more
and more mainstream vehicles. Today they're found on everything from
minivans to small compact hatchbacks to luxury full-size SUVs.
 Transmissions in paddle shifter

 Today's automatic transmissions are usually divided into three types: a conventional
automatic, a continuously variable transmission (CVT) and a dual-clutch
transmission (DCT).
 CVT and conventional automatic transmissions use a torque converter, a
component that uses fluid in the gearbox to manage gear changes.
 A dual-clutch design -- often found on performance vehicles or high-end cars -- use
a pair of internal clutches that engage and disengage. One set of clutches controls
the odd gears (1, 3, 5, 7) and the other even gears (2, 4, 6 and sometimes 8).
 These DCTs offer nearly instantaneous gear changes because they use computers
to determine the gear you're going to need next and has it ready to engage the
moment the engine speed reaches the right RPM. It's this complication and
performance abilities that impact the types of vehicles they're in.
 Paddle shifters can be used to control any of these transmissions, although the
difference is more pronounced with a dual-clutch setup.
 Purpose of the paddle shifter

 Advantages that automatic transmissions equipped

with paddle shifters (sometimes called flappypaddles) have
over manual gearboxes include flexibility. ... Paddle
shifters almost universally include some electronic
safeguards, so that you can't do any engine or transmission
damage by shifting at the wrong time.
 Using paddle shifter
 Paddle shifters are typically used for going incrementally up or down by one gear at
a time, and they are often marked with a plus and minus sign. The paddle on the left
side of the steering wheel shifts the transmission down a gear, while the one on the
right shifts it up a gear. In this manner, paddle-shifting simulates a clutchless manual
transmission.
 For the most part, paddle shifters are ready to be engaged anytime the transmission
is set to Drive. When you upshift or downshift by tapping or pulling the levers, your
transmission holds the chosen gear for a few seconds and then reverts back to
automatic. To cancel this override, just maintain pressure on one of the paddles for
a little longer.
 Many transmissions that have paddle shifters also have a Manual mode. By putting
your gear selector into Manual, the vehicle's computers then wait to shift the
transmission until you pull the appropriate paddle.
 If you have your car in Manual mode and forget to shift, most vehicles' fail-safe
mechanisms will eventually upshift even if you haven't pulled on the paddle.
 Ditto for downshifting: if you pull the downshift lever when the engine is revving too
high to safely execute a downshift, the computer will override your request.
 Working

 Paddle shifters let drivers electrically shift their vehicle's automatic

transmission. Rather than the traditional clutch pedal and gear-
shift lever on a manual transmission, drivers with an automatic
transmission simply pull on the paddle itself to manually change
gears.On most vehicles, the paddle on the right will upshift (shift
to a higher gear when you’re speeding up) while the paddle on
the left will downshift (shift to a lower gear when you’re slowing
down).Vehicles with paddle shifters are fully automatic -- they'll
shift on their own if you leave the paddles alone.
Working daigram
 Up shifting

: Some paddle shifters let you start off in second gear instead of first;
reducing the amount of torque that is sent to your vehicle’s drive
wheels. This helps to prevent wheel spin in order to achieve and
maintain good traction in the snow
 Down shifting

 Cornering: When you need to rapidly slow down and tightly turn a
corner, using the left paddle to lower your transmission down by a gear or
two as you turn provides extra torque to maneuver quickly.

 Going downhill: When you're headed downhill in bad weather or when

you're towing something, using the left paddle to downshift can help your
engine to control the load’s weight better. This prevents excess wear-and-
tear on your brakes, which can otherwise rapidly overheat, and skidding.
You might think that downshifting would damage the transmission, but it’s
designed to be used this way: The computer won’t allow the vehicle to
redline
 Shifting methods
 Pneumatic shifters
 • Requires Tank
 • Limited number of shift with no
Air Compressor
 • Air compressor has large power
consumption and weight
Electronic Actuator
• Uses short bursts of power
• Unlimited Shifts
• Does not require other
components to function
GEAR CONTROL UNIT(GCU)

 Sophisticated control unit that uses closed-loop

sensors to control any paddle shifting system.
 Containing all of the inputs and outputs that
receive the system information and then control
the various outputs to perform the shift
operations
 A high speed processor controls all of the
functionality precisely and reliably, ensuring
fast, safe shifts every time
 Pedal shifter in automatic Car

Paddle shifters let drivers electrically shift their

vehicle's automatic transmission. Rather than the traditional
clutch pedal and gear-shift lever on a manual transmission,
drivers with an automatictransmission simply pull on
the paddle itself to manually change gears
 Buy a car with pedal shifter

 Fun and performance are the primary motivations for using paddle
shifters, both on and off of the racetrack. While automatic
transmissions are remarkably responsive, many people still like to
have the ability to manually shift if they need to.
 Shifting gears manually can also be a safety advantage, particularly in
bad weather on a slippery descent; shifting to a lower gear can use the
engine speed to slow down the car rather than using the brakes, which
could cause the car to skid.
Conclusion
THANKS TO ALL