WARMLY WELCOME FROM

MY PRESENTATION
 Digital Trainer Board for
Laboratory
Supervisor : Daw Than Than Min
Date:8.3.2019

Persent By : Mg Toe Ngwe Tun VI-EC-84

 Outline of Presentation
Introduction
Aim and Objectives
Scope of the thesis
Methodology
-Overall Block Diagram
-Operation of the system
-Components
-Circuit Diagram
-Their Operation
-Proteus Simulation
Expected Outcome
Limitations
Test and Result
Future Plan
Conclusion
 Introduction
 Digital electronics is now used in all fields of electronics from
computers to digital phones.
 A teaching device which prototyping digital electronic circuits
are known as “Digital Trainer Board”.
 Digital trainer board is a self contained set of electronic
circuits that can be interlinked by students to create working
circuits.
 The purpose of this thesis is to provide a method for students
to test digital circuits, with a simple and inexpensive digital
trainer.
 Aim and Objective
The aims are as follow:
 To design the trainer board.
 To benefit the electronic student
The Objectives are
• To apply the theory and characteristics of AND, OR, NOT,
NAND, NOR, Exclusive OR, Exclusive NOR gates.
• To apply the theory and characteristics of 555 timer IC.
• To apply the theory and characteristics of Counter.
• To apply the theory and characteristics of Adder.
• To apply the theory and characteristics of Decoder.
• To apply the theory and characteristics of Shift Register.
• To design Printed Circuit Board
 Scope of the Thesis
The scope of the thesis are as follows:
 To study the concepts of active low and active
high logic signals.
 To know the advantages of a digital trainer board.
 To understand Full Adder, Half Adder, Up\Down
counter, Decade counter.
 To understand the Monostable circuit and Astable
circuit.
 To design the power supply.
 The DIGITAL and ANALOG Trainer Board
 It is intended for elementary as well as advance
training of Digital and Analog electronics.
 The trainer covers regular digital and analog circuits
by solder-less interconnections on breadboard.
 Various clock generators, logic level input/output
indicators and DC regulated power supplies etc. are
in-built.

The DIGITAL and ANALOG Trainer Board

 Methodology
Power Supply

5V -5V Gnd -12V 12V

Basic gates

Counters

7 Segment
Adders

Test Bench Bread Board

Shift Register

LED

Decoder

Switch
Decade counter

555 Timer
Fig; Overall Block Diagram of System
 Operation of the system
• A decoder is a device whose output is activated only when
a unique binary combination is presented on its input.
• Decade counter is a CMOS counter/driver integrated circuit
, actually a decade counter with 10 decode output. Decade
counter is using for running light.
• 555 IC has a variety of applications including monostable
and astable circuit.
• The operation of the shift register is moved either right or
left for its output.
• 7 Segment is to show the output of Up/Down counter.
• Printed Circuit Board can be designed by using Proteus
Software.
 Decoder
• A decoder is a logic circuit that accepts a set of inputs that represent a
binary number and activates only the output that corresponds to that
input number.
• The decoders are used in analog to digital conversion in analog
decoders.
• The 74LS138 decodes one-of-eight lines, based upon the conditions at
the three binary select inputs and the three enable inputs.
 7 Segment
• A 7 segment display has found
many uses to display decimal
numbers ranging from 0—9
and other characters that may
be created.
• There are two types of 7
segment. They are 7 segment
cathode and 7 segment anode.
 Decade Counter(4017)
• A decade counter is a
binary counter that is
designed to count to 1010.
• DC Input Voltage ,-0.5 to
VDD + 0.5 V .
• The 4017 is a monolithic
integrated circuit
fabricated in Metal Oxide
Semiconductor
technology available in
DIP and SOP packages.
• Inputs include a CLOCK,
a RESET, and a CLOCK
INHIBIT signal.
• Used for running light
 Adder
• An adder is a digital logic circuit in electronics that implemets
addition of numbers.
• Adders are classified into two types;
-Full Adder
-Half Adder
• A full adder adds binary numbers and accounts for values carried in as
well as out.
• A half adder is a combinational arithmetic circuit that adds two
numbers and produces a sum bit(S) and carry bit (C) as the output.

Fig; Full adder Fig; Half adder

 Counters
• A counter is a device which stores and displays the number of
times a particular evevt or process has occurred, often in
relationship to a clock signal.
• A counter circuit is usually constructed of a number of flip-
flops connect in cascade.
• Counters are widely used in digital circuits and integrated
circuits.
• There are many types of counters such as Decade, Up/Down,
Cascade etc…
• Up/down counter counts both up and down, under command
of a control input.
 555 Timer
• 555 Timer IC is a monolithic timing circuit that can produce accurate and highly
stable time delays or oscillation.
• It has a variety of applications including monostable and astable multivibrators,
waveform generators, analog frequency meters and voltage regulators etc.
• It operates from a wide range of power supplies ranging from + 5 Volts to + 18
Volts supply voltage.
• The duty cycle of the timer is adjustable with the maximum power dissipation per
package is 600 mW and its trigger and reset inputs are logic compatible.
 Basic Logic Gates
AND gate (7408)
• 5V power supply
• The output of an AND
gate is high if and only
if all the inputs are high.
• In 7408 IC, there are 4
and gates.
Input Input Output
0 0 0
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
Schematic Circuit Diagram and Proteus
Simulation of the System
Decoder
Proteus Simulation for Decoder
Decade Counter
Proteus Simulation for Decade Counter
Full Adder
Proteus Simulation for Full Adder
Half Adder
Proteus Simulation for Half Adder
Shift Register
Proteus Simulation for Shift Register
Up-Down Counter
Proteus Simulation for Up Down
Counter
Astable 555 Timer
Proteus Simulation for Astable 555
Timer
Monostable 555 Timer
Proteus Simulation for Monostable
555 Timer
Logic Gates
AND Gate
OR Gate
NAND Gate
NOR Gate
NOT Gate
 XOR Gate

U1

A
XOR D1
LED-YELLOW

K
R1 R2
10k 10k

R3
330
 XNOR Gate

U1 U2

A
NOT
XOR
D1
LED-YELLOW
R1 R2

K
10k 10k

R3
330
 Text and Result
• Testing the AND gate
U1

D1
AND LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330

U1

D1
AND LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330
NAND gate (7400)
• 5V power supply
• The output of NAND
gate is high when only
one input is low.
• In 7400 IC,there are 4
nand gates.

Input Input Output

0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
• Testing the NAND gate
U1

NAND D1
LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330

U1

NAND D1
LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330
OR gate (7432)
• 5V power supply
• The output of OR gate
is high when only one is
high.
• In 7432 IC, there are 4
OR gate.
Input Input Output
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 1
• Testing The OR gate
U1

OR D1
LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330

U1

OR D1
LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330
NOR gate (7402)
• 5V power supply
• The output of OR gate
is high when the inputs
are low.
• In 7402 IC, there are 4
NOR gate.
Input Input Output
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 0
• Testing the NOR gate
U1

NOR D1
LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330

U1

NOR D1
LED-YELLOW

R1 R2
10k 10k R3
330
NOT gate (7404)
• 5V power supply
• The output of NOT gate
is high when the input is
low.
• In 7404 IC, there are 6
not gates.

Input Output

0 1

1 0
• Testing the NOT gate
U1

NOT
D1
LED-YELLOW

R1
10k R3
330

U1

NOT
D1
LED-YELLOW

R1
10k R3
330
XOR gate
• 5V power supply
• The output of XOR gate
is high when one input
is low and one input is
high.
• In 7486 IC, there are 4
xor gates. Input Input Output
0 0 0
0 1 1
1 0 1
1 1 0
• Testing the XOR gate
U1

A
XOR D1
LED-YELLOW

K
R1 R2
10k 10k

R3
330

U1
A

XOR D1
LED-YELLOW
K

R1 R2
10k 10k

R3
330
XNOR gate
• 5V power supply
• The output of XNOR
gate is high when two
inputs are low and high.
• In IC, there are 4 xnor
gates.
Input Input Output
0 0 1
0 1 0
1 0 0
1 1 1
• Testing the XNOR gate
U1 U2

A
NOT
XOR
D1
LED-YELLOW
R1 R2

K
10k 10k

R3
330

U1 U2
A

NOT
XOR
D1
LED-YELLOW
R1 R2
K

10k 10k

R3
330
• R1=10k,R2=10k,V=5V
V=IR
I=V/R
I=5/10K
I=0.2mA
Two 10k resistors are used in this gates because to
reduce the current while passing into the gates.
• R2=330,I=10mA
V=IR
V=330x10m
V=3.3V
To reduce the voltage while passing into the LED.
 Expected Outcome

• The proposed system can be used in real world

and be able to give a special learning for
electronic engineers.
• The digital board is a good practicing for
student .
 Limitation

• This digital Trainer board is a basic

concept project.
• It cannot be used a big testing over 12V.
 Future Plan

• To test 555 Timer and decade counter.

• To test Up/down counter, full adder and half
adder.
• To Test decoder and shift register.
• To design power supply and printed circuit
board.
 Conclusion
• The calculation of power supply using formula.
• Testing the output of 555 timer.
• Testing the output of up down counter and
decade counter.
• Testing the output of shift register and decoder.
• Testing the output of adders such as full adder and
half adder.