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Lecture No. 5
Nucleoproteins
• Nucleoproteins are conjugated roteins
wherein the non-protein portion belong to
the class of compounds called nucleic
acids.
• The protein component of the
nucleoproteins are the simple proteins,
albumin, histones and protamines.
What are Nucleic Acids?
• Life itself began its evolution with nucleic acids,
for only they, of all biological substances, carry
the remarkable potential for self-duplication.
• Nucleic acids act as repositories and
transmitters of genetic information for every cell,
tissue and organism.
• The blueprint of an organism is encoded in its
nucleic acid.
• Much of an organism’s individual development
throughout life is programmed in these
molecules.
Chromosomes
Chromosomes
• A chromosome is a long strand of DNA that
contains certain genes. These genes are
portions of the DNA strand and carry the
genetic information of the cell.
• In an eukaryotic cell, there are multiple
chromosomes, and each of these is art of a
pair.
• Both of the chromosomes in a air contains
the genes for the same trait.
• A sequence of bases along a DNA strand that
codes for the production of a protein is
known as a gene.
44+XX
Chromosome Mapping
Parts of a Chromosome
• 1 - Chromatid
• 2 - Centromere
• 3 – Short arm
• 4 – Long arm
DNA Model
How long is the DNA?
• Each cell contains enough DNA to form a
thread extending about 2 m (about 7 feet).
Proteins are
colored in blue,
RNA in orange.
5
DNA RNA