PRODUCTION

TUBEWELL

S.M. IHTISHAMUL HUQ

Adviser, JICA

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CONTENTS
Design of Production Well
• What is a Production Well and Type
• Components of Production Well
• Factor to be Considered in Design
• Design of Screen
• Design of Housing Pipe
• Design of Gravel Pack
Installation
• Drilling
• Lowering
• Gravel Packing
• Clay sealing
• Development
• Pump Testing
• Capping

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WHAT IS A PRODUCTION WELL
A Well installed in a water bearing
aquifer which produces large volume of
water per hour, depending on
requirement, by a motorized pump.

-May be a Shallow Large Dia

Well
-May be a Deep Large Dia
Well
It is also called Deep Tube Well

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Types of well

a) Vertical Well
b) Horizontal /Lateral well

In Bangladesh only vertical

production wells are
installed.

Vertical wells are of two

types
1. Natural Packed or Non
Shrouded well and
2. Artificial Packed or
Shrouded well

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 COM PONENT OF PRODU CTION WELL

Pump-Motor

Housing Pipe

Blind/Casing Pipe

Gravel Packing
Strainer

Bail Plug/Sand Trap

DIA GRA M OF PRODU CTION WELL

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 F A C T O R T O B E C O N S ID E R E D IN D E S IG N

• D ischarge Requirem ent per hour

• Aquifer C haracteristics
• Geolog ic C ondition

Unconfined Aquifer C onfined Aquifer

Q = 1.366 K (H² –h²) Q = 2.73 K b (H –h)

Log R/r Log R/r

K= hydraulic conductivity m³/day/m²

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 Unconfined Aquifer Confined Aquifer
r R R
r

SWL SWL

H H
PWL PWL

h
h
b

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Some Basic Ideas on Geology and Hydro-geology

Hydrological Cycle

Use of Source
- Surface water
- Groundwater

Extraction of
Groundwater now
becoming non –
renewable source

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S o m e B asic Id e as o n G e o lo g y an d H y d ro -g e o lo g y

An o t he r Risk in t he Wat e r C y c le

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S o m e B asic Id e as o n G e o lo g y an d H y d ro -g e o lo g y

Aqu if e r

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S o m e B asic Id e as o n G e o lo g y an d H y d ro -g e o lo g y

Perm e ab ilit y/ G o o d Aquif e r

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S o m e b asic p aram e t e rs o n g ro u n d w at e r h yd rau lic s
re qu ire d in d e sig n in g Pro d u c tio n W ell

• S tat ic W at e r Leve l
• Pu m p in g W at e r Leve l
• Draw d o w n
• S p ec if ic C ap ac it y o f th e w ell
• C o n e o f In flu e n c e
• Tran sm issivit y C o -e f f ic ie n t
• S to rag e C o -e f f ic ie n t

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 S TE PS IN DE S IG N IN G A PRO DU C TIO N W E LL

S train e r
• To Kn o w h yd ro -g e o lo g ic al c o n d it io n o f th e
are a fro m o th er so u rc e s
• C o n d u c t in g Test Drillin g
• Pre p arat io n o f B o rin g Lo g
• G e o p hysic al E le c t ric Lo g g in g
• Testin g o f W at e r Qu alit y
• S ele c t io n o f g o o d aqu if e r
• S ie ve An alysis o f san d sam p le
• G rave l p ac k d e sig n
• Fixin g th ic kn ess o f g rave l p ac k ( 150 m m to
200 m m )
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 S train e r

• Det e rm in at io n o f S lo t o p e n in g
• S ele c t io n o f strain e r typ e
• S ele c t io n o f d iam e t e r o f strain e r
b ase d o n u p -h o le velo c it y
1.52 m /sec
• Fin d in g o p e n are a p er m e t e r o f
strain e r
• Fixin g sc re e n le n g th ( en t ran c e
velo c it y
0.33 m /s

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 S TE PS IN DE S IG N IN G A PRO DU C TIO N W E LL

H O U S IN G PIPE

• Kno w m axim u m St at ic Wat e r Leve l

• Kno w Pu m p in g Wate r Leve l
• Antic ip ate c lo g g in g an d rate o f d e c re ase d yie ld
• Se le c tio n o f Pu m p Typ e
• Pu m p d iam e te r b ase d o n d isc harg e (Pu m p B o w l)
• Se le c tio n o f H o u sin g Pip e Mate rial
• Diam e te r o f ho u sin g p ip e an d thic kn e ss
• Jo in t b e tw e e n ho u sin g & b lin d p ip e
• Fixin g b o re ho le d iam e t e r o f the p ro d u c t io n w e ll

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 Test Tubewell of dia 38 mm
Steps
1. Determination of Depth
2. Selection of drilling method
3. Soil sample collection
4. Preparation of boring log
5. Conduct geophysical electric logging
6. Selection of screen location
7. Lowering of screen and pipe with pump
8. Development
9. Water sample collection
10.Testing water quality at laboratory
11. Soil analysis (Sieve analysis) at laboratory

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 Deep depth
Test Tubewell

Shallow depth

Sludger Method

Water Jet (Donkey) Method

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 TEST DRILLING

Sample Collection

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19
Geophysical Electric Logging

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DESIGN OF A WELL

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120

SIEVE ANALYSIS AND GRAVEL PACK DESIGN

100 Sieve Openong Amount Retained u
Percent Retained Cumelative Percent
in mm gram Retained
1.17 34 8.99 8.99
0.84 85 22.49 31.48
80 0.58 120 31.75 63.23
0.41 60 15.87 79.10
0.3 38 10.05 89.15
0.2 26 6.88 96.03
60 0 15 3.97 100.00
Total 378 100.00

40

20

0
0 0.5 1 1.5
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 GRAVEL PACK DESIGN
1. T ake a p o in t 4
120
tim e s o f 70%
retain e d.
100
2. D raw a c urve o n
trial & erro r basis so
that the unifo rm ity
80
c o e ffic ie n t is < 2.5
3. Unifo rm ity
60
c o e ffic ie n t =
D 40/D 90 (R e tain e d)
4. O p e n in g at 90%
40
retain e d is the slo t
o p e n in g o f the
20 strain e r

0
0 0.5 1 1.5
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110

100

90

80

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

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 U =1.55, U= 1.70, U= 2.11
110

100

90

80
Cumulative percent Retained

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5

Opening in mm
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Installation
• Drilling
• Lowering
• Gravel Packing
• Clay sealing
• Development
• Pump Testing
• Capping

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Drilling Methods
1. Cable tool method
2. Water Jetting method
3. Direct Rotary Method
4. Reverse Rotary Method

In Bangladesh Common use

are method 3 & 4

Drilling diameter should be

20cm larger dia than outer dia
of casing pipe

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28
Fixture Installation

- Sand trap
- Screen with
centralizer
- Blind pipe
- Reducer
- Housing pipe
- Shrouding Material
Jointing must be perfect, properly welded and as far as
possible keep vertical.
Shrouding materials should be cleaned and over &
under sized particle must be sieved out.
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Alert

During drilling
and installation
sufficient care
should be taken to
avoid side caving.

When necessary
Casing pipe must
be used to protect
caving.
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 Steps:
Development 1. Clean mud and dart by
pumping
2. Over pumping successively
Purposes increased to 2 times higher
- To stabilize the than the design discharge
formation 3. Compressed air for pumping
- Create more porosity and back surging
4. Clean by over pumping
around the screen 5. Chemical treatment if yield is
Methods: not to desire level
- Over pumping and 6. Repeat Chemical treatment
backwashing 7. Final over pumping up to 2
- Mechanical Surging times higher than the design
discharge
- Surging with air 8. Every time observe SWL, PWL
- Hydraulic Jetting and discharge– this will
- Using dispersing agents indicate stage of development
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Pumping Test

1. Step drawdown test 3-4 step

2. Continuous pumping test

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 Checking
Points
1. Static Water
Level
2. Pumping
Water Level
3. Height of
Piezometer
level
Oo

6 x 5 inches orifice Q= 124.4√h, = 6220√h IGPH

6 x 4 inches orifice Q= 64.5√h, = 3225√h IGPH and
6 x 3 inches orifice Q= 33.2√h, = 1660√h IGPH
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34
Pumping Test Data
Analysis

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Reference for
Production
tubewell design
and installation

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37
Thanks

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