DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT

TYPICAL DRILLING STRING

ITEM ITALIANO INGLESE

1 TESTA D’INIEZIONE SWIVEL HEAD

2 FILETTATURA FEMMINA SINISTRA LH THREAD BOX CONNECTION

GIUNTO CONNESSIONE FILETTO TESTA

3 SWIVEL SUB (LH - LH)
D’INIEZIONE (SINISTRO - SINISTRO)

VALVOLA DI SICUREZZA SUPERIORE ASTA

4 UPPER KELLY COCK (LH – RH)
MOTRICE

5 ASTA MOTRICE KELLY (SQUARE OR HEXAGON)

VALVOLA DI SICUREZZA INFERIORE ASTA

6 LOWER KELLY COCK (RH – RH)
MOTRICE

GIUNTO DI PROTEZIONE DEL FILETTO

7 KELLY SAVER SUB
DELL’ASTA MOTRICE

8 PROTETTORE IN GOMMA RUBBER PROTECTOR

9 FILETTO FEMMINA DEL TOOL JOINT TOOL JOINT BOX

10 ASTA DI PERFORAZIONE DRILL PIPE

11 FILETTO MASCHIO DEL TOOL JOINT TOOL JOINT PIN

12 RIDUZIONE FILETTATA CROSS OVER

13 ASTA PESANTE DRILL COLLAR

14 GIUNTO DI CONNESSIONE SCALPELLO ROCK BIT SUB

15 SCALPELLO ROCK BIT

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
TYPICAL DRILLING STRING

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT

BOTTOM HOLE ASSEMBLIES

STRING STABILIZER

STRING STABILIZER
STRING STABILIZER
30’ NON-MAGNETIC 30’ NON-MAGNETIC
DRILL COLLAR DRILL COLLAR
30’ NON-MAGNETIC
DRILL COLLAR
STRING STABILIZER STRING STABILIZER

10’ DRILL COLLAR 10’ DRILL COLLAR

10’ DRILL COLLAR

NEAR BIT STABILIZER NEAR BIT STABILIZER

NEAR BIT STABILIZER

BIT BIT BIT

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
ROLLER REAMER
INTRODUCTION
Reamers are used in drilling operations to to smooth the wall finish for easier logging
and casing runs, to maintain full gauge hole size, improve bit performance and bit life,
reduce torque and vibration, and to ream out dog legs, key seats and ledges.
When a key seat or dog leg develops during drilling, a roller reamer is most effective
in bringing the hole back to full gauge making it a preferred alternative to the key
seat wiper and tapered blade reamer.
These are available in three (3) point, four (4) point, six (6) point and eight (8) point
cutter configurations.
A wide variety of reamers and wipers are available, including:
- Slant Roller Reamers
- Straight Roller Reamers
- Near Bit Roller Reamers
- Stabilized Roller Reamers
- Keyseat Wipers
- Tapered Blade Reamers

BOX – PIN CONNECTION

THREE (3) POINT CUTTER
ROLLER REAMER
REMOVABLE – INTERCHANGEABLE
INSERT CUTTERS DOUBLE BOX CONNECTION
SIX (6) POINT CUTTER
INSERT CUTTERS EXPLOSION ROLLER REAMER
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT

ROLLER REAMER

ROLLER REAMER THREE (3) POINT ROLLER REAMER THREE (6) POINT

1.1 – 26", 3 point, near bit type, 7" 5/8 regular, double box 1.15 – 26", 6 point, string connection type, 7" 5/8 regular
1.2 – 26", 3 point, string connection type, 7" 5/8 regular, pin – box 1.16 – 17" ½, 6 point, string connection type, 7" 5/8 regular
1.3 – 17" ½, 3 point, near bit type, 7" 5/8 regular, double box 1.17 – 12" ¼, 6 point, string connection type, 6" 5/8 regular
1.4 – 17" ½, 3 point, string type, 7" 5/8 regular, pin – box 1.18 – 8" ½, 6 point, string connection type, 4" ½ IF
1.5 – 12" ¼, 3 point, near bit type, 6" 5/8 regular, double box 1.19 – 8" 3/8, 6 point, string connection type, 4" ½ IF
1.6 – 12" ¼, 3 point, string type, 6" 5/8 regular, pin – box 1.20 – 6", 6 point, string connection type, 3" ½ IF
1.7 – 8" ½, 3 point, near bit type, 4" 1/2 regular x 4" ½ IF, double box 1.21 – 5" 7/8, 6 point, string connection type, 3" ½ IF
1.8 – 8" ½, 3 point, string type, 4" ½ IF, pin – box
1.9 – 8" 3/8, 3 point, near bit type, 4" 1/2 regular x 4" ½ IF, double box
1.10 – 8" 3/8, 3 point, string type, 4" ½ IF, pin – box
1.11 – 6", 3 point, near bit type, 3" 1/2 regular x 3" ½ IF, double box
1.12 – 6", 3 point, string type, 3" ½ IF, pin – box
1.13 – 5" 7/8, 3 point, near bit type, 3" 1/2 regular x 3" ½ IF, double box
1.14 – 5" 7/8, 3 point, string type, 3" ½ IF, pin – box
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
ROLLER REAMER
CARTRIDGE REMOVAL - INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

REMOVAL
- Clean cavity of drilling mud and debris, pay careful attention to the bolt hole recess in the
cartridge upper cusp, making sure that the bolt internal drive hex is 100% clean for the
entire depth.
- It is important that API modified dope is pushed into the bolt hole cavity to prevent galling
between bolt head and upper cusp.
- Work the bolt in a back and forth motion in half rotations. (Fig. 1)
- Apply an anti-clockwise motion with a suitable breaker bar.
- Ensure pin head has released from the upper cusp by applying a sharp downward blow with
a copper mallet.
- Repeat process if necessary until pin head is free from cusp. (Fig. 2)
- Lever the cartridge from the cavity using a pry bar in the now exposed slot in the upper
cusp. (Fig. 3)
- Repeat this process for the remaining cartridges.
- Thoroughly clean, inspect and maintain body for future use.
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
ROLLER REAMER
CARTRIDGE REMOVAL - INSTALLATION PROCEDURE

INSTALLATION
-Apply a thin fi lm of clean API modified dope to cartridge cavity walls, floor & thread of bolt hole.
- Remove new cartridge assembly from box ,check correct part number for the intended reamer
gauge diameter.
- Visually check goods for any transport damage.
- Apply a thin fi lm of API modified dope to all mating surfaces, underneath bolt head and thread.
Ensure coating is uniform and thinly applied.(Fig. 4)
- Insert cartridge as image displays. (Fig. 3)
- Lower and seat cartridge being aware of potential pinch points.
- Using the supplied internal hex drive, engage bolt, rotate bolt clockwise drawing the cusp down
into the body until hand tight.
- Using a currently calibrated torque wrench, set torque figure to minimum torque recommended as
engraved on upper cusp.
- Rotate clockwise until desired torque figure is reached.
- Physically check upper cusp is flush with pin head. If not, increase torque by 20lb/ft and repeat
process until cusp is flush. Do not exceed maximum recommended torque. (Fig. 5)
- Repeat process for remaining two cartridges.
- Recheck all torque values on bolts.

TORQUE RATING
5" 7/8 to 6" ¾ 85 ft/lbs

7" 7/8 to 10" 5/8 150 – 200 ft/lbs

12" to 14" ¾ 200 - 280 ft/lbs

16" to 28" 200 – 280 ft/lbs
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT

ROLLER REAMER

RING GAUGING
- Rotate each cutter so that the carbide button marked "X" it at top dead centre.
- Place PDC ring gauge over cutters and locate at top dead centre carbide already
positioned and press gauge against two cutters. Measure gap to the third cutter and
divide the result by 1.5 to establish actual gauge size. (Fig. 6)

REPLACING DAMAGED RECOIL

- Use correct safety equipment....
- Insert recoil extractor 90° from coil start.
- Strike extractor on top.
- Maintain downward force and rotate anti-clockwise until recoil is removed.
- Discard damaged recoil and visually check thread for damage.
- Engage correct recoil with installer ensuring tang is aligned correctly.
- While applying downward pressure and maintaining alignment, rotate clockwise until
top of recoil is fl ush with top of island, then rotate an additional 180° clockwise.
- Tang at base of recoil must now be removed. Insert punch and apply a sharp
downwards blow. Lift out broken tang and discard.
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
STABILIZERS
INTRODUCTION
A drilling stabilizer is a down hole equipment used in the Bottom Hole Assembly (BHA) of a drilling string.
It’s purpose is to mechanically stabilize the BHA in the bore hole in order to avoid unintentional sidetracking, vibrations, and ensure the quality of the hole
being drilled. It is composed of a hollow cylindrical body and stabilizing blades, both made of high-strength steel. The blades can be either straight of
spiralled, and are hardfaced for wear resistance.
Several types of drilling stabilizers are used in the oilfield today such as:
- Integral Blade Drill Stabilizers
- Replaceable Sleeve Drill Stabilizer
- Non Rotating Drill Stabilizer
- Float Valve Drill Stabilizer
- Variable Diameter Drill Stabilizer
- Unbalanced Spiral Drill Stabilizer
- Spherical Drill Stabilizer
Usually two (2) to three (3) stabilizers are fitted into the BHA, including one just above the drill bit (near-bit stabilizer) and one or two among the drill
collars (string stabilizers).

INTEGRAL SPIRAL BLADE DRILL STABILIZER SPIRAL BLADE DRILL STABILIZER INTEGRAL STRAIGHT BLADE DRILL STABILIZER

NON-ROTATING DRILL STABILIZER REPLACEABLE SLEEVE DRILLING STABILIZER

FLOAT VALVE DRILL STABILIZER
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
STABILIZERS
INTRODUCTION

VARIABLE DIAMETER DRILLING STABILIZER UNBALANCED SPIRAL BLADE DRILL STABILIZER

SPHERICAL DRILL STABILIZER

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STABILIZERS
SLEEVE TYPE STABILIZERS
2.1 – 12" ¾ , sleeve type, near bit connection 6" 5/8 regular, double box
2.2 – 12" ¼ , sleeve type, string connection 6" 5/8 regular, pin – box
2.3 – 8" ½, sleeve type, near bit connection 4" ½ regular - 4" ½ IF,
double box
2.4 – 8" ½, sleeve type, string connection 4" ½ IF, pin – box
2.5 – 8" 3/8, sleeve type, near bit connection 4" ½ regular - 4" ½ IF,
double box
DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
2.6 – 8" 3/8, sleeve type, string connection 4" ½ IF, pin – box
2.7 – 6", sleeve type, near bit connection 3" ½ regular - 3" ½ IF, double box
2.8 – 6" 3/8, sleeve type, string connection 3" ½ IF, pin – box
2.9 – 5" 7/8, sleeve type, near bit connection 3" ½ regular - 3" ½ IF, double
box
2.10 – 5" 7/8, sleeve type, string connection 3" ½ IF, pin – box
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
STABILIZERS
MAINTENANCE PROCEDURE
STABILIZER TYPE - STABLE REPLACEABLE SLEEVE
The Interchangeable replaceable blade sleeve type stabilizer is a popular choice for remote
applications where as one mandrel can accommodate numerous hole sizes. The sleeves are easily
changed on the rig floor when either changing hole size or replacing a worn under-gauged sleeve.
A simple plate type breaker plate (available on request) enables easy make and beak-out using the
following procedure.

MAKE-UP (all new stabilizer supplied with hand mark up only)

- Ensure all components are clean, free from debris or packaging grease.
- Apply a light coat of API modified grease to Acme thread on Mandrel and Sleeve
- Screw the mandrel onto the sleeve hand tight
- Apply chain tongs to sleeve and tighten sleeve
- Install breaker plate in to rotary table and pick up mandrel and fit stabilizer sleeve into breaker
plate
- Apply appropriate torque from table below.

BREAK-OUT
- Once stabilizer is out of the hole, lay down
- Install breaker plate into rotary table
- Fit stabilizer into breaker plate aligning the blades into the grooves of the plate
- Break stabilizer sleeve from mandrel and apply ½ rotation
- Lay down stabilizer and use chain tong to remove the sleeve from the mandrel
- Visually inspect all threads for damage before installing a new sleeve.
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK

IBOP VALVES (UPPER - LOWER KELLY COCK)

The IBOP valves (Inside Blow Out Preventer) are cock manually activated that allow to close
the internal hole of drilling string to prevent, in case of blow out, the mud flow circulating
inside the drill pipes.
This valve can be installed up or down the kelly (upper – lower kelly cock) and in other
determinate points of drilling string.
They can have different functions and can be used like:
- SAFETY VALVE: Installed up and down the kelly with the function to break the mud flux
from the drill pipe in case of blow out;
- SAFETY HEAD: To keep on the drilling floor (in open postion) so you can easily installed on
the drill pipe in case of blow out during tripping operation.

IBOP VALVES

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK
UPPER KELLY COCK

UPPER KELLY COCK

The upper kelly cock shall be installed between the injection head (swivel)
and kelly bar. It’s consists of one way valve seal (from bottom to top) with
automatic locking system and thread left. The automatic closing occurs
when the valve is affected by a constant flow coming from the drill pipes.
The manual closing of the cock is made by turning 90° (1/4 turn) the pin
through a hexagonal socket wrench.
During normal operation the valve should be kept fully open to prevent
wear and avoid damage to the strip and its housing causing from the mud
flux.

CLOSE OPEN

LOWER KELLY COCK

LOWER KELLY COCK
The lower kelly cock is installed in the lower part of the kelly bar as an
additional safety valve is used to prevent the return flow from drill pipes
where the a kelly is completely out of the rotary table, and when the
upper kelly cock is not usable.
The closure is only a manual, through the special wrench available to
keep on the drilling floor.
It can be closed to allow unscrewing the kelly and install a sub (ex: Pin 4"
1/2 IF - Pin 2" API) with a valve (ex: lo-torque valve 2") and then connect
it to kill line.
In the top drive is installed the same type of valve with hydraulic drive.
During make-up connection, the lower kelly cock, is closed improperly
and used to prevent the escape of mud from the kelly bar.

CLOSE OPEN
 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK

Nominal size: 5" ¼

3.1 – Upper kelly cock for 5 ¼ kelly 6 5/8 REG LH box x 6 5/8 REG LH pin ID (Inside Diameter): 3.25"
working pressure 10.000 psi. Series: 788

Nominal size: 5" ¼

3.2 – Lower kelly cock for 5 ¼ kelly 4 ½ IF RH box x 4 ½ IF RH pin working ID (Inside Diameter): 3.06"
pressure 10.000 psi. Series: 724

Nominal size: 3" ½

3.3 – Lower kelly cock for 3 ½ kelly 3 ½ IF RH box x 3 ½ IF RH pin working ID (Inside Diameter): 2.25"
pressure 10.000 psi. Series: 722

MAIN INFORMATION
Kelly valve is used as a means of controlling inside blowouts.
These ball type valve are light weight, one piece body design, which makes it suitable to be used as a kelly valve and drill pipe safety valve, yet the body is long
enough to allow several recuts.
Kelly valves are designed and manufactured from materials that meet or exceed the requirements of the America Petroleum Institute (API) specification 7 (for
H₂S service contact factory or representative.)

DESIGN FEATURES
- Available in 10.000 and 15.000 psi working pressure
- High strength , on piece body design eliminates middle connection.
- Posi-stop stem design.
- Non upset outside diameter allows tripping thru BOP equipment.
-Easily maintained without the need of torquing equipment
-All internal parts are corrosion resistant and meet the requirements of NACE (National Association for Corrosion Engineers) standard MR0175. (Metallic
materials for oil field equipments)

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK

KELLY VALVES FOR H₂S SERVICE

The body of the kelly cock presents an unusual problem since it is actually a component part of the drill string and must have sufficient strength to
withstand the same torsional, bending and axial forces that are applied to the drilling string.
Material meeting the requirements of NACE MR 0175 (National Association for Corrosion Engineers Metallic materials for oil field equipments)
have certain inherent disadvantages when used for kelly cock bodies.
1.low alloy steels in the chrome molybdenum series are only acceptable to NACE at reduced hardness levels. This result in lower tensile load
capacity and reduced wear and galling resistance especially at the rotary shoulder connections.
2.Exotic materials, such as high nickel content alloys, are acceptable to NACE at adequate strength levels. However they are extremely expensive
and also have a tendency toward galling on the rotary shouldered connections.
3.Section II of NCE MR 0175 states that when service stresses require the use of materials having strengths greater than permitted for low alloy
steels that the drilling environment be controlled by:
- Maintaining sufficient hydrostatic head to minimize formation fluid inflow;
- Maintain drilling fluid PH at 10 or higher;
- Use of chemical sulfide scavengers;
- Use of drilling fluid where oil is the continuous phase.
In most cases the remainder of the drilling string, especially the drill pipe tool joints, is manufactured from materials which do not meet the
requirements of NACE MR 0175 and the drilling environment must be controlled to avoid sulfide stress cracking. It is therefore unnecessary to
specify a kelly cock body meeting the requirements of NACE.
Although can manufacture kelly cocks with bodies meeting the requirements of NACE, the majority of the kelly cocks supplied for drilling critical
sour wells have been made with standard alloy steel bodies with internal parts which fully meet the NACE requirements.
The decision of which option to select must be left to the customer and will depend on the severity of H₂S exposure and the materials used in the
balance of the drill string.

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK

INSTALLATION
- Valve should be connected only to new connections or connections which meet specifications in API RP 7G section 12.
- Thread compounds used on connections should comply with specifications in API Specification 7, appendix G.
- Connections should be torqued to recommendations in API RP 7G.

OPERATION
- Valve should be opened or closed fully, never left in partially opened or closed positions.
- When valve is in the closed position, pressure differential through valve must be reduced to a maximum of 1000 psi (69 bar) before attempting to
open valve.

INSPECTION
- Clean all parts thoroughly.
- Inspect body for cracks using magnetic particle and/or ultrasonic methods.
- Inspect all parts, especially the sealing areas, for damage, corrosion or excessive wear.
- Lap seats to ball to ensure a full ace seats.
- Toll joint connections should be inspected and repaired in accordance with API RP 7G Section 10.

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK
DISASSEMBLY
- Remove spiral retaining ring (15)
- Remove lock ring (7). If valve is dirty or corroded, a three leg internal puller may be required to re
move this lock ring.
- With ball (2) in open position, attach puller to lower seat (3) trough pin end and pull seat toward pin
to compress seat spring (10). Pry segmented retainer ring (6) into bore of valve and remove.
- Using puller, remove upper seat (5) through box end of valve.
- Pry segmented seat stop ring (4) into bore end of valve and remove.
- Turn ball (2) to closed position and remove through box end.
- Push operating stem (8) into valve bore and remove. Remove anti-friction ring (9).
- Remove puller from pin end and reattach to lower seat through box end and remove.
- Remove and discard all seals.

ASSEMBLY
- Install spring (10) into body (1).
- Install O-ring (16) with back up rings (17) in lower seat (3).
- Lubricate lower seat and body seal area with light grease and install lower seat in body.
- Install anti-friction ring (9) on to operating stem (8).
- Install seal (20) on operating stem. Lubricate stem and stem hole in body and install stem. Position
stem in closed position.
- Lightly coat ball (2) with grease and install in body ensuring groove in ball engages with rib on
operating stem.
- Install segments of seat stop ring (4) in body groove.
- Install O-ring (18) with back up rings (19) in upper seat (5).
- Lubricate upper seat and body seal area and install upper seat body.
- Using puller through pin end, engage with groove in upper seat bore and pull seat to compress the
internal assembly.
- Install segments of retainer ring (6) in body groove.
- Install lock ring (7) and spiral retaining ring (15). Check to ensure that the spiral retaining ring is
properly seated in groove.
- Open and close valve to check proper operation.
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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK

SERVICES SPECIFICATIONS

MODEL 722 724 788

Nominal size 3½ 5¼ 5¼
ID in (mm) 2.25 (57) 3.06 (78) 3.25 (83)
CONNECTIONS OD (in) Bevel Dia. (in) OD (in) Bevel Dia. (in) OD (in) Bevel Dia. (in)

NC 26 (2" 3/8 IF)

NC 31 (2" 7/8 IF)

4.594
NC 38 (3" 1/2 IF) 5.38
4.562

NC 40 (4" FH)
NC 46 (4" IF)

4"1/2 XH

4" 1/2 FH

NC 50 (4" 1/2 IF)

5" XH

UPPER KELLY VALVE

5.313
4" ½ REG LH 5.75
5.281

7.345 7.345
6" 5/8 REG LH 7.75 7.75
7.315 7.315

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK
TESTING
- Install appropriate test plug and test cap on threaded connections. Test plug should be equipped with a valve to allow bleeding air during pressure
testing. Test cap should be connected to hydrostatic testing system. Mount valve vertically with test plug and bleed valve at top.
- Open ball and bleed valve and fill with water and soluble oil mixture. When full, open and close ball several times to bleed all air from valve body.
Close bleed valve.
- Pressurize valve to rated working pressure. Check for leakage. No leakage permitted.
- Release pressure, open bleed valve and turn ball to closed position.
- Pressurize lower cavity to the rated working pressure. Maximum allowable pressure drop in five minutes is 100 psi ( 685.5 kPa).
- Release pressure, drain valve, and check operation of valve.
- Fill valve with hydraulic oil, close and open ball a few times and drain. Install thread protectors.
- Record serial number on maintenance and test reports for reference.
REMARKS: hydrostatic shell test at 15.000 psi for 10.000 psi working pressure.

MAINTENANCE
- Under normal service conditions, the valve should be serviced every six months.
- Pin and box threaded connections should be inspected and repaired in accordance with API RP7G, and consistent with the maintenance schedule of
the components to which the kelly valve is attached.
- Lubricate internal parts at assembly using any multipurpose lithium grease suitable for the minimum anticipated temperature.

TOOL STORAGE
- New tools are shipped painted. The threaded ends are chemplated with iron phosphate and coated with rust preventative coating. Thread
protectors are installed to eliminate mechanical damage.
- Note that before use, the rust preventive coating must be removed using petroleum base solvent (such as Varsol) and stiff bristle brush. A suitable
thread compound, meeting API Spec. 7, Appendix “G”, should be applied prior to make up.
- The above measures are intended to protect the tools for a period of 6 months under “normal” outdoor conditions. If storage is to be in areas of
adverse conditions or for extended lengths of time, additional protection may be required.
- If the kelly valve has been used and is to be stored for an extended period of time, it should be disassembled, cleaned inspected and reassembled
as per service instructions, Coat inside and outside with grease and install thread protectors.

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 DRILLING STRING EQUIPMENT
KELLY COCK
TOOL STORAGE
- The following storage conditions are recommended for maximum life:
• Storage in a dark place protected from light
• Store at 65°F (18°C) if possible. Never exceed 120°F (50°C)
• Avoid contamination with oil, grease, or other fluids.
• Protect from exposure to air ozone generating electrical devices.
• Store parts in their natural shape, do not hang O-rings on hooks.
• Rotate stored inventory on a first time come, firs used basis.
- For optimum storage life, rubber parts should be kept in sealed plastic bags or plastic lined paper bags and stored in closed cardboard containers.
- Prior to use, rubber parts should be inspected for signs of aging. Bend, stretch, or compress each part and check for cracks.

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