Electrical Safety and Reliability of

Electrical Systems

(1st Activity Meet at Mangalore)

15th & 16th December 2016

Indranil Ghosh
Learners & Winners
Training & Consultancy Pvt. Ltd.
Shop No. 2, Shree Ganesh CHS, Plot No. 18A-18B,
Sector 14, Sanpada, Navi-Mumbai 400705
E-mail: winnersacademy2010@gmail.com
Web site: www.lwtcpl.com
SAFETY IS AN ENDLESS JOURNEY

So remain awake and alert

….Safety first and always
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 Lightning Strike Kills
More Than 300 Reindeer in Norway

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 Electrical
Safety

Safe Use of Electricity

Safety and Reliability
What Can Go Wrong?
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 Safety and Reliability of
Electrical Systems
 Why do Electrical Accidents happen?
 Do you feel LEAKAGE is good?
 What are the Main Job of an Electrical O&M
engineer?
 Why SOPs, WI etc. fail?
 What are the common pitfalls?

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Dog sleeping very near to the Slip Ring
exciter of a 250MW H2 filled Generator

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 • Pen Type Neon Tester

• Insulating Tapes

• A-type Ladder

• Extent ion Board

• Flexible wires

Have You Banned

these Items?

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Good Operation Practices

• Only authorized persons to carry out

Jobs
• No bypassing of Interlocks &
Protection
• Operating within designed parameters
• Follow SOP
• No breach of safety rules
• Never use defective tools
• No metal ladder in Switch Yard
• Knowledge of First Aid & Fire Fighting
• Epithetical attitude towards all stake
holders
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One BAY or DIA

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Hybrid Switchgear
Your challenges in HV Substation
Engineering, Erection and Commissioning:

 More bays on less space

 Simpler layouts
 Highly competitive system
 Ease of erection & commissioning
 Shorter installation time
 Standardization & Modularization

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Advantage of Hybrid Sw. Gr.
– Like GIS but outdoor
– integrated functions enclosed in
one single module
– High reliability
– Low space requirements
– Fast erection and commissioning
Each module is – Low Life cycle cost
equivalent to a – Suitable for different
complete environmental conditions
switchgear bay – Almost zero maintenance

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 ABB – PASS M00
• 100 kV, 40 kA
• available in 2 configurations:
- Single Bus Bar (SBB)
- Double Bus Bar (DBB)
• Hybrid technology -Air Insulated
connections between modules and
bay functions in a single phase Gas
Insulated housing for Circuit
breakers, Disconnector, Earthing
switches, CT/PT, Bushings or Cable
enclosures

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Electrical Safety –
Common Pitfalls
• Accidents happens due to –
• Lack of awareness, knowledge etc.
• Psychological – carelessness, short cutting
etc.
• Accidents are avoidable if a safe operating system
is designed and followed
• Incorporation of safety at design stage
• Foolproof SOP
• Introduction of stringent rules
• Staff training
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Common Pitfalls of SOP
• Developed by –
• an individual – may overlook
• A group in silos – lack of integration
• A wrong person
• Rank & Files are not involved
• Experts’ opinions are not sought/honored
• Too much, too soon
• High expectation
• Failure to see the big picture
• Failure to implement

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DO NOT OPERATE!

The most effective way to

protect against electrical
hazards is to use LO/TO

Can Incident happen in

spite of LOTO application?

Case Study:
o 22kV Substation cable laying
o Fatal accident in MV indoor S/S

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CT Bursting – Design phenomenon:

According to location of tank

– Live tank
– Dead tank

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 Occurrence in brief:
• GTG of one CCPP Unit tripped due to communication card
failure (STG also tripped as per logic)
• Corresponding 220Kv BS was cleared by LBBU protection,
as B-phase pole of the GTG breaker II did not open although
it operating mechanism showing ‘OPEN’ indication
Sequence of events
Date and Time: 16.10.2005, 13:31 hrs.
• GTG and STG were carrying full load prior to the occurrence
• Both GTG & STG tripped
• 220kV Main Bus # VI , Bus fault lockout operated
• GTG and STG went back in service.
• GTG breaker II remained out for further investigation

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 Sequence of work carried
Faulty breaker pole was replaced by a spare one
• The test results of replaced breaker pole (except CO
timing) were found satisfactory.
• OEM representative made several attempts for CO
adjustment but failed.
• The breaker remained in service
Various operating timings recorded before final clearance
Phase Closing Time Opening Time of Opening Time of CO 1 Time CO2 Time
(ms) Trip Coil 1 (ms) Trip Coil 2 (ms) (ms) (ms)
A 112 19.0 18.8 43.2 41.2
B 110.2 19.0 18.6 28.8 27.8
C 110 18.8 18.6 36.6 37.8

Closing time and Opening timings are more or less same for all
three poles. However slight mismatch is seen in CO timings

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 OBSERVATIONS

Pole was dismantled in the presence of OEM persons

 Operating rod was found to be sheared off from the

coupling with moving contact
 The moving contact assembly was found to be sheared
off
 Root cause analysis for failure revealed manufacturing
defect

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 Once Again ---- after 2 months

 On 19/12/2004, B-phase current of GTG

Breaker II was found 'zero'

 The breaker was opened out for investigation

 The contact resistance of the B-phase breaker

pole was found very high (56 ohms)

 Similar sheering of operating rod observed

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E-mail: ighosh_airoli@hotmail.com