■Essential Question:

–How was China affected by global

changes during the Qing Dynasty?

■Warm-Up Question:
 A Review of Chinese History
■ From ancient times to 1900, China was the
most dominant & influential society in Asia
–Chinese culture spread to surrounding
neighbors, including Korea & Japan
–China was one of the most innovative
cultures in world history by developing
technologies such as, compass, printing,
silk, paper, & gunpowder
–Chinese civilization is unique in world
history because of its continuity over
4,000 years of history
 Quick Class Discussion:
What elements of Chinese culture remained
constant over the course of Chinese history
(from 3000 B.C. to 1900 A.D.)?
 Core Ideas AcrossChina
Chinese Historyfrom
was isolated
outsiders by deserts &
the Himalayan Mountains

This isolation led the Chinese to refer to themselves

as the “Middle Kingdom”, thought of outsiders as
barbarians, & rarely traded with foreign merchants
 ChinaChinese
Core Ideas Across was ruledHistory
by emperors
who claimed the Mandate of
Heaven (approval of the gods)
Dynasties could be
overthrown if they
lost the mandate
of heaven, called
the dynastic cycle
Since the Classical Era
of the Han Dynasty,
Chinese government
was run effectively by
educated bureaucrats
because of the
examination system
Core Ideas Across Chinese History
Rather than
following a
major world
religion, China
was influenced
by the ethical
system of
Confucianism
Buddhism was
introduced &
spread through
China during the
Han Dynasty
Chinese
Core luxury
Ideas AcrossChina was a reluctant
Chinese History
goods spread trade nation, but it was the
through Asia trend setter as other Asian
& Europe across nations adopted Chinese
the Silk Road writing, gov’t, & artistic styles
 Review of Chinese Dynasties
Eras in Chinese history are named
after the dynasties that were in power;
Each of these dynasties added unique
contributions in Chinese history
China began along the unpredictable Yellow & Yangtze
River
Rivers Valley
but only 10% Era (5000-1700
of China is suitable forB.C.)
farming
China’s first emperor (Qin Shi Huang-di) came
Qin Dynasty
to power, (316-206
gave “China” its name, &B.C.)
built the
Great Wall to protect from northern invasions
 China became an empire for the first time &
Han Dynasty
entered the Classical(206 B.C.-220
Era during the HanA.D.)
Dynasty

The Silk Road began

Chinese artisans The Confucian Buddhism was
mastered silk & Examination first introduced &
paper making System began began to spread
 China experienced a “golden age” was the most
Tang &&Song
powerful Dynasties
advanced (618-1279)
country in the world during
the Tang & Song Dynasties of the post-classical era

For the 1st time, A series of advanced inventions

foreign trade were developed, like gunpowder,
was encouraged compass, printing press, vaccines
 In 1279, Genghis’ grandson Kublai Khan
Yuan
became Dynasty
the first foreign (1271-1368)
leader to rule China;
The Mongols created the Yuan Dynasty

Marco Polo’s visit

during the Yuan
During the Pax Mongolica, Dynasty increased
the Silk Road was protected European demand for
& trade with China increased Chinese goods
To
During
protect
theMing
Mingemperors
Dynasty Chinese
from future
rule was
invasions,
restored,
the
Forbidden
emperorsMing
City Dynasty
encouraged
was (1368-1644)
builtforeign
in Beijing
trade
that
& no
exploration
one other
than
(Zheng
royalty
He)orfor
approved
the first bureaucrats
& only time in could
history
enter
 In 1644, northern invaders from Manchuria
QingChina
conquered Dynasty (1644-1911)
& created the second foreign
dynasty in Chinese history, the Qing Dynasty
■ Text

During this era of Manchu rule,

China grew to its largest size by claiming
Taiwan, central Asia, Mongolia, & Tibet
 Like the
Kangxi
era ofwas
Mongol
the first
rule,
emperor
Chinesetorejected
tour &
ledQing Dynasty
rebellions
China &against (1644-1911)
visit peasant
their Manchu
villagesrulers
■ Text

But,Kangxi
Emperor Kangxi
& later earnedrulers
Manchu Chinese respect
returned
by keeping
China toConfucian beliefs,
isolationism loweringstrict
by restoring taxes,
& restoring
adherencepeace and“Middle
to the prosperity to China
Kingdom”
 But, Qing China faced 2 important challenges
thatQing
wouldDynasty (1644-1911)
threaten China’s future strength
■ Text The introduction of new
American crops like corn
& sweet potatoes led to a
dramatic increase in the
Chinese population

The sharp rise in the number

of Chinese peasants would
lead to competition for land
& peasant uprisings
 But, Qing China faced 2 important challenges
thatQing
wouldDynasty (1644-1911)
threaten China’s future strength
■ Text

Europeans arrived with

European missionaries superior military technology,
& merchants arrived demanded that China trade
in Asia eager to gain with them, & refused to
access into China accept Chinese customs