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Chapter 19
Taxonomy
• The branch of biology dealing with the
classification of life.
• 1700s 2 kingdoms: plant and animal
• 1800s 3 kingdoms: plant, animal, and
protista
• 1950-1990s 5 kingdoms: plant, animal,
protista, fungi, monera
• Present: 6 kingdoms: eubacteria,
archaebacteria, protista, animal, plant,
fungi
Prokaryotes
• Traditionally all prokaryotes were
classified as Monerans Gr. 1. Single or
one
• Also known as bacteria (p.) or
bacterium (s.)
• Presently, the prokaryotes are divided
into two kingdoms.
1. K. Eubacteria
• example
– anthrax
3. Spirillum(spiral)
Example:
cholera, syphillis
Shapes:
Gram-positive bacteria
• Chemical nature of cell wall allows
these bacteria to retain the violet
stain.
• Can be harmed by antibiotics like
penicillin
• example: streptococcus
Gram-negative bacteria
• More difficult to penetrate cell wall.
• Usually more difficult to treat with
antibiotics
• Example: E-coli
Movement
• Lyme disease
• Tetanus
• Strep throat
• Tuberculosis
• E. coli poisoning
Controlling bacterial
disease.
• ANTIBIOTICS
• 1928. Discovery
of penicillin by
Sir Alexander
Flemming
• Came from a
mold.
Common methods of
bacterial infection.
• Food & water
(E. coli)
• Coughing &
sneezing
• Sexually
transmitted.
• Carried by
insects
Food disease prevention
• Keep hands, and cooking
utensils clean
• Canning and preservation
techniques with food.
• Pasteurization
• Freezing
How do we prevent viral
diseases?
• Viroid • Prion
• Small disease
• Small disease causing particle.
causing • Affects animals.
particle. • example:
• Affect plants
Assignment:
• Pages 493
• 1-10,11,12,13,19,22,23,24
• Page 495
• 1-12