The learners would be

able to determine the

nature of the roots of a
quadratic equation.
Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

1. Which of the numbers above are familiar

to you? Why? Describe these numbers.
Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

2. Which of the numbers are real?

Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

3. Which of the numbers are not real?

Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

4. Which of the numbers are rational?

Explain your answer.
Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

5. Which of the numbers are irrational?

Explain your answer.
Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

6. Which of the numbers are perfect

squares?
Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

7. Which of the numbers are not perfect

squares?
Activity: Which are Real? Which are Not?

8. How do you describe numbers that are perfect

squares?
 The value of the expression b2 – 4ac
is called the discriminant of the
quadratic equation ax² + bx + c = 0.
 This value can be used to describe
the nature of the roots of a quadratic
equation.
 It can be zero, positive and perfect
square, positive but not perfect
square or negative.
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 When b2 – 4ac is equal to zero, then the
roots are real numbers and are equal.
Example:
Describe the roots of x2 – 4x + 4 = 0.
The values of a, b, and c in the
equation are the following:
a=1 b = -4 c=4
Substitute these values in the
expression b2 – 4ac.
b2 – 4ac = (-4)2 – 4(1)(4)
= 16 – 16
=0
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 When b2 – 4ac is equal to zero, then the
roots are real numbers and are equal.

Since the value of b2 – 4ac is zero, we

can say that the nature of roots of
the quadratic equation x2 – 4x + 4 = 0
are real numbers and are equal.
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 2. When b2 – 4ac is greater than zero & a
perfect square, then the roots are rational
numbers and are not equal.
Example:
Determine the nature of the roots of
x2 + 7x + 10 = 0.

Given: a = 1 b=7 c = 10
Substitute:
b2 – 4ac = (7)2 – 4(1)(10)
= 49 – 40
=9
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 2. When b2 – 4ac is greater than zero & a
perfect square, then the roots are rational
numbers and are not equal.

Since the value of b2 – 4ac is greater

than zero & a perfect square, we can
say that the nature of roots of the
quadratic equation x2 + 7x + 10 = 0
are rational numbers and are not
equal.
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 3. When b2 – 4ac is greater than zero but
not a perfect square, then the roots are
irrational numbers and are not equal.
Example:
Describe the roots of x2 + 6x + 3 = 0.

Given: a = 1 b=6 c=3

Substitute:
b2 – 4ac = (6)2 – 4(1)(3)
= 36 – 12
= 24
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 3. When b2 – 4ac is greater than zero but
not a perfect square, then the roots are
irrational numbers and are not equal.

Since the value of b2 – 4ac is greater

than zero but not a perfect square,
we can say that the nature of roots of
the quadratic equation x2 + 6x + 3 = 0
are irrational numbers and are not
equal.
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 4. When b2 – 4ac is less than zero, then
the equation has no real roots.

Example:
Describe the roots of x2 + 2x + 5 = 0.

Given: a = 1 b=2 c=5

Substitute:
b2 – 4ac = (2)2 – 4(1)(5)
= 4 – 20
= -16
Nature of Roots of a Quadratic Equation:
 4. When b2 – 4ac is less than zero, then
the equation has no real roots.

Since the value of b2 – 4ac is less than

zero, we can say that the quadratic
equation x2 + 2x + 5 = 0 has no real
roots.
Solve for the discriminant of the following
quadratic equation and determine the
nature of the roots.

1. p2 + 5p - 3 = 0

D = 3 (the roots are irrational

numbers and are not equal 7)

2. r2 + 9r + 14 = 0
D = 25 (then the roots are rational
numbers and are not equal)
Solve for the discriminant of the following
quadratic equation and determine the
nature of the roots.
3. x2 + 5x + 10 = 0
D = -15 (the equation has no real roots)
4. 2x2 – 7x = 30
D = 289 (the roots are rational numbers
and are not equal)
5. x2 + 6x + 9 = 0
D = 0 (the roots are real numbers and
are equal)
Characterize the nature of the roots of the following
quadratic equations using the discriminant. Use the
legend below.
Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)
 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

1. x2 + 9x + 20 = 0
 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

2. x2 + 6x + 13 = 0
 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

3. 3x2 - 5x = -4
 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

4. 3x2 - 2x - 5 = 0
 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

5. x2 + 8x + 16 = 0
 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

1. x2 + 9x + 20 = 0 Ans: Water Camp

 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

2. x2 + 6x + 13 = 0 Ans: Aguinaldo Shrine

 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

3. 3x2 - 5x = -4 Ans: Aguinaldo Shrine

 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

4. 3x2 - 2x - 5 = 0 Ans: Water Camp

 Taal Water Kaybiang Aguinaldo
Volcano Camp Tunnel Shrine

(real, (real, (real, (not real,

rational, rational, irrational, no roots)
equal) unequal) unequal)

5. x2 + 8x + 16 = 0 Ans: Taal Volcano