Four-Stroke Engine

Basics
Instructor: Adam Megel

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Orientation

 Throughout this lesson on four-

stroke engines, learner will self-
navigate through this
PowerPoint presentation
 Be sure to click on every link
 Learner will be quizzed at the
end of the lesson
 Click on Next to move on, or
Back to go back.
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Orientation Continued

 Material that will be covered:

 Four-stroke engine basics
 Other engine types

 Basic components of a four-stroke

engine
 The four-stroke cycle

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Back Next
The Basics

 A four-stroke engine:
 Is an internal combustion engine
 Converts gasoline into motion

 Is the most common car engine

type
 Is relatively efficient

 Is relatively inexpensive

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Other Engine Types

 Two-stroke engines
 Diesel engines
 Rotary engines
 Turbine engines
 Steam engines

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Basic Components of Four-
Stroke Engines
Camshaft

Intake Valve
Exhaust Valve

Valve Cover
Spark Plug
Intake Port
Exhaust Port

Head
Piston

Connecting Rod
Coolant

Rod Bearings

Engine Block
Crankshaft
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Diagram

Oil Pan
Oil Sump
Back
 A. Intake Valve- opens at the
proper time to let in air and fuel.

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 B. Valve Cover- Protects the
valves and the valve springs.
Keeps dirt out and lubricating oil
in.

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 C. Intake Port- the passageway
in a cylinder head for the fuel
and air to pass through.

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 D. Head- a platform containing
most of the parts of the
combustion chamber.

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 E. Coolant- circulating water
and antifreeze to keep the
temperature regulated.

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 F. Engine Block- cast in one
piece. The basis for most of the
parts of the engine.

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 G. Oil Pan- where the oil is
collected and recirculated.

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 H. Oil Sump- the collected oil
primarily for lubricating the
crankshaft and rod bearing

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 I. Camshaft- a round shaft with
lobes, that rotates to open and
close the fuel and exhaust
valves.

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 J. Exhaust Valve- open at the
proper time to release the
exhaust

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 K. Spark Plug- a device,
inserted into the combustion
chamber for firing an electrical
spark to ignite air-fuel mixture

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 L. Exhaust Port- the
passageway in a cylinder head,
for the exhaust to pass through

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 M. Piston- the part of the
engine that moves up and down
in the cylinder converting the
gasoline into motion

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 N. Connecting Rod- links the
piston to the crankshaft.

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 O. Rod Bearing- used to reduce
friction to the rod and crankshaft

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 P. Crankshaft- converts the up
and down motion of the piston
into a turning, or rotating motion

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The 4-Stroke Cycle

 1. Intake
 2. Compression
 3. Combustion
 4. Exhaust

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 Intake- process of
filling the cylinder
with the proper air-
fuel mixture
through the intake
valve.

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 Compression-
the process of
compressing the
air-fuel mixture in
the cylinder to
make it more
combustible

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 Combustion-the
process of igniting
the compressed
air-fuel mixture to
create motion and
the over all power
of the engine.

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 Exhaust- the
process of
releasing the
exhaust out of
the cylinder
through the
exhaust valve.

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Application

 Now that you understand the

basics of four-stroke engines,
how can you use this
information in the real world?

Back Quiz
 Lets take a quiz to see what you
have learned!

Back Quiz
1. The ____ controls the amount
of intake and the release of
exhaust.
a. head
b. valves
c. coolant
d. connecting rod
2. The _____ Cycle is the ignition
of the compressed fuel-air
mixture.
a. Exhaust
b. Combustion
c. Compression
d. Intake
3. The most common type of
engine?
a. diesel engines
b. 2-stroke engines
c. rotary engines
d. 4-stroke engines
4. What part of the engine
converts up and down motion
into a rotation motion?
a. crankshaft
b. piston
c. valve cover
d. camshaft
5. What is the name
of the part listed?
a. intake valve
b. piston
c. oil pan
d. spark plug
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Try again.

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Back
 That is correct! Lets try the next
one.

Next
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one.

Next
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one.

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one.

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one.

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 Congratulations! That is the end
of your quiz, and the end of your
lesson on four-stroke engines.

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References

 www.howstuffworks.com/
 www.mda.org.uk/railway/railobjv
.htm

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