Comparing 5G and Wi-Fi Access

How should Developing Countries prioritize Deployment?

Rai Basgeet – Chief Technical Officer

5th September 2018

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Agenda

5G

Wi-Fi

Comparative Analysis

Deployment Strategies for Developing Countries

Wi-Fi & 5G are Complementary

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 5G
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Evolution to 5G
1980s 1991 1998 2008 2020

1G 2G 3G 4G 5G

Speed: Speed: 10 Gbps

Speed: 2.4 kbps
Range: 824-894 MHz
Standard: AMPS, TACS
(Advanced Mobile Phone System,
Total Access Communication
System)
Speed: 64 kbps Speed: 2 Mbps
• 1 Gbps when stationary C-Band: 3 GHz - 5 GHz
Range: GSM (900 MHz, 1800 Range: 2100 MHz
• 100 Mbps when travelling mmWaves: 30 GHz to 300 GHz
MHz) & CDMA (800 MHz) Standard: UMTS/ HSPA
Range: 850 MHz, 1800 MHz Standard: Under research
Standard: GSM, GPRS, EDGE
Standard: LTE

Latency: 300– Latency: 100 – Latency: 50 Latency: 1 ms

Latency: 1s 1000 ms 500 ms ms

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Speed v/s Latency

Speed Latency

10 Gbps 1s

Latency

Speed

2.4 kbps 1 ms

1G 2G 3G 4G 5G

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Key Components for 5G

Spectrum
• <800 MHz band for IoT
Transmission
• >3 GHz band for small cell • Backhaul fiberization
• Unlicensed (2.4 GHz / 5-7 GHz / 57-71 • Cloud-RAN - gNodeB
GHz global)

RAN
infrastructure Core & Features
(a) Macro-network densification using Multiple • Separation of Control (C) and User
Input Multiple Output (MIMO) and Self- (U) planes
Organising Network (SON) features • Network Slicing
(b) Small cell and indoor densification (mmWave • Virtualization with ultra SON analytics
backhaul, advanced Distributed Antenna System)

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Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)

Now Future

Benefits:
1. Capacity gains
2. Spectral efficiency
3. Spatial efficiency
4. Combat noise and
fading
5. Mitigate intra-cell
interference

Existing system:
• Limited number of users per
cell
• Intra-cell interference
Massive MIMO: Antennae can
transmit and receive data
simultaneously

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Self-Organising Network (SON)
Plug and play
• Cell coverage estimation
• Cell deployment
• Parameter adjustment
• System updates
Self-
configuration

Fast, autonomous
failure mitigation Network

Self-
Self- Self-
healing Organising Learning Subscriber
Network

Location

Performance Optimization &

Monitoring:
• Quality, coverage, Self-
bandwidth, interference, optimizing

handoff
• Mobility, signal quality, traffic

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Network Slicing
Allows slicing of one physical
network into multiple, virtual,
end-to-end (E2E) networks,
each logically isolated.
Before Slicing After slicing

Install network function

Network software onto VMs
Function deployed on virtual
Virtualization commercial servers
(NFV)

Software-
defined
networking
(SDN)

Pre-requisite for
implementation E2E network separate the control and data planes

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5G Services – Everything Smart, Everything Connected

Human to Human Human to Machine Machine to Machine

Virtual/Augmented Reality
Extreme Video Mobile cloud
mobile Monitoring computing
broadband Video calling Fixed
UHD video
Virtual meetings Wireless

Smart homes/Smart cities

Massive Scale
Social
Communication Wearables
Networking
Vehicle to
Health care monitoring Infrastructure

Industrial
Automation
Ultra-Reliable Vehicle to
Remote Vehicle to
Low Latency Public Safety pedestrian vehicle
surgery
service

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 Wi-Fi
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Wi-Fi Evolution

MU-MIMO
802.11ax under
research

Next gen AC
AC
N
802.11ac,breaks gigabit
per sec barrier.

B G 802.11n,boosts range
and throughput for
video.

802.11g released.
Speed: 54 Mbps
802.11b released.
Speed: 11 Mbps

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Forecast for Public Hotspots

Number of public Wi-Fi hotspots worldwide from 2016 to 2021 (in millions)
*Source: Maravedis, Cisco VNI Mobile, 2017

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Wi-Fi Attributes and Applications

Mobile and Ubiquitous

Applications
• Internet Access
05 01 • Convenient for end-
users

• Interconnectivity of
devices
• IoT devices
• VoIP, multimedia IEEE 802.11 Standards
04 02 • 802.11a/b/g/n/ac

WLAN Networks
• Infrastructure Network
• Ad-Hoc Network 03
RF Bands used
• 2.4 GHz
• 5 GHz
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Comparative Analysis

5G Wi-Fi
High CAPEX Low

Ubiquitous CONTINUITY Limited

Low LATENCY Medium

Massive number Limited no.

IOT
of devices of devices

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Deployment Strategies for Developing
Countries

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Global Internet

Total no. of Active

Northern Internet Users =
Europe (94%)
North
Central Asia
4 Billion
America
Western (50%)
(88%) Europe
(90%) Internet users as a
percentage of the
total population =
53%
South
America Southern 25 billion devices
(68%) Africa Oceania
(51%) (69%) will be connected to
5G by 2025.

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Wi-Fi deployment strategies in developing countries
“Wireless technologies have a key role to play everywhere, but especially in developing countries and countries with economies in transition.” – Late Kofi
Anan

2016 20M high tower that provides Internet With a

compass of up to 1KM
The app partners with local
businesses, who operate WiFi Currently available in India, Ghana
hotspots. People can then
purchase WiFi from these Facebook BLUETOWN Mojo Networks
hotspots. Express SOLAR venture with Jio
POWERED for supplying Wi-
WiFi app WI-FI TOWER Fi hotspots

Currently available in India, 2018 2017

Kenya, Tanzania, Nigeria, and
Indonesia.

Green Wi-Fi, a non profit

Microsoft & D- organization in California, has
link ‘Super Wi- created a Wi-Fi grid network that is
Fi’ self-sustaining and easy to set up
Trials completed in Kenya,
Brazil, Uruguay…
2010
Project completed in Haiti
• Standard: 802.11af
2016
• Low frequency
ranges for Tx&Rx
• Wider Coverage

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Internet in Mauritius
Total no. of Internet
subscriptions on
Fixed Network
(SME/SOHO/Residential) =
248,400
Fixed Internet Population
penetration = 68 %

Total no. of Internet

subscriptions on
Mobile Network

> 1 million

Source: Statistics Mauritius

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Mauritius ranks 8th in the WORLD for FTTH

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Wi-Fi Mauritius

10,000 Daily
Connections

On any Wi-Fi
enabled device

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5G & Wi-Fi are Complementary

WiFi over a mobile 5G

Seamless real-time
network
communication

…through a Fixed
Highest potential data Wireless Terminal
rates with shortest
range

Hybrid networks 5G & WiFi use IEEE

802.11 ac/ax

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thank you
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IoT devices Speed

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 Statistics Mauritius
MARKET FOR INTERNET ACCESS SERVICES
INDICATORS FOR YEAR ENDED: 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
DATA ON OPERATORS
Number of Internet Service Providers in operation 10 10 10 10 10 10
DATA ON SUBSCRIPTION
Total Internet Subscriptions based on Fixed Access Network 149,200 166,800 186,000 200,500 215,100 248,400
Total Internet Subscriptions based on Mobile Access Network 419,500 513,900 549,000 640,400 875,200 999,600
Total Internet Subscriptions 568,700 680,700 735,000 840,900 1,090,300 1,248,000
Internet Population Penetration Rate (%) 45.23 54.03 58.25 66.59 86.27 98.63

Broadband Internet Subscriptions based on Fixed Access Network: 140,800 162,400 182,000 197,400 212,600 246,000
Broadband Internet Subscriptions based on Mobile Access Network: 282,400 357,700 397,000 464,200 650,800 745,900
Total Broadband Internet Subscriptions 423,200 520,100 579,000 661,600 863,400 991,900
Broadband Internet Population Penetration Rate (%) 33.65 41.29 45.89 52.39 68.32 78.39
Total Wireless Broadband Internet Subscriptions 284,500 364,134 404,000 475,300 663,100 779,600

Total Narrowband Internet Subscriptions 145,500 160,600 156,000 179,300 226,900 256,100
Narrowband Internet Population Penetration Rate (%) 11.57 12.75 12.36 14.20 17.95 20.24
DATA ON INTERNET TRAFFIC USAGE
Total Dial-up Internet Traffic (million mins) 25 11 5 1.18 1.12 0.01

International INCOMING Internet Bandwidth Capacity (Mbps) 8,274 11,921 17,077 21,305 42,500 n.a
International OUTGOING Internet Bandwidth Capacity (Mbps) 8,274 11,921 17,077 21,305 42,500 n.a
International Bandwidth Usage Gbit/s 96.3

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Wi-Fi vs 5G
IEEE 802.11 Standards
802.11a 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n 802.11ac
Max. data • 346/3466
• 54 Mbps • 11 Mbps • 54 Mbps • 600 Mbps
rate Mbps

• MIMO- • MIMO-
Modulation • OFDM • DSSS • OFDM
OFDM OFDM

RF Band • 5 GHz • 2.4 GHz • 5 GHz • 2.4/5 GHz • 5 GHz

• 20/160
Bandwidth • 20 MHz • 22 MHz • 20 MHz • 40 MHz
MHz

Indoor/
• 20 m/100 m • 35 m/120 m • 38 m/140 m • 70 m/250 m • 35 m
Outdoor

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PEST Analysis

P- POLITICAL E- ECONOMIC
• Local regulations 01 02 • Globalization
• Financial support for • Labour
research and testing

T - TECHNOLOGY S - SOCIAL
• Fiber availability • Service as the key driver
• Spectrum availability
•
•
Network Performance
Convergence of core 04 03
networks

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Network Slicing

1. Shared physical network

infrastructure

Before Slicing Application 2. Build secure end-to-end

virtual networks tailored to
applications requirements

On-demand slicing in 5G

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