Non-Governmental

Organizations
What is NGO?
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is a citizen-based
association that operates independently of government,
usually to deliver resources or serve some social or political
purpose.
• 1945 - "non-governmental organization" or NGO, came into
use
• Movements origin are much older
• 1839 – the first international NGO, Anti-Slavery society
• Other early NGOs grew out of wars, including the Red Cross in
the 1850s after the Franco-Italian war; Save the Children (1919)
after World War I; and Oxfam (1942), and CARE (1946) after
World War II

• The World Bank classifies NGOs as either operational NGOs,

which are primarily concerned with development projects, or
advocacy NGOs, which are primarily concerned with promoting a
cause.
Variations of NGOs:

BINGO – Business-friendly international NGO (example: Red Cross)

ENGO- Environmental NGO (Greenpeace and World Wildlife Fund)
GONGO- Government-organized and Non-governmental organization
(International Union for Conservation of Nature)
INGO- International NGO (Oxfam)
QUANGO- Quasi-autonomous NGO (International Organization for
Standardization [ISO]
Examples of NGOs in the Philippines:

ANIMALS/ENVIRONMENT
Greenpeace Philippines – active volunteer organizations that campaigns for
their mission to save the environment.
Haribon Foundation – commits to helping through nature conservation. The
organization is known to their services such as conserving site and habitats,
saving species and etc.
Philippine Animal Welfare Society (PAWS) – dedicated to protect and
promote humane treatment of all animals. It also actively campaigns against
animal fights and using animals for entertainment
World Wildlife Fund Philippines – focused on addressing the issues of the
Philippine environment, addressing the problems on the climate, the ocean,
species, food and water
HEALTH

Philippine Red Cross – aims to help people through its different

services. Some of these include national blood, disaster management,
safety, health, social and youth services.
Volunteer Youth Leaders for Health-Philippines – a service-oriented
organization that aims to empower the Filipino Youth for health.
Promotes awareness on the prevention of birth defects, awareness
on newborn screening and others.
HUMAN RIGHTS

Love Yourself – for the youth and the LGBT-MSM that aims to
promote loving oneself. Also aims to prevent the spread of HIV/AIDS
among the youth through counseling, awareness and education
Gawad Kalinga – movement whose mission is to eradicate poverty
for 5 million families and restoring human dignity of the poor
ChildHope Philippines – advocates for the cause of the street
children in the country.
• Operational NGOs often move into advocacy when projects
regularly face similar problems and the impact of the
projects seems to be insufficient.

• Similarly, advocacy NGOs often feel they cannot ignore the

immediate practical problems of people in their policy
domain.
How NGOs are Funded:
• Membership dues
• Private donations
• The sale of goods and services
• Grants
The Creation of NGOs
• People of all ages and backgrounds in every country in the world
create charitable organizations. They are determined to solve
problems and tend to be determined and enthusiastic characters.
• The steps to actually establish NGO vary from country to country
 Research

- It is crucial that you first evaluate the environment you plan

on operating in
- There is a genuine, unfulfilled need for support in the
community
- Refine your vision
Philosophical Backbone
What is your mission?
- it serves to guide you as well as informing others, whether they be
potential beneficiaries, donors or partners, exactly what it is your
organization was established to do.

What services you are going to deliver and to who

- don’t start off with more than a few programs and try to concentrate
your efforts into as few services as possible at this stage
- One of the most common reasons NGOs fail is because they stitch
themselves to thinly and never become great at any one thing
How you plan to fund your NGO and related services
-an ongoing concern for almost all charitable organizations even
massive international organizations need to continue fund raising to
deliver their services

Who will be responsible for the many critical tasks within your
organization
- The key to this structure are the people themselves as they will need
to be dedicated and reliable as well as having the time and skills
needed to complete the tasks assigned to them
• Set about creating a clear organizational structure that incorporates
all of the different elements of your NGO.

Identify and work towards the facilities you need in place for your
NGO to operate and deliver services.
-it depends on the type of NGO you are working to establish
Developing a Mission Statement
Concept:
• Understand why a Mission Statement is needed
• Link the statement to why the NGO was created in the first
place, and to a pressing current problem.
• Ensure it represents the collective thinking of the NGO
• Use:
• Inspires creativity , commitment and innovation in delivering
the NGO's programs
• Motivates people to work within and in collaboration with
the NGO
• Develops the policies, programs and projects of the NGO
• Provides the NGO with direction and purpose in everything it
does.
Challenges, Issues
• NGOs have received fierce criticism in some quarters.
• Many government leaders express quite hostile attitudes to
NGOs, even in some democratic societies. In as much as this
is a general sentiment, it is irrational. There are particular
factors that explain the irrationality.
Firstly, the increased impact of NGOs has caused resentment
among those whom they criticize.
Secondly, the claim by some NGOs that they are the "voice
of the people" and hence have greater legitimacy than
governments is deeply offensive to government officials. As
they are quick to point out, it is also a ludicrous claim.

 There is often confusion about the role of NGOs in

democratic political processes. Denial of their democratic
legitimacy arises when democracy is simply reduced to the
right to take part in governmental decision-making.
• The flood of NGOs has also been accused of damaging the public
sector in multiple developing countries. Instead of promoting
equity and alleviating poverty, NGOs have been under scrutiny
for contributing to socioeconomic inequality and disempowering
services in the public sector of third world countries
Sustainability
• Operational NGOs
• Advocacy NGOs
Operational NGOs
• Operational NGOs have to mobilize resources

• Finance obtained from grants or contracts, from

governments, foundations or companies, require time and
expertise spent on planning, preparing applications,
budgeting, accounting and reporting. Major fund-raising
events require skills in advertising, media relations and
motivating supporters.
Advocacy NGOs
• Fund-raising is still necessary, but on a smaller scale and it can serve
the symbolic function of strengthening the donors' identification with
the cause.
• Persuading people to donate their time is necessary, but, in addition
to a small number of people giving a great deal of time, it is also
necessary to be able to mobilize large numbers for brief periods.
External donors may not impose onerous administrative burdens, but
supporters still have to be supplied with information on an efficient
regular basis. Major events will aim to attract favorable publicity
rather than raise funds.