ORIENTATION TO BLOOD BANK

There are 5 sections in a blood bank:

1) Counter
2) Donor’s room
3) Serology room
4) Component separation room
5) Storage room
 COUNTER
• Place to receive new demands of blood
• Screen the donor and fill the donor form
• Maintain donor register
• Receive patient’s sample
Donor Selection Criteria

1) Donor should be in good health

2) Age between 18 – 60 years
3) Body weight > 45 Kgs
4) Both sexes can donate blood
5) Hemoglobin > 12.5 gm %
6) PCV > 38 %
7) B.P. Systolic 100 – 160, Diastolic 60 – 100 mm
8) Pulse 60 – 90/min, regular and in good volume
9) Body temperature < 37.5 C
10)No lymphadenopathy
11)No cardiovascular abnormalities
12)No chest signs
13)No signs of other systemic disease
14)Should take light meal before donation
Criteria for Temporary donor deferral
1) Abortion 6 months
2) Minor accident 1 month
3) Major accident 6 months
4) Alcohol intake 24 hours
5) Allergic states Till symptomatic
6) Anemia After correction
7) Asthma Till symptomatic
8) Blood donation 3 months
9) Common cold Till symptomatic
10) Dental surgery 3 months
11) Antibiotics therapy 7 days
12) Ear piercing 6 months
13) Tattooing 6 months
14) Fractures 6 months
15) Live vaccinations 2 weeks
16) Killed vaccinations 48 hours
17) Infective hepatitis 1 year
18) Malaria 3 months
19) Tuberculosis treated 2 years
20) Pregnancy 1 year of delivery
 Criteria for Permanent donor deferral
1) Malignancy 21) Cerebral stroke
2) Heart disease 22) Anemia
3) Bleeding disorders 23) Hyper/Hypotension
4) Weight loss 24) Age > 60 years
5) Diabetic on insulin 25) Age < 18 years
6) Hepatitis B infection 26) Weight < 45 Kgs
7) Nephritis 27) Hb < 14.5 Gms %
8) AIDS
9) Liver disease
10) Tuberculosis
11) Polycythemia vera
12) Bronchial Asthms
13) Epilepsy
14) Schizophrenia
15) Endocrine disease
16) IV drug abuser
17) Sexual promiscuity
18) Allergic disorders
19) Autoimmune diseases
20) Alcoholics
Donor Form
 Procedure in bleeding room
1) Receive the donor with pleasant gesture
2) Ask the donor to rest on a couch
3) Apply torniquet on upper arm
4) Clean the phlebotomy site with antiseptics
5) Bleed the donor and collect 350 ml of blood
6) Rotate the blood bag during collection
7) After collection remove the torniquet
8) Collect 5 ml of blood in a pilot tube
9) Labet the pilot tube correctly with same donor number
10)Perform blood group and label it on the blood bag
11)Ask the donor to rest for next 15 min on the couch
12)When donor fills comfortable shift to chair
13)Offer a cup of coffee to the donor
14)Express your gratitude for donation
15)Ask the donor to donate blood again after every 3 months
16)Allow the donor to leave the blood bank
Pilot tubes
Emergency Drugs :
 Serology Room
It is the place where blood is tested such as for
1) Major and Minor histocompatibility
2) Blood grouping (Slide + Tube method)
3) Rapid card test and ELISA
4) Coombe’s test

Component Room
It is the place where whole blood is separated into
components such as red cell concentrate, platelet concentrate,
fresh frozen plasma, etc.
Centrifuge machine to
separate the blood bags
Plasma expressor to
separate the plasma
into another bag
 Component Storage Room
It is the place to store the component at appropriate temperature
and freezer.
Platelet Aggitator
Red cell concentrate storage
Fresh Frozen Plasma Storage
 Transfusion reaction
• Whenever a transfusion reaction comes in a blood bank ask the respective
PG to fill the transfusion reaction form indicating every detail like when was
the bag issued, when was it tansfused and when did the reaction started etc.

• Following samples should be collected from the staff:

1) Blood transfusion bag
2) One blood sample in EDTA vial post transfusion
3) One blood sample in citrate vial post transfusion
4) One urine sample post transfusion
5) One blood sample in plain tube post transfusion

• Perform the compatibility testing on the pre trasfused sample and on the
post transfused sample and generate the compatibility report.

• Perform following tests on the samples received:

1) Complete blood count – on EDTA
2) PT/INR/APTT – on citrate vial sample
3) Urine examination – on urine sample
4) Indirect coomb's test – on plain tube sample
Adverse effects of
Blood transfusion
Thank You