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CTC 440
Objectives
Know how to determine superelevation transitions on simple
circular curves and spirals
Know how to use maximum relative gradients to determine
superelevation length transitions
Superelevation
Used to partially overcome the centrifugal force on a
vehicle as it goes around a curve (friction between
tires/road also contributes)
Transition lengths are needed to change the cross slope
from normal crown to full bank and then back down to
normal crown
In New York State the allowed maximum superelevation
rates are:
Rural and interstates/freeways 8%
Suburban 6%
Urban 4%
Methods
There are various methods for transitioning pavement from
normal crown to a superelevated section
The most common method is to rotate the pavement around the
centerline (which is also the HCL and TGL)
Runout
Runout is the distance used to change the section from normal
crown to where the adverse crown is removed (to level)
Runoff
Runoff is the distance used to change the section from where
the adverse crown is removed (to level) to the point where full
superelevation is achieve