Tekanan Kapiler

TEKANAN KAPILER

1 2 3 4

AIR

WATER
 APLIKASI DATA TEKANAN KAPILER
• Menentukan distribusi fluida reservoir (initial conditions)
• Akumulasi HC mengikuti proses drainage untuk water wet reservoirs
(max possible HC saturation)
• Sw merupkan fungsi dari height above OWC (oil water contact)
• Menentukan recoverable oil pada aplikasi water flooding
• Mengikuti proses Imbibition untuk water wet reservoirs
• Pore Size Distribution Index, 
• Absolute permeability (flow capacity seluruh pore size distribution)
• Relative permeability (distribution fasa fluida didalam pore size
distribution)
• Reservoir Flow - Capillary Pressure termasuk flow potential untuk multiphase
flow
• Input data untuk reservoir simulation model
 DRAINAGE AND IMBIBITION CAPILLARY PRESSURE CURVES

DRAINAGE

• Fluid flow process in which the saturation of the

nonwetting phase increases

• Mobility of nonwetting fluid phase increases as

nonwetting phase saturation increases

IMBIBITION
Drainage
• Fluid flow process in which the saturation of the
wetting phase increases
Pc • Mobility of wetting phase increases as wetting
phase saturation increases

Pd
Four Primary Parameters
Si = irreducible wetting phase saturation
Imbibition Sm = 1 - residual non-wetting phase saturation
Si Sm Pd = displacement pressure, the pressure required
to force non-wetting fluid into largest pores
0 0.5 1.0  = pore size distribution index; determines shape
Swt
Modified from NExT, 1999, after …
 DRAINAGE PROCESS
• Fluid flow process in which the saturation of the nonwetting phase increases
• Examples:
• Hydrocarbon (oil or gas) filling the pore space and displacing the original water of
deposition in water-wet rock
• Waterflooding an oil reservoir in which the reservoir is oil wet
• Gas injection in an oil or water wet oil reservoir
• Pressure maintenance or gas cycling by gas injection in a retrograde condensate
reservoir
• Evolution of a secondary gas cap as reservoir pressure decreases
 IMBIBITION PROCESS
IMBIBITION
•Fluid flow process in which the saturation of the wetting phase
increases

•Mobility of wetting phase increases as wetting phase saturation

increases

Examples:
Accumulation of oil in an oil wet reservoir
Waterflooding an oil reservoir in which the reservoir is water wet
Accumulation of condensate as pressure decreases in a dew point
reservoir
 Pc vs. Sw Function
Reflects Reservoir Quality
Core Pore Petrophysical Gamma Ray Flow
Core Lithofacies
Plugs Types Data Log Units
Capillary
Por vs k
Pressure
High Quality 5

1
Low Quality
Function moves up and right, and
becomes less “L” shaped as reservoir
quality decreases
Effect of Permeability on Shape

20

16
Decreasing
Permeability,
Capillary Pressure

Decreasing 
12

A B
8

0
0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Water Saturation
Modified from NExT 1999, after xx)
 Effect of Grain Size Distribution on Shape

Poorly sorted
Well-sorted
Capillary pressure, psia

Decreasing 

Water saturation, %
Modfied from NExT, 1999; after …)