PKBK3073

ENGLISH TEACHING
METHODOLOGY FOR PUPILS WITH
LEARNING DIFICULTTIES
Auditory Expressive Language Problems and strategies to teach pupils
with these problems:
i)Aphasia
ii)Dysphraxia

Prepared by :

1)NIK NUR HANIS BINTI NIK MOHD FAUZI

2) NUR HANI BINTI MOHD IDRIS
3)NURFADHILA NADIA AIN BT AZMAN
APHASIA
• Aphasia is a communication disorder that results from damage or
injury to language parts of the brain.

• Aphasia gets in the way of a person's ability to use or understand

words.

• Aphasia does not impair the person's intelligence.

• People who have aphasia may have difficulty speaking and finding
the "right" words to complete their thoughts.

• They may also have problems understanding conversation, reading

and comprehending written words, writing words, and using
numbers.
STRATEGIES
• Use simple language and uncomplicated sentences when
communicating with students with aphasia.

• When teaching vocabulary, provide written words, definitions,

synonyms, antonyms, examples of usage and pictorial
representations.

• Repeat words as necessary when speaking with students with

aphasia.

• Allow students with aphasia as much time as necessary, without

interruption, to express themselves verbally.
Dysphasia
• Dysphasia is a type of disorder where a person has difficulties
comprehending language or speaking due to some type of
damage in the parts of the brain responsible for
communication.

• The symptoms of dysphasia vary based on the region of the

brain that was damaged.

• There are different regions responsible for understanding

language, speaking, reading, and writing, though typically they
are found in the left side of the brain.

• Sometimes dysphasia is also referred to as aphasia, though

generally it's considered a less severe version of aphasia.
STRATEGIES
• Getting the child’s attention by calling his or her name or touching him or her gently.

• Choosing a topic that arouses the child’s interest.

• Adapting the way of speaking to the child’s level of language.

• Speaking slowly, using only a few words at a time, and articulating clearly.

• Not hesitating to repeat yourself several times.

• Using intonation, gestures and context.

• Encouraging the child to use only one language.

• Establishing a good relationship and having fun with the child, using all forms of communication (gestures, looks,
etc.). Without communication, the child cannot learn.

• Encouraging the child to develop compensation strategies, by building on the child’s strengths.

• Using visual media to promote communication.

• Putting the child in daycare at an early age to encourage him or her to develop compensatory strategies.
What’s the difference between
dysphasia and aphasia?
• Dysphasia and aphasia have the same causes and symptoms.

• Some sources suggest aphasia is more severe, and involves a complete loss of
speech and comprehension abilities.

• Dysphasia, on the other hand, only involves moderate language impairments.