The Digestive Enzyme

of the Body
Caladio, Pielago, Wu
 What are digestive
enzymes?
These are substances that
our body produced to help
digest the food that we ingest
What are digestive enzymes?
❏ They are secreted from various locations in our Digestive system
(pancreas, stomach, salivary glands, small intestines, and liver)
and come from hydrolase class of enzymes.
❏ The chemical digestion of food is dependent on a whole range of
hydrolase enzymes produced by the cells lining the gut as well as
associated organs to help break large food molecules into very
much smaller ‘building block’ units. These can then be readily
and rapidly absorbed through the gut wall and into the
bloodstream for transport to the liver and from there to other
parts of the body.
How do these digestive enzymes activate?

Our Digestive Enzymes are released in

both anticipations of food and in
response to food. Even with just
thinking/looking at food would get these
enzymes running.
Types of digestive enzymes
Amylase
A digestive enzyme essential
for the digestion of
carbohydrates, it breaks down
starches into sugars. It is
secreted by both our salivary
glands and from our pancreas.
Maltase
Is responsible for breaking
down maltose and is secreted
by the small intestine.
Lactase
A type of enzyme that breaks
down the sugar,
lactose,usually found in dairy
products.
Lipase
Is the enzyme responsible for
the breakdown of fats that we
consume. Specifically, lipase
breaks fats into fatty acids and
glycerol. Lipase is produced in
small amounts in our mouth
and stomach, and in larger
amounts by your pancreas.
Protease
A digestive enzymes that break
down proteins into amino
acids.
(Carboxypeptidase A,
Carboxypeptidase B,
Chymotrypsin, Pepsin, Trypsin)
Sucrase
Is secreted by the small
intestine where it breaks down
sucrose into the simpler
sugars of fructose and glucose.
 Digestive enzymes
produced by our body
These are substances that
our body produced to help
digest the food that we ingest
 MOUTH
The oral cavity or the mouth contains salivary glands. The salivary
gland secretes the enzyme lysozyme which has an antibacterial
action. The enzymes secreted by the mouth mainly provide protection
against bacteria.

Enzymes produced by the salivary glands:

a. Ptyalin - Converts starch to simple soluble sugars

b. Amylase- Converts starch to soluble sugars
c. Betaine- Maintains cell fluid balance as osmolytes
d. Bromelain- Anti-inflammatory agent, tenderizes meat
 STOMACH
The enzymes released by the stomach are known as gastric enzymes.
Stomach secretes hydrochloric acid which kills bacteria and germs
and provides an acid environment for proper enzymatic activity of
protease enzymes.

Enzymes produced by the stomach:

a. Pepsin- Breaks protein into small peptides

b. Gastric amylase- Degradation of starch
c. Gelatinase- Degradation of gelatin and collagen
d. Rennin- Conversion of liquid milk to solid particles
e. Gastric lipase- Degradation of butter fat
 PANCREAS
The Pancreas is the main digestive gland of our body. The digestive
enzymes of the pancreas break down carbohydrates and starch
molecules to simple sugars. They also secrete a group of enzymes
which help in degradation of nucleic acids. It functions both as an
endocrine and exocrine gland.

Enzymes produced by the pancreas:

a. Pancreatic lipase- Degrades triglycerides into fatty acids and

glycerol
b. Phospholipase- Hydrolyses phospholipids into fatty acids
c. Trypsin- Converts proteins to basic amino acids
 PANCREAS
Enzymes produced by the pancreas: (continuation)

a. Steapsin- Breakdown of triglycerides to glycerol and fatty

acids
b. Chymotrypsin- Converts proteins to aromatic amino acids
c. Carboxypeptidase- Degradation of proteins to amino acids
d. Pancreatic amylase- Degradation of carbohydrates to simple
sugars
e. Elastases- Degrade the protein elastin
f. Nucleases- Conversion of nucleic acids to nucleotides and
nucleosides
 SMALL INTESTINE
The final step of digestion is carried out by the small intestine. It contains
a group of enzymes that breakdown the products undigested by the
pancreas.The food gets converted to semi-solid form by the activity of the
enzymes present in the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum.

Enzymes produced by the stomach:

a. Sucrase- Converts sucrose to disaccharides and monosaccharides

b. Maltase- Converts maltose to glucose
c. Lactase- Converts lactose to glucose and galactose
d. Isomaltase- Converts maltose to isomaltose
Thanks for listening! :)