HAZARDOUS WASTE

Characterisation and Classification

 HW Definition
 HW Definition based on EPA (US)

A solid waste is a hazardous waste if it

is specifically listed as a known
hazardous waste or meets the
characteristics of a hazardous waste.
Characteristic wastes are wastes that
exhibit any one or more of the following
characteristic properties: ignitability,
corrosivity, reactivity or toxicity.
HW Definition
 HW Defintion based on HSE (UK)
 Waste is considered 'hazardous' under environmental
legislation when it contains substances or has properties that
might make it harmful to human health or the environment.
This does not necessarily mean it is an immediate risk to human
health, although some waste can be.

 Many wastes are newly classified as 'hazardous' and some

companies will now find themselves dealing with hazardous
consignments for the first time. Hazardous waste is defined in
the Hazardous Waste List incorporated in the European Waste
Catalogue.
HW Definition
 HW definition based on PP 101 Th. 2014 (INA)
 Residue of an activity or workforce that contains Hazardous
Materials

 Furthermore, Hazardous materials definition based on PP 101

Th. 2014:
Substance , energy, and/or other component which due to the
characteristics, concentration, and/or amount which directly or
indirectly, can pollute and/or damage the environment, and/or
endanger environment, health, also human and other beings
life sustainibility
 HW Characterisation and Classification
in US
 In US, HW is determined if the waste listed on F, K, P, and U lists. Found in
title 40 of the Code of Federal Regulations section 261

 The F-list, identifies wastes from .

F list wastes are known as wastes from . They can be
divided into seven groups depending on the type of manufacturing or
industrial operation that creates them:

1. Spent solvent wastes,

2. Electroplating and other metal finishing wastes,
3. Dioxin-bearing wastes,
4. Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons production,
5. Wood preserving wastes,
6. Petroleum refinery wastewater treatment sludges, and
7. Multisource leachate
 HW Characterisation and Classification
in US
 The K-list identifies hazardous wastes from
and manufacturing and are considered
. To qualify as a K-listed hazardous
waste, a waste must fit into one of the 13 categories on
the list. The 13 industries that generate K list wastes are:
1. Wood preservation,
2. Organic chemicals manufacturing, 7. Inorganic chemicals
3. Pesticides manufacturing, manufacturing
8. Explosives manufacturing
4. Petroleum refining,
9. Iron and steel production,
5. Veterinary pharmaceuticals manufacturing,
10. Primary aluminum production
6. Inorganic pigment manufacturing, 11. Secondary lead processing
12. Ink formulation, and
13. Coking (processing of coal to
produce coke)
 HW Characterisation and Classification
in US
 The P and U lists designate as hazardous waste

. For a waste to be considered a P- or U-

listed waste it must meeting the following three criteria:

 The waste must contain one of the chemicals listed on the P or U list;
 The chemical in the waste must be unused; and
 The chemical in the waste must be in the form of a commercial chemical
product.

 There are 724 hazardous wastes listed in P and U list

HW Characterisation and Classification
in US
 EPA-US established four hazardous waste
characteristics:
1. Ignitability
2. Corrosivity
3. Reactivity
4. Toxicity.
HW Characterisation and Classification
in UK
 In UK, There are 4
classification of
hazardous waste in
which how to
determine such waste
hazardous or not:
 1. Mirror hazardous
 2. Mirror non-
hazardous
 3. Absolute
hazardous
 4. Absolute non-
hazardous
HW Characterisation and Classification
in UK
 Furthermore, a waste is determined to be absolute
hazardous if it contains one of listed hazardous
properties (HP1-HP16):
1. Explosive 9. Infectious
2. Oxidising 10. Toxic for reproduction
3. Flammable 11. Mutagenic
4. Irritant 12. Release of acute toxic gas
5. STOT/Aspiration 13. Sensitising
Toxicity 14. Ecotoxic
6. Acute Toxicity 15. Waste capable of exhibiting a hazardous
7. Carcinogenic property listed above not directly displayed by
8. Corrosive the original waste
16. Persistent Organic Pollutant
 HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 In Indonesia, HW is
classified into 2
categories based on its
hazard:
 1. Category 1
 2. Category 2

 And 3 categories based on

its sources:
 1. Non-specific source
 2. HW from expired
Hazmat, spilled Hazmat,
Hazmat which does not
comply disposable product
specification, and Hazmat
packaging residue.
 3. Specific source
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Category 1 HW is HW which
affects acutely and directly
towards human and absolutely
affects negatively towards
environment
 Category 2 HW is waste that
contains hazardous materials,
has delayed effect, and affects
indirectly towards human and
environment and also has sub-
chronic and chronic toxicity
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Specific source HW is further defined into more
categories such as:
a. General specific source HW; and
b. Special specific source HW

 “Special specific source HW” is HW which has

delayed effect, affects indirectly towards humans
and environment, has acute toxic characteristics, and
produced in large number per time unit.
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 HW is also defined based on its characteristics:
a.Explosive;
b. Flammable;
c. Reactive;
d. Infectious;
e. Corrosive; and/or
f. Toxic
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Explosive waste is a material that at standard
temperature and pressure (25oC, 760 mmHg) which
can explode or through chemical and or chemical
reactions can produce gas with high temperature
and pressure that can quickly damage the
surrounding environment.
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Flammable:
 If liquids: ingredients contain alcohol < 24% volume,
and/or have flash points ≤60oC, will ignite in case of
contact with fire, spark, or other ignition sources, at a
pressure of 760 mmHg.
 When solids: at standard temperature and pressure
easily leads to fire through friction, moisture absorption
or spontaneous chemical changes, and if burns can cause
a continuous fire within 10 seconds.
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Reactive wastes in water are waste with one of the
properties:
1. Wastes are normally unstable and may cause
changes without blasting
2. Wastes can react violently with water
 Infectious:
1. Part of human body which are amputated and fluid
from the infected human body
2. Waste from the laboratory
3. Other infected wastes of infectious diseases
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Corrosive waste:
1. Causes irritation of the skin
2. Causes a rusting process on a
standard SAE-1020 steel plate
with a corrosion rate greater
than 6.35 mm / yr with a
temperature of 55oC testing
3. Having a pH ≤ 2 for acidic
waste, and or pH ≥ 12.5 for
alkaline waste.
HW Characterisation and Classification
in Indonesia
 Toxic.
Toxic waste is a pollutant containing wastes that are
toxic to humans and that can cause serious death or
illness when entering the body through respiration,
skin and mouth
Q&A