EFEK FISIOLOGI HIPOKSIA PADA

KETINGGIAN DALAM OPERASI

MILITER

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INTRODUCTION…
Machine Media
(Air Craft Performance/ (Flight Environment )
Aerodynamic, Cabin Pressure,
Automation, etc) Atmosphere
Man P Bar <<
PO2 Partial <<
G-Force
SDO
Evolved gas (Land Creature, physiologically relative constant) Hypoxia
Emerg Esc
Fatigue
Trapped gas
Evolved gas
Human Performance <<<

Unsafe action
Defense Defense

Success
Fail
Incident
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The Composition of Atmosphere
Other Oxygen
1% 21%

Nitrogen
78%
Although pressure changes with
altitude, this percentage relationship
remains constant 3
 Physiological Zones of the
Atmosphere
 0 - 10,000ft:
The Physiological
Zone

The Physiologically
 10 000 - 50,000ft:
Deficient Zone

 50,000 ft +: The Space

Equivalent Zone
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Hypoxia: Kondisi sindrom kekurangan
oksigen pada jaringan tubuh

SIFAT HYPOXIA :
TIDAK TERASA DATANGNYA
TIDAK MEMBERIKAN RASA SAKIT
EUPHORIA

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 MACAM-MACAM HYPOXIA

1. HYPOXIC HYPOXIA
2. ANEMIC HYPOXIA
3. STAGNAN HYPOXIA
4. HISTOTOXIC HYPOXIA
 Symptoms & Signs

• 10,000 - 15,000 feet

SLEEPY
Performance impairment
Headache
Poor work capacity

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 Symptoms & Signs
• 15,000 - 20,000 feet
- Loss of judgement
- Poor neuromuscular control
- Emotional changes
- Slow thought processes
- Visual symptoms

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Possible Signs and Symptoms Individual of Hypoxia
Must Be Recognized
SYMPTOMS SIGNS
(SUBJECTIVE) (OBJECTIVE)
Air Hunger Hiperventilation
Apprehension Cyanosis
Fatigue Mental Confusion
Headache & Dizziness Poor Judgment
Lost Of Muscle
Hot & Cold Flashes
Coordination
Euphoria & Belligerance
Blurred Vision &
Tunnel Vision
Tingling & Numbness
UNCONSCIOUSNESS
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Hyperventilation
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 Hyperventilation

• is breathing faster and deeper than

needed for the removal of carbon
dioxide
• causes a reduction in the levels of
carbon dioxide in alveolar air, blood and
tissues

AVMED
TIME of USEFUL CONSCIOUSNESS

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80k
Gas Expansion at Altitude

10 x

53k
4x

34k
2x

18k
1x

0 13
 35

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VALSALVA MANEUVER

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 3. Invagination of tymp memb, with
1. Normal right tympanic membrane
congestion along the handle of malleus

2. Tympanic membrane invaginated, 4. Attic congestion resulting from

with min congestion, during descent a relatively mild otitic barotrauma 16
5. Scattered intersttial haemorr in tymp membr 7. Marked congestion, with fresh haemorrage
these are generally residual in nature into the middle ear

6. Unresolved otitic barotrauma. The bubbles

indicate attempts to ventilate the ear via the 8. Rupture of the anterior portion
of the tymp membrane 17
Eustachian tube
AVOID GAS- FORMING FOODS

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Beberapa makanan yang paling umum menghasilkan gas
adalah:
Sayuran seperti brokoli, kubis brussel, kubis, dan kembang
kol.
•Kacang-kacangan.
•Buah seperti persik, pir, dan apel mentah.
•Produk gandum utuh dan kulit gandum.
•Telur.
•Minuman berkarbonasi, minuman sari buah, bir, dan
anggur merah.
•Makanan yang digoreng dan berlemak.
•Makanan dan minuman yang mengandung fruktosa tinggi.
•Gula dan pengganti gula.
•Susu dan produk berbahan susu.
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THANKs FOR YOUR
ATTENTION

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