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PERSIAPAN PASIEN

RADIOTHERAPY
ROHMAWATI SKEP NS
PRAKTISI KEPERAWATAN RS KANKER DHARMAIS
It’S ME
Rohmawati,SKep, Ns
Nursing Practitioner Dharmais Hospital
Case manager inpatient Dharmais Hospital

Villa Riski Ilhami D4/20


Tangerang
Hp 081381068427
Email ummi.furqon@yahoo.com
Tujuan Umum Pembelajaran

Setelah mengikuti mata kuliah


ini peserta mampu
memahami tentang persiapan
pasien radiotherapi
Tujuan Pembelajaran KHUSUS
1. Definisi
2. Macam radioterapi
3. Tujuan radiotherapy
4. Efek samping
5. Persiapan tindakan

1) Typical routes of expo


DEFINISI

Radiotherapi
• Terapi menggunakan radiasi
bersumber dari radioaktif
• Salah satu modalitas dalam
pengobatan kanker dimana radiasi
dilakukan langsung ke target organ
• Radiation therapy uses waves of
radiation to treat cancers and
tumors, as well as other conditions.
TIPE RADIOTHERAPI

1. EKSTERNAL
2. INTERNAL
(BRAKHITERAPI)
Tujuan tindakan radiotheraoy

1. Treatmen utama pengobatan kanker


2. Mengurangi nyeri
3. Mengurangi dan atau menghentikan
perdarahan
4. Treatmen metastasis
EFEK SAMPING RADIOTHERAPI
Short-term side effects
• fatigue or lethargy
• skin irritation, including swelling, blisters, and a
sunburned or tanned appearance
• effects specific to the area of treatment, such as
hair loss, urinary problems, nausea, vomiting, and
diarrhea
• tissue inflammation, such as esophagitis,
pneumonitis, and hepatitis
• rarely, a drop in the number of white blood cells or
platelets
LANJUTAN…

Long-term side effects


Long-term effects also depend on the site of treatment and can include:
Stiffening and restricted movement: After neck therapy, for example, the jaw can
stiffen. This can occur as a result of tissue scarring. Exercises may be advised after cancer
surgery and radiation therapy to help loosen movement.
Skin effects: These include delayed wound healing and a spidery red or purple
appearance caused by dilated capillary blood vessels.
Diarrhea and bleeding: These can occur as a result of bowel damage when the
abdomen receives radiation therapy.
Hormone problems: These can include hypopituitarism or hypothyroidism, dry mouth,
memory loss, and infertility.
A second cancer caused by radiation exposure: Although rare, soft-tissue sarcoma,
for example, can be caused by high doses of radiation.
PROSEDUR
RADIOTHERAPY
1. EXTERNAL RADIOTHERAPY
• Konsul dengan dokter radiotherapy oncologist
• Pasien dibeerikan edukasi dan informasi tentang rencana tindakan
• Bila setuju pasien menandatangani informed consent
• Dokter membuat surat pengantar untuk dilakukan simulasi dan ct planning
• Pasien membuat perjanjian untuk tindakan simulasi dan ct planning
• Petugas ct planning membuat gambar sesuai dengan dosis yang dokter
tetapkan
• Pasien menjalani radiasi setiap hari senin- jumat.
• Tiap kelipatan lima kali radiasi pasien control ke dokter radio oncologist
• Radiasi eksternal dilakukan di rawat jalan selama kondisi pasien baik
Lanjutan…

2. INTERNAL RADIOTHERAPI [ BRAKHITERAPI]


• Konsul dengan dokter radiotherapy oncologist
• Pasien dibeerikan edukasi dan informasi tentang rencana tindakan
• Bila setuju pasien menandatangani informed consent
• Pasien dilakukan periksa darah lengkap, foto thoraks dan EKG
• Pasien dikonsulkan ke dokter anastesi, penyakit dalam dan dokter jantung bila
ditemukan ada masalah.
• Pasien diberikan surat pengantar rawat dan jadwal dilakuakn tindakan
• Sehari sebelum tindakan pasien: masuk rawat inap, puasa 6-8 jam sebelum tindakan,
diit cair bila area radiasi bagian nasofaring, Dulcolax supp dipagi hari bila area
radiasi bagian ginekologi.
• Selesai tindakan pasien akan diobservasi adanya perdarahan, nyeri, sumbatan jalan
nafas dan efek samping dari obat anastesi
• Sekitar 1-2 jm observasi dan tidak ada komplikasi pasien boeh pulang

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