Personal Development

Personal Development

■ Defined as a process in which persons reflect upon

themselves, understand who they are, accept what they
discover about themselves, and learn or unlearn new sets of
values, attitudes, behavior and thinking skills to reach their
fullest potential as a human beings.
KNOWING
ONESELF
Defining the ‘Self’
Self

■ For Socrates, the most important thing to pursue was self-

knowledge, and admitting one’s ignorance is the beginning
of true knowledge.

■ For Plato, one of Socrates’ students, the beginning of

knowledge is self-knowledge. Other ancient philosophers
from other cultures saw the wisdom in knowing oneself.
Self

■ In philosophical terms, it is the being, which is the

source of a person’s consciousness. It is the agent
responsible for an individual’s thoughts and actions.

■ The “Self” defined as a person’s thought, feelings and

actions, experiences, beliefs, values and principles.
Personality
Personality

■ In Psychology, the term ‘Personality’ is referred to as the

set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, and motives that
identifies an individual. Personality is the essence of
who we are.

■ Personality refers to the unique set of behaviors,

feelings, thoughts, and motives that characterize an
individual.
 Nurture and Nature
■ Nurture refers to all the environmental variables that
impact who we are, including our early childhood
experiences, how we were raised, our social relationships,
and our surrounding culture.

■ Nature refers to all of the genes and hereditary factors

that influence who we are.
Trait Theories
 Big Five or Five-Factor Model

-Psychologist Costa and McRae (1992) developed a

categorized scheme that described personality. They
discovered the existence of Five Universal and widely agreed
upon dimensions of personality.
■ For it to be easily remembered, it uses the acronym
OCEAN
Personality Traits
Personality Traits

■ Personality traits is a disposition to behave

consistently in a particular way, while personality is a
broader term that comprises of traits, motives,
thoughts, self-concept, and feelings. an example of
personality trait is shyness or social awkwardness.
The Myers-Briggs Type Indicator
-Katherine Briggs and Isabel Briggs Myers developed the
Myers-Briggs personality model based on four preferences
of individuals. These are:

■ E or I (Extroversion or Introversion) – Is how an individual

prefers to use his or her energy when dealing with people,
whether it is inward (introversion) or outward
(extraversion).
■ S or N (Sensing or intuition) – is how one prefers to
process information, whether through the use of senses
such as being able to describe what one sees, or
intuitively like dealing with ideas.

■ T or F (Thinking or Feeling) is how an individual prefers to

make decisions, either thinking or using logic and
analysis, or feeling which uses the cognitive senses based
on values or beliefs.
■ J or P (Judgement or Perception) – is how an
individual prefers to manage one’s life, whether
through judging, which means a planned and
organized life, versus perception, which has a more
flexible approach to living.