POWER SYSTEM FAULT

CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE
USING SUPPORT VECTOR
MACHINE (SVM)

Presented by :
SAGAR ANSARY
Roll no. – 12/EE/69
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 MOTIVATION
Some statistics :
 Transmission and distribution losses should be
around 5%
 Transmission and distribution losses in India :
Year 2010 2011 2012 2013

T&D Loss 27 % 24 % 23 % 21.14 %

 Government has taken a target of reducing T & D

losses to 17.1 % by the year 2017
 Proper fault detection and instant clearance can
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reduce T & D losses by 5 %
 Introduction to SVM
 Linear Classifiers

How would you

classify this
data?

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 Linear Classifiers

How would you

classify this
data?

4
 Linear Classifiers

How would you

classify this
data?

5
 Linear Classifiers

Any of these
would be fine..

..but which one

is the best?

6
 Classifier Margin

Width that the

boundary
could be
increased by
before hitting a
data point.

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 Maximum Margin
This is the
simplest kind
of SVM (Called
an LSVM)

Support
Vectors are
those data
points that
the margin
pushes up
against
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 Properties of SVM
1. Ability to handle large feature space :-
Complexity does not depend on the dimension of the
feature space.
2. Simple mathematical property :-
Simple vector calculations are required for application
and programming.
3. Flexibility in choosing a similarity function :-
As there may be more than one separating hyper-
planes, there is a flexibility of choosing a similarity
function for the data points.
4. Feature selection :-
Variables represented by the data points feature can 9

be selected manually.
Proposed Fault Classification
Technique
Start

Samples of ground, IR ,IY ,IB

SVM for SVM for R SVM for B

SVM for Y
ground

Fault classification module 10

Fault Classification Format
Sl. No. o/p of o/p of o/p of o/p of Type of
SVM for R SVM for Y SVM for B SVM for Fault
ground
1. 1 0 0 1 R-G
2. 0 1 0 1 Y-G
3. 0 0 1 1 B-G
4. 1 1 0 1 R-Y-G
5. 1 0 1 1 R-B-G
6. 0 1 1 1 Y-B-G
7. 1 1 1 1 R-Y-B-G
8. 1 1 0 0 R-Y
9. 1 0 1 0 R-B
10. 0 1 1 0 Y-B
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11 1 1 1 0 R-Y-B
 Advantages
 Accuracy :-
Fuzzy logic based fault classification scheme has an accuracy of
96.627 %
SVM based fault classification scheme has an accuracy of 98.703%.

 Time :-
In case of 50 Hz system time taken is 10 ms.

 Does not depend on cycle duration :-

Classification accuracy is almost same with the fault current
samples for one cycle duration or half cycle duration

 Easy installation :-
Comes as a kit on a single board. 12
Future scope and conclusion
The feasibility of the developed technique has been tested
mathematically on an extensive data set of 25,200 test cases
covering a wide range of operating conditions. From these test
studies, the accuracy of the proposed classification technique
has been found to be at least 98%.
By changing input variables SVM can also be used for
detecting fault location.
Therefore, the proposed fault classification technique can be
considered quite suitable for digital distance protection scheme
of transmission lines.

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 References
[1] P.K. Dash, S.R. Samantaray, P. Ganapati, Fault classification
and section identification of an advanced series-compensated
transmission line using support vector machine, IEEE Trans.
Power Deliv. 22 (2007) 67–73.

[2] Sami Ekici, Support Vector Machines for classification and

locating faults on transmission lines, Elsevier B.V., Received on
13 Mar 2011.

[3] Chih-Chung Chang, Chih-Jen Lin. LIBSVM-A library for support

vector machines; 2006.
<http://www.csie.ntu.edu.tw/~cjlin/libsvm/> 14
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR PATIENCE

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