Presentation on

PROGRESS OF PhD WORK

NAME H Prakash

Date of Registration 24th Nov,2015

USN 1JS16PMJ03
Title of the Research topic CFD AND EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF
TURBULENT FLOW IN PIPE BEND TO
INVESTIGATE EFFECT OF FLOW
PARAMETERS ON PRESSURE HEAD LOSS
RESEARCH CENTER JSS Academy of Technical Education,
Bangalore
SUPERVISOR Dr. B P Shivakumar, Professor
Department of Mechanical Engineering
JSSATE, Bangalore

Doctoral committee meeting No. First meeting

 COURSE WORK EXAMINATION
INFORMATION

Sl. COURSE COURSE NAME MONTH AND Result with

No. CODE YEAR OF Grde
COMPLETION

1 14PHDAU001 Thermal Stream APR 2017 Pass

2 14PHDRM Research Methodology NOV 2018 Pass
3 14PHDAE002 Computational Fluid Dynamics, NOV 2018 Pass
Combustion and Heat Transfer

4 14PHDME04 Elements of Thermal Science and NOV 2018 Pass

Engineering
 INTRODUCTION

WHY ANALYSIS OF TURBULENT FLOW IN A PIPE BEND IS

IMPORTANT ?
 Water conveying system
 Heat exchangers
 IC Engines
 Chemical Process
 Refrigeration system
 Air conditioning system
 OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH

 To understand turbulent flow of water through different bends

 To investigate pressure and velocity variation considering

turbulent flow through different bends

 To investigate the effect of flow parameters like velocity, phase

of flow, angle of bend, radius of bend on energy losses

 To find optimal flow parameters to minimize Head Loss

 PROBLEM

To investigate Effect of flow parameters like different

fluid, velocity, phase of flow, angle of bend, radius of
curvature, material of bend on Pressure head loss
considering turbulent flow through pipe bend and to
suggest optimal parameters to minimize head loss
 METHODOLOGY

LITERATURE SURVEY ON EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION

TURBULENT FLOW ANALYSIS IN
BEND TIME RESOLVED STEREOSCOPIC PARTIAL IMAGE
VELOCIMETRY
COMBINED HOT-COLD WIRE ANEMOMETRY
LASER DOPPLER VELOCIMETRY
PROBLEM FORMULATION
EEFFECT OF FLOW PARAMETERS ON
HEAD LOSS
BEST PARAMETERS TO MINIMISE LOSS
COMPARISION OF THE RESULTS OF ABOVE
METHODS
ANALITICAL METHODS BASED ON
EMPERICAL RELATIONS TO SOLVE
PROBLEM

BEST PARAMETERS TO MINIMISE HEAD LOSS

NUMERICALS METHODS – CFD SHAPE OF BEND, VELOCITY, MATERIAL OF BEND, Etc.
FLUENT
DIFFERENT BEND SHAPES, PHASE OF
FLOW, VELOCITY, FLUID PROPERTIES,
FLOW PARAMETERS
 POSSIBLE OUTCOMES
 Pressure and Velocity variation through different bend
can be understood

 Effect of flow parameters on pressure head loss

 Optimal parameters and flow condition to minimize

loss
 Suitable geometry and material for pipe –Design of
pipe
 Effect of turbulence on pressure head loss
 Literature Survey
Authors Year Work done Parameters Outcome /
of considered Conclusions
Publi
shing
N. M. Crawford, 2007 Experimental •Curvature • Pressure profile is
G Cunningham Investigation of Ration=R/r not uniform
S. W. T. Spence pressure drop 20, 5, 1.3 downstream
for Turbulent • Minimum pressure
flow in 900 •Pressure loss occurs at CR=5
Bend Measurement •For CR= 20 Pressure
location loss is more due to
20(00, 22.50 , frictional factor
67.50 ) •For CR= 1.3 Pressure
loss is more due to
•For other separation
cases 20(00,
450 , 900 )
 Literature Survey
Authors Year Work done Parameters Outcome /
of considered Conclusions
Publ
ishi
ng
Kalpakli 2012 Experimental • Complex flows are
Athanasia investigation of •Pipe of different investigated in terms of
turbulent flows curvature ratios are statistical quantities
in 90 degree investigated
curved pipes of •Vorticity is apparent
a circular cross • Turbulent flows with when curvature is
section. and without additional present
motion (swirling or
pulsating, superposed) •Effect of flow
parameters on Pressure
• Three Experimental set loss
up used
•Optimal flow
1. Time Resolved stereoscopic
parameters like
particle image velocimetry
(visualize and quantify curvature ratio, flow
secondary motion) type, material of pipe
2. Combined hot/cold wire
etc should be carefully
 Literature Survey
Authors Year Work done Parameters Outcome /
of considered Conclusions
Publ
ishi
ng
Quamrul 2012 • CFD Analysis of • Dia of pipe = 12.7 mm •Pressure drop profile
H. Single and for six location
Mazumder Multiphase Flow •Flow characteristics
Characteristics in At six upstream and •Pressure contour maps
Elbow. downstream location for six location

•CFD simulation • Location distance =4D •Investigated flow

to investigate charectristics and
pressure drop and • Three different air behaviour for single and
velocities (15.24-45.72) multiphase flows
and water velocities
(0.1-10m/s) •Results were compared
with that of emperical
• Both single and multi relations
phase flows considered
 Literature Survey
Author Year Work done Parameters considered Outcome /
s of Conclusions
Publi
shing
Chamoli, 2015 A Taguchi •Rectangular channel with V •Reynolds no (high
Sunil approach for down perforated baffle level) has more
optimization influence on heat
of flow and •Design parameters – transfer coefficient
geometrical Reynolds’s number,
Open area ratio,
parameters in Relative roughness height • Reynolds no
a rectangular Relative roughness pitch (highlevel) and
channel Relative roughness
roughened •Performance characteristics (middle level)has more
with Frictional Loss and Nusselt No influence on frictional
perforated •Used Orthogonal Array -L16 losses
baffles (4) – (16 experiments 4 •Suggested optimal
parameters) parameters and levels
to minize frictional
•S/N Ratio ( most influential loss
factor on performance
characteristics)
 Literature Survey
Author Yea Work done Parameters Outcome /
s r of considered Conclusions
Pu
bli
shi
ng
Barbara Investigated •Pressure losses with • Influence of orientation
Zardin , Pressure Losses geometry in manifold and distance between elbow
in Multiple- on pressure losses
Giovanni 2017 Elbow Paths and •Double elbow 1. U – Low pressure loss
2. Twisted S- Same loss even
Cillo, in V-Bends of 1. U shape (00), mutual distance is changed
Hydraulic 2. Reversed S shape (1800 3. Reversed S-Pressure loss
Massimo Manifolds. (CFD ) decrease with increase in
3. Twisted S shape(900 ) mutual distance
Borghi and 4. Distance between elbows>10d-
Experimental) losses are constant
• Complex pathwith 5. Maintain reciprocal length <5d
multiple Elbow in U shape
6. Avoid V connections with lower
than 900
• V Bend 7. V- Velocity and center –center
distance affect pressure loss
 REFERENCES
1. CFD Analysis of Single and Multiphase Flow Characteristics in
Elbow, Quamrul H. Mazumder, 2012, 4, 210-214
http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/eng.2012.44028 Published Online
April 2012 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/eng)

2. Analysis of Turbulent Flow over a 90° Bend of Duct Using In

Centralized A. C. Plant, CFD Code by Mukesh Didwania, IOSR
Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-
ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X, Volume 11, Issue 4 Ver. I (Jul-
Aug. 2014), PP 41-48 www.iosrjournals.org www.iosrjournals.org
 REFERENCES
3. CFD comparison of erosive wear in elbows due to particulate
gas-solid flow, Chen Guang L

4. Pulsatile turbulent flow through pipe bends at high Dean and

Womersley numbers, A. Kalpakli (AK), R. ¨Orl¨u (R¨O), N.
Tillmark (NT) & P. H. Alfredsson (HAL), J. Phys.: Conf. Series,
318, 092023

5. Experimental investigation on the effect of pulsations on

turbulent flow through a 90degrees pipe bend, A. Kalpakli (AK),
R. ¨Orl¨u (R¨O), N. Tillmark (NT) & P. H. Alfredsson (HAL), 3rd
Int. Conf. on Jets, Wakes & Separated Flows.