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Activity 1: Choose your Question

1. Two Circle with different size and different


content.

2. Two Circle of different size and same content


Activity: What is the Difference of the two diagram?
THEORIES OF THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE:
Activity 2: Inflating a Balloon (Group Activity)

Matl’s. Balloon, Stickers, Air Pump (manual)

Procedure.
Paste the sticker in the surface of the balloon.
Inflate the balloon gradually.
Observe what happen to the balloon and the
stickers.
3. Big Bang Theory state that everything in existence was
originally concentrated into one single tiny point which rapidly
started to expand and still expanding.
The BIG BANG theory rests on two ideas: General Relativity and
the Cosmological Principle. In Einstein’s General Theory of
Relativity, gravity is thought of as a distortion of space-time and
no longer described by a gravitational field in contrast to the
Law of Gravity of Isaac Newton.

General Relativity explains the peculiarities of the orbit of


Mercury and the bending of light by the Sun and has passed
rigorous tests.

The Cosmological Principle assumes that the universe is


homogeneous and isotropic when averaged over large scales.
• As the universe continued to cool down, matter collected into
clouds giving rise to only stars after 380,000 years and eventually
galaxies would form after 100 million years from time zero
during which, through nucleosynthesis in stars, carbon and
elements heavier than carbon were produced.

• From 9.8 billion years until the present, the universe became
dark-energy dominated and underwent accelerating expansion.
At about 9.8 billion years after the big bang, the solar
system was formed.
The Big Bang Theory has withstood the tests for expansion: 1) the redshift 2)
abundance of hydrogen, helium, and lithium, and 3) the uniformly pervasive cosmic
microwave background radiation-the remnant heat from the bang.

Evolution of the Universe according to the Big Bang Theory

• From time zero (13.8 billion years ago) until 10-43 second later, all matter and
energy in theuniverse existed as a hot, dense, tiny state . It then underwent
extremely rapid, exponential inflation until 10-32 second later after which and until
10 seconds from time zero, conditions allowed the existence of only quarks, hadrons,
and leptons.
• Then, Big Bang nucleosynthesis took place and produced protons, neutrons, atomic
nuclei, and then hydrogen, helium, and lithium until 20 minutes after time zero when
sufficient cooling did not allow further nucleosynthesis.

From then on until 380,000 years, the cooling universe entered a matter-dominated
period when photons decoupled from matter and light could travel freely as still
observed today in the form of cosmic microwave background radiation
Group Activity : Prepare a Comparison of Big Bang and Steady
State Theory by answering the following questions.

Questions Big Bang VS Steady State

Is the Universe expanding?

Does the Universe have a fix mass?

What happen to the density of the universe?

What proofs support the theory?

Does the Universe have a beginning?


The proofs like the red shift, cosmic rays and
radiation makes the Big Bang Theory more
acceptable. But still there are question arises --
until when the expansion happen, what comes
next, does it back in stage of singularity?

ANY QUESTION OR CLARIFICATION..


EVALUATION:

Draw a Venn Diagram to show the comparison


of Big Bang and Steady State Theory of Origin of
the Universe.
Assignment:
Group ( 1 ) one to prepare / bring materials
for activity 2 tomorrow. (2 set of different size
of magnet, fine grain metals, paper)

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