ZTE WCDMA Handover

ZTE UMTS Handover
 Intra-Frequency Handover
 Inter-frequency Handover
 Inter-RAT Handover
 HSDPA-related Handover
 HSUPA-related Handover
Intra-Frequency Handover Policy
Introduction
Intra-frequency handover is the handover between cells in one

frequency of UTRAN. The intra-frequency handover can be triggered by
Ec/N0 or RSCP measurement.
F1
cell Intra-frequency mobility

Category
 Soft Handover and Softer Handover
Cell 1 HO Cell 2
RL 1
RL 2
 Intra-Frequency Hard Handover
Cell 1 HO Cell 2
RL 1
RL 2
Measurement object
Including active set measurement, monitored set measurement
and detected set measurement.
 Active set: the set of cells retaining radio links with UE

 Monitored set: the set of cells retaining no radio link with UE but
requiring measurement by sending the intra-frequency measurement
control message to UE.
 Detected set : the set of intra-frequency cells except cells in the
active set and monitored set
Measurement report method

 Event reporting : UE judges whether intra-frequency events are
satisfied based on the quality measurement results of cell
 Periodical reporting: UE periodically reports the quality

measurement result of intra-frequency cell PCPICH to the RNC and
the RNC then judges whether intra-frequency events are satisfied
based on the measurement result.
Events
A series of intra-frequency measurement events are defined in 3GPP as the judgment and
trigger criteria for intra-frequency handover. Measurement quantity: PCPICH Ec/N0 or
RSCP
 Event 1A: A Primary CPICH enters the Reporting Range. It can be used for adding cell to
the active set.
 NA 
10  LogMNew  CIO New  W  10  Log  Mi   (1  W)  10  LogMBest  (R1a  H1a /2)
 i1 
 Event 1B: A Primary CPICH leaves the Reporting Range. It can be used for deleting cell
from the active set.
 NA 
10  LogMOld  CIO Old  W  10  Log  Mi   (1  W)  10  LogMBest  (R1b  H1b /2)
 i1 
Events
 Event 1C: A Non-active Primary CPICH becomes better than an active Primary CPICH. It
can be used for replacing the cell with bad quality in the active set.
10  LogMNew  CIO New  10  LogMInAS  CIOInAS  H1c /2
 Event 1D: The best cell changes. It can be used for soft/softer handover, intra-frequency
hard handover and inter-frequency load balance.
10  LogMNotBest  CIO NotBest  10  LogMBest  CIO Best  H1d /2

Neighboring priority
In 3GPP, the number of intra-frequency neighboring cells is limited in 32.
Source Cell
Priority 0
Priority 1
Priority 2
Cell priority configuration

Detected set Handover

 Condition: detected set handover is enabled, and the number of
adjacent cells are exceeding 32
 Action: RNC informs UE to report the measurement results of
detected set in the measurement control.
Detected Set Tracing

Purpose: The detected set tracing is used in network planning and
optimization to judge whether there is any adjacent cell not
configured based on the statistical report.
Intra-Frequency Handover related parameters
 Reporting Range Constant for Event 1A/1B
3GPP name Reporting Range Constant
3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”
Abbreviated
RptRange [MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter controls the triggering of event 1a/1b. 1a is easier but 1b is harder to trigger when this value
Description increases; and vice verse. MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT indicates the maximum number of intra-frequency
measurement event, which is 7.
Description
Parameter name Reporting Range Constant for Event 1A/1B
Range and step (0..14.5)dB step 0.5dB
Period Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: -

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [3,5,0,0,0,0,0]
Period Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP : -
Default value UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [6,8,0,0,0,0,0]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [4]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [7]
Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control
 Weight for Event 1A/1B
3GPP name W
Abbreviated
W[MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter is used for quality judgment of event 1a and 1b，which indicates the weight of the best cell in
the quality judgment and is related to the measurement quantity and the event type.
Description MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT indicates the maximum number of intra-frequency measurement event, which
is 7.
Description
Parameter name Weight for Event 1A/1B
Range and step (0.0..2.0) step 0.1

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
Default value UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [0.0]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [0.0]

 Hysteresis
3GPP name Hysteresis
Abbreviated
Hysteresis[MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the hysteresis used when judging whether to trigger the event. This parameter
makes it different between the status to trigger an event and the status to leave the event, so as to avoid the
trigger status change due to very small change.
The larger the value is, the larger the difference between the status to trigger the event and the status to
Description leave the event will be.
This parameter is related to the measurement quantity and the event type.
Different events are configured separately and can be configured with different hysteresis
MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT indicates the maximum number of intra-frequency measurement event, which
is 7
Description
Parameter name Hysteresis
Range and step (0..7.5)dB step 0.5dB

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [0,0,4,4,2,2,4]
Default value UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [4,4,6,6,4,4,6]

 Reporting Deactivation Threshold for Event 1A
3GPP name Reporting deactivation threshold
Abbreviated
RptDeactThr[MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the maximum number of the cells that can exist in the active set. When the UE
detects that one cell in the monitoring set satisfies the threshold of event 1a, it first judges whether the
Description number of the cells in the current active set is not greater than the value indicated by this parameter. If so,
triggers event 1a. If not, does not trigger event 1a.
Description
Parameter name Reporting Deactivation Threshold for Event 1A
Range and step (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
Only configured for event 1a.

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [2, -, -, -, -, -, -]
Default value Period Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP : -
UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [2, -, -, -, -, -, -]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [6

 Replacement Activation Threshold for Event 1C and 1J
3GPP name Replacement activation threshold
Abbreviated
RplcActThr[MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the minimum number of the cell that can exist in the DCH active set when triggering
event 1c or in the E-DCH active set when triggering event 1j. When UE detects that one cell satisfies the
trigger threshold of event 1c/1j, it first judges whether the number of the cells in the current active set is
Description smaller than the value indicated by this parameter. If so, do not trigger event 1c/1j. If the value is 0, the
parameter is invalid.
is 7
Description
Parameter name Replacement Activation Threshold for Event 1C and 1J
Range and step (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)
Only configured for event 1c and 1j.

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [-, -, 3, -, -, -, 3]
UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [-, -, 3, -, -, -, 3]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [-]
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [-]

 Time to Trigger
3GPP name Time to trigger
Abbreviated
TrigTime[MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the time difference between having detected the event generation and reporting the
event. Only when the event generation is detected and still meets all requirements of event triggering after
Time to trigger, the event can be triggered and reported. The larger the value is, the stricter the judgment is
Description for the event to be triggered. The parameter should be set according to the actual requirements. Sometimes,
if it is set too large, the quality of calls may decrease.
is 7.
Description
Parameter name Time to Trigger
Range and step (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000)ms

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [200,640,320,320,200,200, 320]ms
Default value UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [200,200,200, 200,200,200,200]ms
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [200]ms
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [200]ms

 Amount of Reporting for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J
3GPP name Amount of reporting
Abbreviated
TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”
name
This parameter indicates the maximum times to report the measurement report after triggering event
1a/1b/1c/1j (because they are reported periodically). After event 1a/1b/1c/1j is triggered, the UE reports the
measurement results according to the report intervals. If the times of event reports exceeds the value
Description indicated by this parameter, UE stops reporting the measurement results. If the result of judgment indicates
that event 1a/1b/1c/1j finishes, stop reporting the measurement results even the times of report do not reach
the value indicated by this parameter. MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT indicates the maximum number of intra-
frequency measurement event, which is 7.
Description
Parameter name Amount of Reporting for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J
Range and step (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, Infinity)
Only configured for event 1a, 1c, 1j.

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [4, -, 4, -, -, -, 4]
UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [4, -, 4, -, -, -, 4]

 Reporting Interval for Event 1A/1B /1C/1J
3GPP name Reporting interval
Abbreviated
EvtRptInterval[MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the time interval to report the measurement results after triggering event 1a/1b/1c/1j
(because they are reported periodically). After event 1a/1b/1c/1j is triggered, the UE reports the
measurement results according to the report intervals. If the times of event reports exceeds Amount of
Description Reporting for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J, UE stops reporting the measurement results. If the result of judgment
indicates that event 1a/1b/1c/1j finishes, stop reporting the measurement results even the times of report do
not reach Amount of Reporting for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J. MAX_INTRA_MEAS_EVENT indicates the maximum
number of intra-frequency measurement event, which is 7.
Description
Parameter name Reporting Interval for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J
Range and step (0, 250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, 16000)ms
Only configured for event 1a, 1c, 1j.

UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [2000, -, 2000, -, -, -, 2000]ms
UE Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [2000, -, 2000, -, -, -, 2000]ms
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [2000]ms
Detected Set Measurement Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [2000]ms

Inter-Frequency Handover Policy
Introduction
Inter-frequency handover is a feature that a UE in CELL_DCH hands
over from a cell on a frequency of UTRAN to another cell on another
frequency.
F2
F1
Intra-frequency mobility
cell
Inter-frequency mobility
Triggers
The factors triggering inter-frequency hard handover include radio quality, load,
and UE speed.
 Radio quality: the quality of the frequency where UE is currently located
becoming worse and UE handovers to another frequency based on measurement
results. The measurement categories,
 PCPICH(RSCP/EcNo) quality of cell in current serving carrier frequency.
 Uplink Block Error Rate (BLER) of the Dedicated Channel (DCH).
 Uplink transmit power of DCH.
 Downlink transmit power of DCH.
 Load: the cell load of used frequency is too heavy, the system handovers some
UEs of this cell to an adjacent cell on another frequency
 UE speed: It is mainly used on the HCS network.
Priority: Load > radio quality > UE speed

Measurement and Events
A series of inter-frequency measurement events are defined in 3GPP as the
judgment and trigger criteria for inter-frequency handover. Measurement
quantity: PCPICH Ec/N0 or RSCP
 Event 2A: The best carrier frequency changes.
QNotBest  QBest  H2a /2
 Event 2B: The quality of working carrier frequency is lower than a threshold
and that of non-working carrier frequency is higher than a threshold.
QNon used  TNon used 2b  H2b /2
QUsed  TUsed 2b  H2b /2

 Event 2C: The quality of non-working carrier frequency is higher than a threshold.
QNon used  TNon used 2c  H2c /2

 Event 2D: The quality of working carrier frequency is lower than a threshold.
QUsed  TUsed 2d  H2d /2

 Event 2E: The quality of non-working carrier frequency is lower than a threshold.
QNon used  TNon used 2e  H2e /2
 Event 2F: The quality of working carrier frequency is higher than a threshold.
Q Used  TUsed 2f  H 2f /2
Inter-Frequency Handover related parameters
 Absolute Threshold of the Quality of the Currently Used Frequency for
2B/2D/2F
3GPP name Threshold used frequency
Abbreviated
ThreshUsedFreq[MAX_INTER_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the absolute threshold that is required to be configured for event 2b/2d/2f
Description (used when judging the quality of the currently used frequency.
MAX_INTEREAS_EVENT is the maximum number of inter-frequecy measument event which is 6.
Description
Parameter name Absolute Threshold of the Quality of the Currently Used Frequency for 2B/2D/2F
CPICH RSCP: (-115..-25 )dBm step 1dBm

Range and step CPICH Ec/No: (-24..0) dB step 1dB
UE Period Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: -
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [-24,-13, -24,-13,-24,-5]dB
Default value UE Period Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: -
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [-115,-95, -115,-95,-115,-80]dBm

 Weight of the Currently Used Frequency for 2A/2B/2D/2F
3GPP name W used frequency
Abbreviated
Wused[MAX_INTER_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter is used for quality judgment for the carrier of currently used frequency, which indicates the
weight of the best cell in the quality judgment and is related to the measurement quantity and the event type
Description (only for event 2a/2b/2d/2f).
Description
Parameter name Weight of the Currently Used Frequency for 2A/2B/2D/2F
Range and step (0.0..2.0 ) step 0.1

UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]

 Absolute Threshold of the Quality of the Non-used Frequency for
2B/2C/2E
3GPP name Threshold non used frequency
Abbreviated
ThreshNoUsedFreq[MAX_INTER_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the absolute threshold that is required to be configured for event 2b/2c/2e (used
Description when judging the quality of the not used frequency).
Description
Parameter name Absolute Threshold of the Quality of the Non-used Frequency for 2B/2C/2E

UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [-24,-5,-5,-24,-13,-24]dB
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [-115,-50,-50,-115,-95,-115]dBm

 Weight of the Non-used Frequency for 2A/2B/2C/2E
3GPP name W non-used frequency
Abbreviated
WNoUsed[MAX_INTER_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter is used when judging the quality of the cells of not used frequencies. This parameter
Description indicates the weight of the best cell in the quality judgment (only for event 2a/2b/2c/2e).
Description
Parameter name Weight of the Non-used Frequency for 2A/2B/2C/2E
Range and step (0.0..2.0 ) step 0.1

UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [0.0, 0.0, 0.0,0.0,0.0,0.0]

 Hysteresis
Abbreviated
Hysteresis[MAX_INTER_MEAS_EVENT]
name
makes it different between the status to trigger an event and the status to leave the event, so as to avoid the
Description trigger status change due to very small change. Different events are configured separately and can be
configured with different values.
Description
(0, 0.5..14.5)dB step 0.5dB

Range and step
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [4,4,4,4,4,4]dB
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [4,4,4,4,4,4]dB

 Time to Trigger
Abbreviated
TrigTime[MAX_INTER_MEAS_EVENT]
name
Description
Range and step (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000)ms

UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: [100,100,100,640,100,640]
UE Inter-frequency Event Report Parameters for CPICH RSCP: [100,100,100,640,100,640]

Compressed Mode
Two ways to generate compressed mode frames
Halving of Spreading Factor (SF)

By halving the SF, the bandwidth can be increased so that some timeslots in one
radio frame can be specially assigned for inter-frequency/Inter-RAT measurement and
some can be specially assigned for data transmission. This transmission strategy is
generally used in services which raise high requirements for delay and assurance of
minimum data rate, for example, CS- and S-type PS data services.
Higher Layer Scheduling

The higher layer scheduling is a strategy in which the higher layer adjusts and
controls the data transmission rate. Some timeslots in a radio frame can be specially
assigned for inter-frequency/Inter-RAT measurement and some can be specially
assigned for data transmission while the bandwidth remains unchanged. This strategy
is generally used for non-real time services with low requirements for delay, for
example, I/B-type PS data services.
Compressed Mode
Transmission gap Radio frame
#0 #Nfirst-1 #Nlast+1 #14

(1) Single-frame method
Transmission gap
First radio frame Second radio frame
#0 #Nfirst-1 #Nlast+1 #14

(2) Double-frame method
Transmission Gap (TG) position

Compressed Mode
#1 #2 #3 #4 #5 #TGPRC
TG pattern 1 TG pattern 1 TG pattern 1 TG pattern 1 TG pattern 1 TG pattern 1
TG pattern 1
Transmission Transmission
gap 1 gap 2
TGSN
TGL1 TGL2
TGD
TGPL1
Parameters of compressed mode

Compressed Mode parameters
GSM adjacent cell FDD adjacent cell

measurement measurement
TGSN 4 (Slots) 3 (Slots)
TGL1 7 (Slots) 7 (Slots)
TGD Not configured Not configured
TGPL1 8 (Frames) 8 (Frames)

Inter-RAT Handover Policy
Introduction
Inter-RAT handover refers to UE switches from one radio access system to
another one. Here it only applies to the mobility management for UE
switching from UTRAN to GERAN (the mobility management from GERAN to
UTRAN belongs to the strategy of GERAN).
F1
GSM
Intra-frequency mobility
cell
Inter-RAT mobility
Requirement
This function requires UE to support both WCDMA and GSM,
Moreover, the GSM also needs to offer related functions to support
Inter-RAT handover.
Services which WCDMA-to-GSM handover supports

 voice services
 Video service fallback to voice service and handover to 2G. (3GPP
R6)
 PS transferred to GPRS/GERAN
Triggers
The factors triggering inter-frequency hard handover include radio quality and load
 Radio quality: the quality of the used frequency becoming worse and inter-
frequency measurement initiation conditions cannot be met or the quality of other
frequencies are also poor, and then handovers UE to the cell of GERAN based on
Inter-RAT measurement results
 PCPICH(RSCP/EcNo) quality of cell in current serving carrier frequency.
 Uplink Block Error Rate (BLER) of the Dedicated Channel (DCH).
 Uplink transmit power of DPCH.
 Downlink transmit power of DPCH.
 Load: When the load of cell in current UTRAN system is too heavy, the system
switches partial services of this cell to an 2G adjacent cell
Priority: Load > radio quality

3GPP defies a series of Inter-RAT measurement events. An UE reports the
corresponding events when defined conditions are met.
 Event 3A: The currently used UTRAN carrier quality is lower than a threshold, and the
quality of other radio systems is higher than a threshold. It is used for decision of Inter-
RAT handover.
QUsed  TUsed  H3a /2

MOther RAT  CIO Other RAT  TOther RAT  H3a /2
 Event 3C: The quality of other radio systems is higher than a threshold. It can be used
for Inter-RAT handover decision.
MOther RAT  CIO Other RAT  TOther RAT  H3c /2

Inter-RAT Handover related parameters
 Absolute Threshold of the Quality of UTRAN Cell for 3A
3GPP name Threshold own system
Abbreviated
Thresh[MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the absolute threshold of the UTRAN cell quality that UE uses to judge event 3a.
The range and unit of the parameter relate to the measurement quantity of UTRAN system.
Description MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT is the maximum number of inter-RAT measurement events which takes the value
of 4.
Description
Parameter name Absolute Threshold of the Quality of UTRAN Cell for 3A

Period Report Parameters for Own System CPICH Ec/No: -

UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH Ec/No: [-6, -24,-24,-24]
Default value Period Report Parameters for Own System CPICH RSCP: -
UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH RSCP: [-95, -115,-115,-115]

 Weight of the UTRAN System for 3A
Abbreviated
W[MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter is used when judging the quality of the UTRAN system in inter-RAT measurement, which
indicates the weight of the best cell in the quality judgment (only for event 3a).
Description MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT is the maximum number of inter-RAT measurement events which takes the value
of 4.
Description
Parameter name Weight of the UTRAN System for 3A
Range and step (0.0..2.0) step 0.1

UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH Ec/No: [0, -, -, -]
UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH RSCP: [0, -, -, -]

 Absolute Threshold of the Quality of Other RAT for 3A/3B/3C
3GPP name Threshold other system
Abbreviated
ThreshSys[MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT]
name
This parameter indicates the absolute threshold used when judging the quality of other RAT configured for
event 3a/3b/3c. The value range and unit of this parameter are related to the measurement quantity of other
system, at present the measurement quantity can only be GSM Carrier RSSI of the GSM system, which
Description corresponds to the CPICH RSCP of UTRAN system, so the value range and unit of this parameter
correspond to the CPICH RSCP.
MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT is the maximum number of inter-RAT measurement events which takes the value
of 4.
Description
Parameter name Absolute Threshold of the Quality of Other RAT for 3A/3B/3C


UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH Ec/No: [-90, -95, -95, -115]dBm
UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH RSCP: [-90, -95, -95, -115]dBm

 Hysteresis
Abbreviated name Hysteresis[MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT]
makes it different between the status to trigger an event and the status to leave the event, so as to avoid
the trigger status change due to very small change.
The larger the value is, the larger the difference between the status to trigger the event and the status to
Description leave the event will be.
This parameter is related to the measurement quantity and the event type.
Different events are configured separately and can be configured with different hysteresis
MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT is the maximum number of inter-RAT measurement events which takes the
value of 4.
Description
Range and step (0, 0.5..7.5)dB step 0.5dB

UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH Ec/No: [4,4,2,4]dB
UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH RSCP: [4,4,4,4]dB

 Time to Trigger
Abbreviated
TrigTime[MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT]
name
MAX_RAT_MEAS_EVENT is the maximum number of inter-RAT measurement events which takes the value
of 4.
Description
Range and step (0, 10, 20, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 160, 200, 240, 320, 640, 1280, 2560, 5000)ms

UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH Ec/No: [100,100,100,100]ms
UE Event Report Parameters for Own System CPICH RSCP: [100,100,100,100]ms

HSDPA Handover Policy
Cell Category
After HSDPA is introduced, according to cell capability cells can be categorized as following
 Not Support HSUPA and HSDPA
 Support HSDPA and DCH
 Support HSDPA only
Characteristic
The big difference between HS-DSCH and DPCH is that there is no concept of macro
diversity for HS-PDSCH, but its associated DPCH has macro diversity
 The physical channels of HS-DSCH does not support softer handover
 HS-DSCH supports fast cell selection
 Associated DPCH supports softer handover
s t
Radio link part of the

active set, Serving HS-DSCH
other than the serving radio link
HS-DSCH radio link
s Source HS-DSCH cell t Target HS-DSCH cell
Change of HS-DSCH Serving Cell

Intra-frequency handover
 HS-DSCH->DCH : triggered by 1B/1C/1D
 DCH->HS-DSCH: triggered by 1D
 HS->DSCH->HS-DSCH: triggered by 1B/1C/1D
Inter-frequency handover
 HS-DSCH->DCH :The UE has HSDPA and HS-DSCH is used before handover, but
HSDPA admission control of target cell fails. A decision of inter-frequency hard
handover together with HS-DSCH transferring to DCH is made
 DCH->HS-DSCH: The UE has HSDPA and DCH is used before handover, and
HSDPA admission control of target cell succeeds. A decision of inter-frequency hard
handover together with DCH transferring to HS-DSCH is made.
 HS->DSCH->HS-DSCH: The UE has HSDPA and HS-DSCH is used before
handover , and HSDPA admission control of target cell succeeds. A decision of inter-
frequency hard handover together with HS-DSCH serving cell change is made.
Inter-RAT handover
 UTRAN->GSM/GERAN
The HSDPA service is included and then the same handover flow as that for
between R99 systems is performed.
 GSM/GERAN -> UTRAN
The strategy is similar as that when a service accesses the system at first
time. If both service and target cell support HS-DSCH/DCH, the service is
established directly on HS-DSCH/DCH, otherwise on DCH/DCH.

HSDPA Handover related parameters
 Timer for Event 1D in HSPA or MBMS
3GPP name -
3GPP reference -
Abbreviated
T1d
name
For HSPA, this parameter indicates the minimum interval between two HSPA serving cell changes or
channel , which helps to avoid too frequent HSPA serving cell changes and channel transition.
Description
For MBMS, this parameter indicates the minimum interval between two best cell changes due to event 1d
which helps to avoid too frequent change between PTP and PTM bearer types.
Description
Parameter name Timer for Event 1D in HSPA or MBMS
Range and step (0..65535)s step 1
Default value 4s
Working scope RNC

HSDPA Handover related parameters
 HSDPA Associate CM Method
3GPP name -
3GPP reference -
Abbreviated
HsdpaCmAssoMode
name
This parameter indicates the HSUPA associate Compressed Mode method. The value of ‘Serial ’ means that
compressed mode and HSUPA can not be used together, if HSUPA is used, only when HS-DSCH->DCH
Description
channel transition is completed can the compressed mode be activated.
The value of ‘Parallel’ means that compressed mode and HSUPA can be used together
Description
This parameter indicates the HSDPA associate compressed mode method. The value of ‘Serial ’ means that
compressed mode and HSDPA can not be used together, if HSDPA is used, only when HS-DSCH->DCH
Parameter name
The value of ‘Parallel’ means that compressed mode and HSDPA can be used together.
0: Serial
Range and step
1: Parallel
Default value Parallel
Working scope RNC

HSUPA Handover Policy
Cell Category
After HSUPA is introduced, according to cell capability cells can be categorized

as following
 Not Support HSUPA and HSDPA

 Support HSDPA and DCH
 Support HSDPA only
 Support HSUPA , HSDPA and DCH
 Support HSUPA and HSDPA
HSUPA has macro diversity and the E-DCH active set and DCH active
set can be different.
cell 1 cell 2 Cell 3
E-DCH active set DCH active set
Different Active Sets of E-DCH and DCH

Intra-frequency handover
 HS-DSCH/E-DCH->DCH/DCH : triggered by 1B/1C/1D

 DCH/DCH->HS-DSCH/E-DCH : triggered by 1D
 HS-DSCH/E-DCH->HS-DSCH/E-DCH : triggered by 1B/1C/1D
 HS-DSCH/E-DCH->HS-DSCH/DCH : triggered by 1B/1C/1D
 HS-DSCH/DCH->HS-DSCH/E-DCH :triggered by 1D
 HS-DSCH/E-DCH->DCH/DCH : The UE has HSPA and HS-DSCH/E-DCH is used

before handover, but HSPA admission control of target cell fails. A decision of inter-
frequency hard handover together with HS-DSCH/E-DCH transferring to DCH/DCH is
made
 DCH/DCH->HS-DSCH/E-DCH : The UE has HSPA and DCH/DCH is used before

handover, and HSPA admission control of target cell succeeds. A decision of inter-
frequency hard handover together with DCH/DCH transferring to HS-DSCH/E-DCH is
made.
 HS-DSCH/E-DCH->HS-DSCH/E-DCH: :The UE has HSPA and HS-DSCH/E-DCH is

used before handover , and HSPA admission control of target cell succeeds. A decision of
inter-frequency hard handover together with HS-DSCH/E-DCH serving cell change is
made.
 HS-DSCH/E-DCH->HS-DSCH/DCH : The UE has HSPA and HS-DSCH/E-DCH is
used before handover, but HSUPA admission control of target cell fails. A decision of inter-
frequency hard handover together with HS-DSCH/E-DCH transferring to HS-DSCH/DCH
is made
 HS-DSCH/DCH->HS-DSCH/E-DCH :The UE has HSPA and HS-DSCH/E-DCH is

used before handover, and HSPA admission control of target cell succeeds. A decision of
inter-frequency hard handover together with HS-DSCH/DCH transferring to HS-DSCH/E-
DCH is made.
Inter-RAT handover
 UTRAN->GSM/GERAN
The HSPA service is included, and then the same handover flow as that for
between R99 systems is performed.
 GSM/GERAN -> UTRAN

Similar to the handover between R99 systems, if the target cell support HS-
DSCH/E-DCH, the service is established directly on HS-DSCH/E-DCH.
HSUPA Handover related parameters
 Maximum Number of Cells in E-DCH Active Set
3GPP name -
Abbreviated
name
MaxNumOfEdchAct
This parameter indicates the maximum number of cells allowed in

Description
E-DCH active set.
Description
Parameter name Maximum Number of Cells in E-DCH Active Set
Range and step 1..4
Default value 3
Working scope RNC
HSUPA Handover related parameters
 HSUPA Associate CM Method
3GPP name -
3GPP reference -
Abbreviated
HsupaCmAssoMode
name
This parameter indicates the HSUPA associate Compressed Mode method. The value of ‘Serial ’ means that
compressed mode and HSUPA can not be used together, if HSUPA is used, only when HS-DSCH->DCH
Description
The value of ‘Parallel’ means that compressed mode and HSUPA can be used together
Description
Parameter name HSUPA Associate CM Method
0: Serial
Range and step
1: Parallel
Default value Serial
Working scope RNC

ZTE WCDMA Handover

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ZTE UMTS Handover

Intra-frequency handover is the handover between cells in one

cell Intra-frequency mobility

 Intra-Frequency Hard Handover

 Active set: the set of cells retaining radio links with UE

Measurement report method

 Periodical reporting: UE periodically reports the quality

10  LogMNew  CIO New  10  LogMInAS  CIOInAS  H1c /2

10  LogMNotBest  CIO NotBest  10  LogMBest  CIO Best  H1d /2

Cell priority configuration

Detected set Handover

Detected Set Tracing

3GPP name Reporting Range Constant

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Reporting Range Constant for Event 1A/1B

Range and step (0..14.5)dB step 0.5dB

Period Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: -

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Weight for Event 1A/1B

Range and step (0.0..2.0) step 0.1

Period Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: -

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Hysteresis

Range and step (0..7.5)dB step 0.5dB

Period Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: -

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

3GPP name Reporting deactivation threshold

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Reporting Deactivation Threshold for Event 1A

Range and step (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)

Only configured for event 1a.

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Replacement Activation Threshold for Event 1C and 1J

Range and step (0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7)

Only configured for event 1c and 1j.

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Time to Trigger

Period Report Parameters for CPICH Ec/No: -

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Amount of Reporting for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J

Range and step (1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, Infinity)

Only configured for event 1a, 1c, 1j.

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

3GPP reference TS 25.331: “RRC Protocol Specification”

Parameter name Reporting Interval for Event 1A/1B/1C/1J

Only configured for event 1a, 1c, 1j.

Working scope UTRAN Cell and Basic Priority Related

Related feature Handover Control

 UE speed: It is mainly used on the HCS network.

Priority: Load > radio quality > UE speed

 Event 2A: The best carrier frequency changes.

QNotBest  QBest  H2a /2

QNon used  TNon used 2b  H2b /2