The Human Person as an

Embodied Spirit
 Transcendence in
Global Age
 Transcendence

 • An act of rising above something to a superior

state

 • State of excelling or surpassing or going beyond

usual limits of material experience

 • Comes from the Latin prefix trans-, meaning

“beyond”, and the word scandare, meaning to climb.
 Hinduism
 Hinduism is one of the oldest Eastern traditions practiced
by hundreds of millions of people for about 5,000 years

 At the heart of Hinduism lies the idea of human beings'

quest for absolute truth, so that one's soul and the
Brahman or Atman
(Absolute Soul) might become one
 The Aum

 It is the root of the universe and everything that

exists and it continues to hold everything together
 Human beings possess dual nature:

The spiritual and immortal essence (soul)

Empirical life and character
 Karma (कर्म)
• It refers to intentional actions that affect one's
fortunes in this life and the next.

• Humanity's basic goal in life is the liberation (moksha)

of spirit (jiva).
 Transmigration/Metempsychosis

 Hindus believe the atman repeatedly takes on a body

until moksha.

 If a person has led a good life, the soul goes upward

the scale. The soul of an evil person, on the other
hand, may pass into the body of an animal.
• Moksha
It is the transcendent state attained as a result of being released
from the cycle of rebirth.
Hinduism's Primary Values
1. Wealth
2. Pleasure
3. Duty
4. Enlightenment
 Buddhism
From Tears to
Enlightenment
 Like stars fading and vanishing at dawn, Like bubbles
on a fast moving stream, Like morning dewdrops
evaporating on blades of grass, like a candle flickering
in a stormy wind, echoes, mirages, and phantoms
hallucinations and like a dream.

 - The Buddha, Eight Smiles of Illusion

 Siddhartha Gautama (Buddha)
 He turned away from Hinduism to seek for answers to
the
riddle of life's sufferings, disease, old age, and death.
 Four Noble Truths
1. Life is full of suffering;
2. Suffering is caused by passionate desires, lusts,
cravings;
3. Only as these are obliterated, will suffering cease;
4. Such eradication of desire may be accomplished only
by following the Eightfold Path of earnest endeavor.
 Eightfold Path
1. Right belief in and acceptance of the "Fourfold Truth";
2. Right aspiration for one's self and for others;
3. Right speech that harms no one;
4. Right conduct, motivated by goodwill toward all human beings;
5. Right means of livelihood, or earning one's living by honorable
means;
6. Right endeavor, or effort to direct one's energies toward wise
ends;
7. Right mindfulness in choosing topics for thought; and
8. Right meditation or concentration to the point of complete
absorption in mystic ecstasy.
 The Biblical God and Humanity
 In the 5th century, Augustines writing is considered to
be
the most influential in the early medieval period.
 -this section looks at the reasonableness of belief in
Gods
existence.
 -Theistic Hypothesis treating the statement "God
exists" as a
hypothesis
 -Religious people do not treat Gods existence as a
hypothesis.
 -The religious problem in the Old Testament narratives is
not
 Atheism the denial of God but Polytheism the worship
of too many gods.

-in the new testament the reality of God is unquestioned

because the Jesus of Nazareth the eternal God became
flesh and dwelt among human beings.
 For Augustine(354-430 CE)
 Teachings of christianity are based on the love of God
which Augustine's, Aquinas', and Anselm's arguments
rooted.

 -Christianity as presenting the full revelation of the

true God, is the only full and true philosophy
 When comes the knowledge of God? It starts
 With philosophy is "amor sapiential", the love of
wisdom. Hence it is the love of God it is then religious
 -All knowledge leads to God so that faith supplement
and enlightens reason that may proceed to ever richer
and fuller
understanding.
 "Human beings alone, without God, are bound
 to fail" faith and made perfect by understanding
 Evaluate Limitations

 FORGIVENESS
 THE BEAUTY OF NATURE
 VULNERABILITY
 FAILURE
 LONELINESS
 LOVE
 FORGIVENESS

 we are freed from our anger and bitterness.

- the hardness of our heart is reinforced by
whole series of rational arguments
 THE BEAUTY OF NATURE

 There's is perfection in every sinble flower;

this what the three philosophies believed.

 - these kinds of experiences can be truly

moment of grace and need to be praise.
 VULNERABILITY

 to be invulnerable is somehow inhuman. To be

vulnerable is to be human. -

 without acknowledging the help of others is to live

without meaning and direction. -Dependence on
others are not a sign of weakness but being true with
ourselves
 FAILURE

 it force us to confront out weaknesses and

limitations.
 -such acceptance of our failures makes us
hope and trust that all can be brought into
good
 LONELINESS

 our loneliness can be rooted from our sense of

vulnerability and fear of death.
 -this is a common a experience. -with our loneliness we
can realize that our dependence on other people or
gadgets is possessiveness that we can be free from.
 LOVE
 to love is to experience richness, positivity, and
transcendence.
 -Life is full of risks, fears and commitment, pain and
sacrificing and giving up things we want for the sake
of the one we love.

 - in a Buddhist view "the more we love, the more we

risks
and fears there are in life"
1. How do you view suffering ? (as blessing or a curse)
2. How can forgiveness free us from anger?