THE THREE

DEPARTMENTS OF
THE GOVERNMENT
By:
PROF. AMELITA RAMIREZ-BELLO, Ll.B, M.A.P.A.
Associate Professor 2

Political Science Department

Bicol University College of Social Sciences & Philosophy
O
B
J Be able to demonstrate an
understanding of the
E historical background of Explain the roles of
C Philippine democratic different political
politics, the executive, the
T institutions
legislative and the
I Judiciary

V
E
 STRUCTURE
OF THE
PHILIPPINE
GOVERNMENT
 ACTIVITY
1.Form a group
2.Your task is to share your understanding or your knowledge on
the following topics
The Executive Department (Roles, Powers and Responsibility)
Present your out in a creative way
Group 1 – Role Play
Group 2– Poster
Group 3-Song
Group 4-Poem
THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
 THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

The 1987 Constitution of the Philippines

provides for the Presidential System of
Government. This system was adopted
from the 1935 Constitution under the
Commonwealth of the Philippines.
THE ROLE OF THE EXECUTIVE
1. Crisis Leadership,
2. Commander-in-Chief
3. Chief Legislator
4. Head of the State and Head of Government
5. Symbol for the unity for the citizens, and
6. Formulates the budget
THE PRESIDENT
Highest Official of the Land

Chief Executive

Vested with the Executive

Power
Enforce the constitution and
the laws for the observance of
the people
Administers the affairs of the
government for the benefit of
the people
 THE EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT

Official Qualifications Term of Office

a. Natural-born citizen of the Philippines;

b. At least 40 years old on the day of 6 years
President the election; no
c. Able to read and write; re-election
d. A registered voter; and
c. A resident of the Philippines for at least 10
years
immediately preceding the election.
Vice-President 6 years with
the right of re-
- The same with the President- election for
another term
Manner of Presidential Succession

A. President of the Philippines

B. The Vice-President of the Philippines

C. The Senate President

D. The Speaker of the House of Representatives

 Two Classes of
Presidential Succession

1. Before assumption
of office by the
President; and
2. After assumption
of office by the
President
When the Vice-President
shall Act as President
The Vice-President shall Act as President in any of
the following”
 If the President elect fails to qualify; or
 If a President shall not have been chosen; or
 In case of temporary disability or incapacity
to discharge his powers and duties.
When the Vice-President shall
become President?
The Vice-President shall become President in any of the following:

o If at the beginning of his term, the President elect died, or

become permanently disabled; or
o After assumption of office, in case of death, permanently
disabled, removal from office, or resignation of the President.

When there is no President

and Vice president?
Vacancy in the Office of the Vice-President

In case of permanent vacancy in the office

of the Vice-President, the President has the
power to nominate from among the members
of the Senate or the House of Representatives
who shall assume office upon confirmation by
a majority vote of all the Members of both
Houses of the Congress, voting separately. (Art
VII, Sec. 9)
 Constitutional Prohibitions of the President, Vice
President and Cabinet Members and their deputies
and assistants
 Prohibition to hold other office or employment,
practice any other profession, participate, directly or indirectly,
in any business or be financially interested, directly or
indirectly, in any contract with, or any franchise, or special
privilege granted by the government or any subdivision, agency,
or instrumentality thereof, including government-owned or
controlled corporations or their subsidiaries during their tenure.
(Art VII, Section 13 )
Constitutional Prohibitions of the President, Vice President and
Cabinet Members and their deputies and assistants

 Prohibition to Appoint Members of His

Family & Relatives up to the fourth
civil degree of consanguinity or affinity
during his tenure. (Ibid)
 Constitutional Prohibitions of the President, Vice President and Cabinet
Members and their deputies and assistants

 Prohibition to make appointments two (2) months

before the next presidential election and up to the
end of his term, except for temporary appointments
to executive positions in order not to prejudice
public service or endanger public safety. This
prohibition extends even to appointments in the
judiciary. (Art. VII, Section 15)
 POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT
A. APPOINTING POWER
Members of the Supreme Court (Chief Justice and Associate Justices)
Members of the Constitutional Commission, Ombudsman, Commission of
Human Rights
Heads of Executive Departments
Ambassadors
Public Ministers
Officers of the AFP
Judges of the Lower Courts
All other officers of the government whose appointments are not provided
for
by law.
Others whom he may be authorized by law to appoint
 POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT
B. Power to exercise control over all executive departments, bureaus, and
offices, to ensure the proper management thereof.

C. Military Power
Power to Command the Armed Forces of the Philippines
The Power to Suspend the Privilege of the Writ of Habeas Corpus
Power to Declare Martial Law

D. Pardoning Power
E. Power to Contract and Guarantee Foreign Loans
F. Treaty Making Power
G. Budgetary Power
H. Informing Power
 POWERS OF THE PRESIDENT
In addition with the constitution, the powers of the President of the Philippines
are specifically outlined in Executive Order No. 292, s. 1987, otherwise known as
the Administrative Code of 1987. The following powers are:

1. Ordinance power 2. Power Over Aliens

 Executive Orders
 Administrative Orders
 Proclamations
 Memorandum Orders
 Memorandum Circulars
 General or Special Orders
3. Power of Eminent Domain, Escheat, land
reservation and the recovery of ill-gotten
wealth.
4. Power of General Supervision Over Local
Governments.
5. Other Powers given to him by law.
6. Residual Power
THE CABINET OF THE PHILIPPINES
 Composed of executive departments that deal with various
aspects of governance and address specific national issues.
 Variousdepartments are headed by secretaries who are
organized experts in the specific area of governance with
their department handle.
 Thecabinet secretaries are appointed by the President,
subjects to the approval of Congress.
 Thecabinet provides counsel to the closely coordinates
with the President in implementing government projects
and performing other executive obligations.
 Department of Interior
and Local Government
(DILG)

This department supervises the implementation

of national policies in the local government
units in the country. It also oversees the
Philippine National Police
 DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL
DEFENSE (DND)

This department ensures the protection of the

state against external forces. To accomplish this
goal, the DND heads the Armed Forces of the
Philippines, which includes the PA, PN, and the
PAF.
 Department of Agrarian
Reform (DAR)

The DAR is involved in executing programs to

advance agrarian reform in the country. Such
program ensure that the farmers are given
sufficient land and are provided agricultural
assistance as well.
 Department of Agriculture
(DA)

The DA spearheads projects to improve

agricultural production. The DA is also oversees
the import and export of agricultural goods.
 Department of Education
(DepEd)

 This DepEd carries out programs aimed at improving

education in the country, particularly for the primary
and secondary levels. Education programs for
institutions of higher education are under the
supervision of the Commission on Higher Education
(CHED)
 Department of Health
(DOH)

 Thisdepartment organizes the health programs of the

government. It also administers the hospitals and
medical centers across the country, and agencies such
as the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the
National Nutrition Council (NNC)
 Department of Labor and
Employment (DOLE)

 The DOLE is in charge of projects that guarantee the

will-being of employees in the country. The DOLE also
oversees the Philippine Overseas Employment Agency
(POEA), which conducts programs intended for
overseas Filipino workers (OFW)
 Department of Social
Welfare and Development
(DSWD)

 The DSWD is tasked with developing projects to help

Filipinos easily access social services and improve
their quality of life. These projects include financial
and legal aid to the poor, as well as assistance to
victims of violence and natural disasters.
 Department of Justice
(DOJ)

This department is responsible for upholding law

and justice. It supervises the criminal justice
system in the country and also the heads
agencies including the NBI, Bureau of Imigration,
and Public Attorney’s Office (PAO)
 Department of Foreign
Affairs (DFA)

The DFA is in Charge of our country’s diplomatic

relations with other states. It also protects the
rights of Filipino citizens residing overseas. The
DFA oversees the various embassies and
consulates of the Philippines in other countries.
 Department of
Environment and Natural
Resources (DENR)

The DENR organizes programs that focus on the

conservation and responsible use of the
country’s natural resources. It also ensures the
sustainability and protection of the
environment.
 Department of Energy
(DOE)

This department is mandated to create projects

which shall lead to the development, proper
use, and conversation of the energy resources of
the country, including electricity and oil
reserves.
 Department of Finance
(DOF)

 This
department is tasked with developing programs
and policies which shall help the government
generate revenue for its projects. It is also the
department that handles the national debt and
spearheads the general improvement of the Philippine
economy. The BIR is an agency under this department.
 Department of Budget and
Management(DBM)

The DBM is specifically in charge of allocating

different resources of the government for the
achievement of its objectives. These resources
are not only limited to funds, but also include
technologies, material goods, and labor
 Department of Trade and
Industry (DTI)

The DTI oversees the conduct of trade in the

country. It also manage national investments
and supervises the operation of industries. In
addition, it is tasked with protecting the rights
of both consumers and businessmen.
 National Economic and
Development Authority
(NEDA)

The NEDA constantly monitors the national

economy and analyzes economic trends. It then
uses its findings to create plans for economic
policies, and makes recommendations for
national and local economic projects.
 Department of Tourism
(DOT)

 Thisdepartment leads in promoting the tourism

industry in the country. It also aims to develop
tourism as a way to encourage foreign investment and
improve the economic well-being of Filipinos. One
way through which this is done is by promoting and
developing tourist destinations in the Philippines.
 Department of Public
Works and Highways
(DPWH)

 The DPWH is tasked with the planning of public

infrastructure projects, and the construction and
maintenance of infrastructure facilities throughout the
country. These facilities throughout the country. These
facilities include roads, bridges, public buildings,
drainage system.
 Department of Science
and Technology (DOST)

This department implements programs aimed at

utilizing the fields of science and technology to
contribute to national progress. It also aims to
promote scientific awareness among Filipinos
 Department of
Transportation (DOTr)

The DOTr plans implements projects that

contribute to the continual improvement of
transportation system throughout the country
 Department of Information
and Communication
Technology (DICT)

 TheDICT is a newly-created department under the

administration of Benigno S. Aquino III. This
department is in charge of improving Information and
Communication Technology (ICT) in the country and
using to promote national development.
 EMPOWER #1

 Form a group of five member and research on

one Cabinet department. Identify the duties,
projects and incumbent officials of your
chosen department. Based on the information
you gather, present an infomercial featuring
this department.
EMPOWER #2
 Interviewyour barangay captain regarding his or her
duties and responsibilities as a government officials. Ask
also about the problems he or she has encountered in
governing the barangay, and the solutions which were
taken to address these problems. Report to the class what
you learned in the interview.
 Interview a Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Chairman. Ask his
or her role in youth empowerment and in the
implementation of local projects. Discuss the
effectiveness of the SK as a political institution based on
the information you have gathered.