Skull II.

Dr. Anna L. Kiss

Department of Human Morphology and
Developmental Biology, Semmelweis University
2015
Skull II.
 Walls of the orbit

 Roof: frontal bone (orbital plates)

sphenoidal bone (lesser wing)

 Floor: body of the maxilla

palatine bone

 Medial wall: ethmoidal bone (orbital plate)

lacrimal bone
frontal process of the maxilla

 Lateral wall: sphenoidal bone (greater wing)

zygomatic bone

 Entrance: aditus orbitae

 Connections of the orbit

 Optic canal fossa cranii ant. media optic nerve + ophtalmic art.

 Sup. orb. fissure fossa cranii media oculomotory n.

trochlear n.
abducens n.
ophtalmic n. (V/1)
sup. ophtalmic v.

 Inf. orbital fissure fossa pterygopal. infraorbital a. and n.

 Ant.ethmoid.foramen fossa cranii ant. ant. ethmoidal a. and n.

 Post. ethm. foramen ethmoidal cellulae post. ethmoid. a. and n.

 Connetions of the orbit
 Inf. orbital groove and canal

 Canalis nasolacrimalis inf. nasal meatus nasolacrimal duct

 Infraorbital foramen fossa canina infraorbital a. and n.

 Incisura fronatalis frontal area frontal a. and n.

 Supraorbital foramen frontal area supraorbital a. and n.

 Zygomatic canal lateral part of the face

temporal fossa zygomatic n.
 Nasal cavity

 Entrance: piriforme aperture

 Exit: choanae

 Cavity:
 nasal septum: bony:

- perpendicularplate of the - ethmoidal bone+vomer

cartilagenous

 Common nasal meatus: is divided by conchas

 Superior, middle and inferior nasal meatus

 palatine bone

pterygoid process
(sphenoidal
bone)

body of the
sphenoidal bone
 Walls of the nasal cavtity

 Superior wall: nasal bone

frontal bone (nasal part)
cribriforme plate of the ethmoidal bone
body of the sphenoidal bone
(sphenoethmoidal recess)
sphenoidal sinus
Semilunar hiatus: binds
the paranasal sinuses with
each other
 Paranasal sinuses

 Frontal sinus: semilunar hiatus (anterior part)

 Sphenoidal sinus: sphenoethmoidal recess

 Maxillary sinus: semilunar hiatus (posterior part)

 Ethmoidal cellulae: semilunar hiatus (middle group)+superior

nasal meatus (postrior group)
Pterygopalatine fossa
 Connections of the pterygopalatine
fossa
 Middle cranial fossa foramen rotundum maxillary n. (V/2)

 Nasal cavity sphenopalatine foramen art.+nerves

 External surface
of the skull pterygoid canal greater petr. n.

 Orbit inferior orbital fissure maxillary n. (V/2)

 Oral cavity greater palatine canal nerves+art.

 Infratemporal fossa pterygomaxillary fissure nerves (V/2)

 Muscles of the skull
1.) Mimetic muscles

- no fascia
- tightly attached to the skin
- innervation: facial nerve
- are around the openings of the skull

2.) Muscles of mastication

- fascia (temporalis; parotideo-

masseteric)
- innervation: trigeminal nerve
- around the temporomandibular joint
 Muscles of the skull: mimetic muscles

Epicranius m. frontal belly

Orbicularis oculi m.

Laevator labii sup.

Orbicularis oris m.

Laevator anguli oris

Buccinator m.
Muscles of the skull: mimetic muscles

Mimetic muscles:
facial nerve (VII)

platysm
Muscles of the skull: muscles of
mastication
Muscles of the skull: muscles of
mastication

External pterygoid m.

Internal pterygoid m.
Muscles of the skull: muscles of
mastication

Masseteric m.
Muscles of the skull: muscles of
mastication

Innervated: V/3
(mandibular n.)